European countries colonized other lands in the 1500s due to overpopulation and lack of resources at home. This allowed colonists to acquire new lands and opportunities but resulted in the genocide and enslavement of millions of Native Americans. European colonialism in the Americas was one of the bloodiest and most horrific periods in human history, as colonists not only killed and enslaved indigenous people but also brought African slaves to work on plantations after Native Americans died in slavery. Colonialism essentially meant death, slavery, and the destruction of entire communities for the expansion of colonial powers.