Autoimmune diseases are conditions in which your immune system mistakenly damages healthy cells in your body. Types include rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, and some thyroid conditions.

1. Autoimmun
e disorders

3. • Autoimmune disorders are conditions in which the
body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own
tissues, causing inflammation and damage.
• Normally, the immune system defends the body
against harmful invaders such as bacteria and
viruses.
• However, in autoimmune disorders, the immune
system can't distinguish between healthy tissue
and harmful substances, leading it to attack normal
cells and tissues.

4. There are over 80 different types of autoimmune
disorders, each affecting different organs and tissues
in the body. Some common autoimmune disorders
include:
1.

5. Rheumatoid arthritis:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a
chronic (long-lasting)
autoimmune disease that
mostly affects joints.
RA occurs when the immune
system, which normally helps
protect the body from infection
and disease, attacks its own
tissues.
The disease causes pain,
swelling, stiffness, and loss of
function in joints.
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• Use exercises and relaxation
techniques to reduce your pain
and help you stay active.
• Communicate well with your
health care team so you can have
more control over your disease.
Reach out for support to help cope
with the physical emotional, and
mental effects of rheumatoid
arthritis.

7. What is SLE?
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is the
most common type of lupus. SLE is an
autoimmune disease in which the immune
system attacks its own tissues, causing
widespread inflammation and tissue damage in
the affected organs. It can affect the joints, skin,
brain, lungs, kidneys, and blood vessels.

9. 3. Multiple sclerosis (MS): An autoimmune disease that
affects the central nervous system, leading to
inflammation and damage to the myelin sheath
(protective covering) of nerve fibers. This can cause a
wide range of symptoms, including fatigue, muscle
weakness, numbness, and difficulty with coordination
and balance.

13. 4. Type 1 diabetes: An autoimmune condition in which
the immune system attacks the insulin-producing cells
in the pancreas, leading to high blood sugar levels.
• A chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin.
• It typically appears in adolescence.
• It can also occur in children and adolescents depending on how many B-cells of
the pancreas are non-functioning.
• The onset of symptoms corresponds to an 80% reduction in beta cell mass.
• Symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, hunger, fatigue and blurred
vision.
• Treatment aims at maintaining normal blood sugar levels through regular
monitoring, insulin therapy, diet and exercise.

15. 5. Hashimoto's thyroiditis: An autoimmune
disorder that causes inflammation of the thyroid
gland, leading to an underactive thyroid
(hypothyroidism) and symptoms such as fatigue,
weight gain, and sensitivity to cold.
6. Celiac disease: An autoimmune disorder
triggered by the ingestion of gluten, a protein found
in wheat, barley, and rye. It causes damage to the
small intestine and can lead to digestive symptoms,
malnutrition, and other complications.