This document summarizes a student's research on developing latent fingerprints on feathers and bird eggs for the purpose of wildlife crime investigation. The student found that green magnetic fingerprint powder under UV light was most successful for feathers, while black magnetic powder worked best for eggs. For wet techniques, small particle reagent produced some ridge detail on feathers but ninhydrin and DFO were unsuccessful due to dyeing or not developing marks. Location and feather texture impacted mark quality and ability to separate and re-examine feathers. The research aims to help forensic investigation of crimes against birds of prey.
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Using Ultraviolet and Infrared Imaging to Capture Fingerprints Darren Corbett
By exploiting the light interactions of Infrared and Ultraviolet absorbance, reflectence, transmittance and fluorescence, we can create contrast between a fingerprint and the background
Kirill Repin 12 2015 \ Shanghai \ Searching for new job opportunityKirill Repin
Repin Kirill (Russian, Spanish, Chinese, English Fluent, 12+years experience in business development, international trade and project management).
Previous position: Business Development Manager.
Desired position: BD manager\director, Marketing manager\director, Project manager\director, International Sales manager\director, Group leader\coach.
Grupo Reifs Chiclana: fiesta de animadores amex barcelóGrupo Reifs
Llegó el verano a la residencia del Grupo Reifs Chiclana, y no queríamos dejar escapar la ocasión para aprovechar esta época tan festiva y de jolgorio y disfrutarla junto a todos nuestros residentes
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A detailed presentation on the contemporary (presently preferred), conventional and potential modalities of caries diagnosis in the vast and developing world of dentistry.
This slide was prepared in conjunction with Dr. Janhavi Rajput & Dr. Ishaan Adhaulia.
Hope this presentation brings clarification and light to the detailed topic.
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To know more about the topic, follow the link given- https://youtu.be/yQjxkntFH0k
This presentation is about the Gun Shot Residue which is a prime evidence in the investigation of crimes involving a use of firearm. It will inform the viewer about the composition, relevance and various chemical and instrumental methods employed for its analysis.
1. www.derby.ac.uk
Who am I?
• BSc (Hons) Forensic Science Student
• Graduate in July with predicted 1st Class (hopefully!)
• Aspirations for a career in the Wildlife Crime sector
• Combination of my two passions: Forensic Science & Wildlife!
• Particular interest in protecting birds of prey
• Lifelong member of the RSPB and Norfolk Wildlife Trust
2. www.derby.ac.uk
• Red and Green magnetic fluorescent fingerprint powders deemed most suitable for feathers
• Black magnetic powder most suitable for the surface of the eggs
Previous Research
3. www.derby.ac.uk
Definitions
• Research focused on the visualisation of latent fingermarks
– Latent: Generally difficult to visualise (invisible);
Principle component is sweat;
Vast majority of all fingermarks
• Fingermark or Fingerprint?
– Fingermark: Impression left by the friction ridges of a human finger
(Non-Fingerprint Experts)
– Fingerprint: Impression left by the friction ridges of a human finger
(Qualified Fingerprint Experts Only!)
• Ridge Detail: ridge flow and specific ridge characteristics
4. www.derby.ac.uk
Methods
• Fingerprint powders and Superglue fuming
• Powders observed using different wavelengths of light and their
corresponding filters
• Superglue fuming followed by Basic Yellow 40 staining
• Fluorescent observed under blue light (430-470nm)
• Used a grading scale to determine the quality of the developed print
5. www.derby.ac.uk
Results
Feathers
• Red magnetic powder enhanced
88.6% of fingermarks
• Green magnetic powder enhanced
84.3% of fingermarks
• Mainly low grade marks (some ridge
detail present)
• Finer weave count of feather = better
quality ridge detail
• Least Successful: White magnetic
powder and aluminium powder
Eggs
• Black magnetic powder enhanced
95.8% of fingermarks
• High number of high grade
fingermarks developed
• High grade marks = more ridge
detail present
• 100% enhancement on raptor eggs
(Goshawk, Barn & Long-Eared Owl)
• Least successful on raptor eggs:
aluminium powder
6. www.derby.ac.uk
Our Research
• Replicated techniques
• Deposited fingermarks on the top,
underside and quill tip of the feather
• Tested more colours of fluorescent
fingerprint powder
• Trialled the combinations of powder
and wavelength of light to determine
the best contrast
• Used Superglue fuming followed by
two types of stain
• New methodology
• Examined efficiency of Ninhydrin & DFO
• Additionally tested the effect of Small
Particle Reagent (SPR)
• Looked at the effect of separation/repair
• Ensured each fingermark was deposited
with the same amount of sweat and
pressure
7. www.derby.ac.uk
Results – Magnetic powder
Green Powder + UV light:
Dark Feather
Green Powder + UV light:
Waterfowl Feather
Combination worked well on
three feather types:
• A white, waterfowl
feather
• A patterned Tawny
Owl feather
• A dark, banded
feather
The darker the feather, the
better the contrast!
8. www.derby.ac.uk
Results – Superglue Ninhydrin & DFO
• Waterfowl Feathers
– Basic Yellow 40 Stain –
Enhanced 7 out of 8 marks under
blue light (430-470nm)
– Saffranin Stain – One mark (no
ridge detail) under blue light
• Tawny Owl Feathers
– Basic Yellow 40 Stain – No
enhancement
– Yellow SPR – One mark, no ridge
detail
– Green Fingerprint Powder + UV –
Enhanced all marks
• Concluded an unsuccessful “wet”
treatment
• Chosen due to being fingermark
development techniques for porous
surfaces
• Feathers were dyed by the Ninhydrin
reagent (purple) with no fingermark
development
• No fingermarks were developed under DFO
• Concluded as unsuccessful development
techniques for feathers
9. www.derby.ac.uk
Results – Small Particle Reagent (SPR)
• Liquid reagent caused
problems with non-
waterproof feathers
• Feathers needed to be
re-spread and dried prior
to examination
• Developed low grade
prints (limited ridge details)
SPR + White Light:
Tawny feather
SPR + UV Light:
Tawny feather
10. www.derby.ac.uk
Effects of Separation
• Two methods tested:
– Depositing a mark followed by separation of the feather
– Separating the feather followed by depositing the mark
• Marks were enhanced with green fingerprint powder and SPR
• Detail was lost if mark separated after SPR enhancement
• Green fingerprint powder could be separated
• Separation and subsequent repair dependent on the texture of the feather
12. www.derby.ac.uk
Conclusion
• Green magnetic fingerprint powder examined under UV light (350-380nm)
most successful technique
• Small Particle Reagent most successful “wet” treatment
• Location of the mark on the feather is an important factor
– Further from quill = clearer, more detailed fingermarks
• Texture of the feather effected enhancement and separation
– Softer, “fluffier” feathers = less clear fingermarks
– Thicker barbs of feather = more likely to be separated and repaired
Editor's Notes
Investigated whether fingermarks could be detected on the surface of feathers and eggs from birds of prey
Six species of feather: Kestrel, Sparrowhawk, Buzzard, Red Kite, Golden Eagle and White-Tailed Eagle
Seven species of eggs: Kestrel, Sparrowhawk, Golden Eagle, Goshawk, Tawny Owl, Barn Owl and Long-Eared Owl
Ridge flow: Overall pattern (Loop, Arch or Whorl)
Ridge Characteristics: Specific events e.g. ridge ending or bifurcation; these features are used in court
CNA: heated superglue into a gas which sticks to any fingermarks present
Powders: Buzzard, Red Kite & Eagle (which one?!)
Not enough to make an identification
CNA hindered by water-proofing ability and hydrophobic nature of the feathers
Trialled on a full wing (Buzzard): Red – 3 areas (no detail); Green – unsuccessful
Similar weave count findings to studies on fabric (Fraser et al., 2011)
Buzzard and Red Kite most effective compared to eagle (due to weave count)
Black magnetic powder: findings in accordance to studies on food items (inc. hen eggs)
95.8% - Golden Eagle, Kestrel, Sparrowhawk & Tawny Owl
Expanded on previous research focussing only on feathers
BY40 (Yellow) & Saffranin (Red)
Ninhydrin & DFO: Previous study described feathers as porous
Separation: before & after enhancement
Created a loading and deposition pressure method
Determined that green magnetic fingerprint powder and UV light (350-380nm) was the best overall combination
Powder was affected by soft (fluffy!) feathers. Less ridge detail observed
Feather types: also different water-proofing ability and texture
BY40: Absorbed into feather (especially the underside)
BY40 & Saffranin: Neither could be viewed 24 hours later
Tawny feathers shrivelled in humidity
Yellow SPR reagent used and viewed under UV light
Some ridge detail was developed on a Tawny Owl feather
Alternatively, can have black SPR reagent
Dry SPR Reagent becomes powdery
“Spiny” feathers easier to separate and repair
Closer to quill = powder adhered to “fur” = less detail