1. VOCATIONAL TRAINING ROLE
IN EMPLOYMENT OF NEPALI
PEOPLE
BY
KUL B. BASNET
Prof. JINSOO KIM
KOREA NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION

2. OUTLINE
I
• INTRODUCTION
II
• SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTEXT
III
• EMPLOYMENT SITUATION
IV
• VOCATIONAL TRAINING AND PROGRAM
V
• CONSTRAINTS AND OBSTACLES
VI
• CONCLUSION

3. I. INTRODUCTION
Vocational Education &Training (VET)
 Help to young professional to move from school
environment to world of work.
 Can develop appropriate skills, improve labor
supply and employability of the workforce.
 Economic environment determine size and nature
of skill; benefit of training.
 Responsibility of planners linking training with
economic productivity.

4. In Nepal
 number of non-skilled youth and educated
unemployed are increasing fast.
 New job related with IT and computer are
growing fast; and
 channeling unskilled workers into new
growth area is not happening.
 Sustained and consolidated effort is needed.

5. Nepal
 Responsible institute should come up
with consolidated policy and program to
create job in market.
 To link vocational training with
employment, active participation of
business and industry is essential.

6. PURPOSE
 Discusscurrent employment situation
and role of vocational training in
employment in Nepal.

7. NEPAL
Situation
Foreign
Nepal
employment – Gap between
workforce
provide skill vocational
lacks
training before training
productivity
going – could program and
because of
easily increase employment
skill training
annual income

8. REASON OF STUDY
 Vastnumber of adults have either not
been to school or not received any
vocational training. As a result workforce
lacks productivity in domestic as well as
in overseas labor markets.

9. RESEARCH FRAMEWORK
 Qualitative method
 Examination of written documents
 Descriptive analysis
 Authors individual experience and
observation

10. II. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTEXT
Mosaic of
Economy-labor
culture, language
intensive
and religion
Ethnic group Land
– 101 fragmentation
Language - Sharp rise of
92 inequality

11. BASIS OF ECONOMY
 Labor intensive agriculture
 Cultivating fragile soils
 Raising livestock for low returns

12. FARM LAND OWNERSHIP AND
DISTRIBUTION
S.N. Holdings Percent Percent
Holdings Area (ha)
1 <0.50 ha 46.93 14.7
2 <1.00 – 0.50 ha 27.22 24.18
3 >1 ha 25.85 61.12
Source: Central Bureau of Statistics, 2001 (Agriculture Census)

13. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
PERFORMANCE
Srilanka
1960
NEPAL 2009
Bhutan HDI-2.4% Pakistan
1980 Rank-138 (169) 1970
Inequality - 0.41
India
1980

14. POPULATION AGED 15 & OVER LEVEL OF
COMPLETED EDUCATION
Description Male (%) Female(%) Total (%)
Never attend school 32.4 58.2 46.7
Less than primary 13.2 8.8 10.7
Primary 16.7 10.9 13.5
Lower secondary 11.2 7.0 8.9
Secondary 17.0 10.4 13.4
Higher secondary 5.4 2.9 4.0
Bachelors and Masters 3.3 0.9 2.0
Others 0.7 0.8 0.7
Not stated 0.1 0.1 0.1
Source: Nepal Labor Force Survey– 2008

15. III.EMPLOYMENT SITUATION
Agriculture –
73.9%
Non-
agriculture –
26.1%
Paid
employees-
16.9%
Population
employment
ratio – 81.7%

16. LABOR FORCE
Growth rate – 2.6%
Agriculture – give 90 days work/yr
Unemployment
• 1-19hrs-11% • Rural -32.51%
• 20-39 hrs-20% • Urban-14.2% • Urban-29.25%
• 40 hrs more- • Rural-4.2% • Total – 42%
68%
Under
Employment
employment

17. FOREIGN EMPLOYMENT
Cumulative number Going out for Countrywide data (2009/2010)
employment
Year Number Year Number Country Name Number of people
2001 250,000 2006/07 204,533 Malaysia 113,900
Saudi Arab 63,700
2007 500,000 2007/08 249,051 Qatar 57,340
UAE 33,840
2008 800,000 2008/09 219,965 Kuwait 8,255
2011 1,200,000 2011 294,094 Oman 3,285
projected projected
Others 13’744
Source: Department of Foreign Employment Promotion

18. IV. VOCATIONAL TRAINING
PROGRAM
Ministries CTEVT NGOs
Vocational Training
Participatory District and Community Training for
Development Development Employment
Program Program F-skill
Training Institute
Department of
Labor
Department of Skills for Rural Development
Cottage & Small Employment Project Bank
Industry

19. V. CONSTRAINTS & OBSTACLES
1. Gap between
policies, plans, programs
and implementation
2. Access/ Resources
3. Political Stability
Labor Market Rigidities
5. Infrastructure
4. Weak Governance shortcomings

20. VI. CONCLUSION
VET
1 2
3
Develop model Give
Adopt rapidly
giving value to opportunity to
changing
vocational school dropout
demands of
training and and rural
labor market
skills. people.

21. REFERENCES
ADB, DFID & ILO. (2009). Country Diagnostics Studies Highlights
Nepal: Critical Development Constraints.
Central Bureau of Statistics, Government of Nepal. (2004). Nepal Living
Standard Survey 2003/04.
Central Bureau of Statistics. (2009). Report on the Nepal Labor Force
Survey 2008.National Planning Commission Secretariat, Government of
Nepal.
National Planning Commission. (2005). Implementation of the Brussels
Program of Action for the LDCs for the Decade 2001 – 2010. Progress
Report Nepal.

22. THANK YOU