This document discusses binary search trees and operations on them like insertion and deletion of nodes. It defines a binary search tree as a binary tree where every node's value is unique, and the value of its left child is less than the node value and the value of its right child is greater. Insertion of a new node involves recursively searching for the correct position based on its value. Deletion has two cases - if the node has no left child it is simply removed, and if it does, its value is replaced by the largest value in its left subtree.
Madrid, 16-18 octubre de 1981
LA EXCEPCIÓN ES LA REGLA EN AMÉRICA LATINA
por Leandro DESPOUY
Secretariado Internacional de Juristas para la amnistía en Uruguay
(SIJAU, París)
Introducción:
Desde el punto d e vista del derecho, tres aspectos caracterizan la realidad global de América Latina :
- a) La profunda degradación de los mecanismos constitucionales que regulan el aparato institucional del estado (sustitución del principio de equilibrio y control de poderes por el principio de autoridad y jerarquía, por ejemplo).
- b) La implantación casi general izada de regímenes de excepción (casi 2/3 de los países latinoamericanos viven hoy bajo estado de excepción).
- c ) La violación flagrante y sistemática de los derechos humanos, como una especie de corolario ineluctable de esa realidad , cuya gravedad ha motivado la preocupación creciente de la comunidad internacional. -
Basten pues , estas palabras , para destacar la significación y trascendencia del Coloquio que nos reúne .
El documento habla sobre el cilantro. Brevemente describe el cilantro como una planta verde de hojas pequeñas redondas. Explica que se usa como condimento y planta medicinal y detalla algunos de sus beneficios para la salud como remover metales tóxicos del cuerpo. También brinda instrucciones sobre cómo usar el cilantro en forma de té para la indigestión y cólicos, y como cataplasma para el dolor de artritis.
This document discusses heaps and their implementation and applications. It defines a heap as a complete binary tree where each node's value is greater than its children in a max heap or less than its children in a min heap. Heaps can be implemented using an array, where calculations allow accessing a node's children and parent. Common heap operations like insertion and deletion take O(log n) time. Heaps are used in priority queues, sorting algorithms like heapsort, and some graph algorithms. Heapsort first builds a max or min heap from an array then repeatedly deletes the root to sort in descending or ascending order respectively.
A linked list consists of a sequence of nodes, where each node contains a value and a pointer to the next node. The last node contains a null pointer. Each node has a successor, which is the next node, and a predecessor, which is the previous node. A linked list can be traversed by starting at the head node and following the next pointers until reaching a null pointer. New nodes can be inserted at the beginning, middle, or end of the list by updating the appropriate next pointers. Nodes can be deleted by having the predecessor node point to the node to be deleted's successor.
The document discusses different types of queues including linear queues, circular queues, priority queues, and deques. It provides details on the basic operations for each type of queue including insert and delete operations. For linear queues, it describes how elements are added to the rear and removed from the front in FIFO order. Circular queues are described as improving on linear queues by making the queue circular to avoid overflow. Priority queues are defined as having elements with assigned priorities and removing the highest priority element first. Finally, deques are introduced as allowing insertions and deletions from either end.
This document discusses linked lists and their implementation in C. It begins by describing the differences between array-based and linked list implementations. Specifically, it notes that linked lists use dynamic memory allocation and pointers to connect nodes rather than contiguous memory blocks. The document then covers creating and traversing linked lists using nodes with data fields and next pointers. It provides code examples for inserting, finding, deleting and destroying nodes in a singly linked list. Finally, it briefly lists some other common linked list operations like sorting, reversing and finding min/max elements.
Trees are hierarchical data structures that can represent relationships between data items. A tree consists of nodes connected by edges, with one root node at the top. Examples of trees include biological classification trees, file system directories, and HTML page elements.
Key terminology includes nodes, edges, the root node, leaf nodes, paths between nodes, parent and child relationships, subtrees, levels, heights, and depths. Binary trees have at most two child nodes per parent, and can be traversed in preorder, inorder, or postorder to visit the nodes.
This document discusses binary search trees and operations on them like insertion and deletion of nodes. It defines a binary search tree as a binary tree where every node's value is unique, and the value of its left child is less than the node value and the value of its right child is greater. Insertion of a new node involves recursively searching for the correct position based on its value. Deletion has two cases - if the node has no left child it is simply removed, and if it does, its value is replaced by the largest value in its left subtree.
Madrid, 16-18 octubre de 1981
LA EXCEPCIÓN ES LA REGLA EN AMÉRICA LATINA
por Leandro DESPOUY
Secretariado Internacional de Juristas para la amnistía en Uruguay
(SIJAU, París)
Introducción:
Desde el punto d e vista del derecho, tres aspectos caracterizan la realidad global de América Latina :
- a) La profunda degradación de los mecanismos constitucionales que regulan el aparato institucional del estado (sustitución del principio de equilibrio y control de poderes por el principio de autoridad y jerarquía, por ejemplo).
- b) La implantación casi general izada de regímenes de excepción (casi 2/3 de los países latinoamericanos viven hoy bajo estado de excepción).
- c ) La violación flagrante y sistemática de los derechos humanos, como una especie de corolario ineluctable de esa realidad , cuya gravedad ha motivado la preocupación creciente de la comunidad internacional. -
Basten pues , estas palabras , para destacar la significación y trascendencia del Coloquio que nos reúne .
El documento habla sobre el cilantro. Brevemente describe el cilantro como una planta verde de hojas pequeñas redondas. Explica que se usa como condimento y planta medicinal y detalla algunos de sus beneficios para la salud como remover metales tóxicos del cuerpo. También brinda instrucciones sobre cómo usar el cilantro en forma de té para la indigestión y cólicos, y como cataplasma para el dolor de artritis.
This document discusses heaps and their implementation and applications. It defines a heap as a complete binary tree where each node's value is greater than its children in a max heap or less than its children in a min heap. Heaps can be implemented using an array, where calculations allow accessing a node's children and parent. Common heap operations like insertion and deletion take O(log n) time. Heaps are used in priority queues, sorting algorithms like heapsort, and some graph algorithms. Heapsort first builds a max or min heap from an array then repeatedly deletes the root to sort in descending or ascending order respectively.
A linked list consists of a sequence of nodes, where each node contains a value and a pointer to the next node. The last node contains a null pointer. Each node has a successor, which is the next node, and a predecessor, which is the previous node. A linked list can be traversed by starting at the head node and following the next pointers until reaching a null pointer. New nodes can be inserted at the beginning, middle, or end of the list by updating the appropriate next pointers. Nodes can be deleted by having the predecessor node point to the node to be deleted's successor.
The document discusses different types of queues including linear queues, circular queues, priority queues, and deques. It provides details on the basic operations for each type of queue including insert and delete operations. For linear queues, it describes how elements are added to the rear and removed from the front in FIFO order. Circular queues are described as improving on linear queues by making the queue circular to avoid overflow. Priority queues are defined as having elements with assigned priorities and removing the highest priority element first. Finally, deques are introduced as allowing insertions and deletions from either end.
This document discusses linked lists and their implementation in C. It begins by describing the differences between array-based and linked list implementations. Specifically, it notes that linked lists use dynamic memory allocation and pointers to connect nodes rather than contiguous memory blocks. The document then covers creating and traversing linked lists using nodes with data fields and next pointers. It provides code examples for inserting, finding, deleting and destroying nodes in a singly linked list. Finally, it briefly lists some other common linked list operations like sorting, reversing and finding min/max elements.
Trees are hierarchical data structures that can represent relationships between data items. A tree consists of nodes connected by edges, with one root node at the top. Examples of trees include biological classification trees, file system directories, and HTML page elements.
Key terminology includes nodes, edges, the root node, leaf nodes, paths between nodes, parent and child relationships, subtrees, levels, heights, and depths. Binary trees have at most two child nodes per parent, and can be traversed in preorder, inorder, or postorder to visit the nodes.
The document discusses different ways to represent graphs in a computer's memory. Graphs can be represented using either an adjacency matrix or linked lists. An adjacency matrix uses an n x n matrix to represent a graph with n vertices, where entries mark connections between vertices. Linked list representation connects each vertex to its neighbors through pointers. Both directed and undirected graphs as well as weighted graphs can be modeled with these approaches.
This document discusses recursion in programming. Recursion is when a function calls itself, either directly or indirectly. For a recursive function to work properly it must have a base case, which provides the terminating condition, and make progress toward the base case with each recursive call. Examples of recursively defined functions include factorials, powers, Fibonacci numbers, and towers of Hanoi. Recursion allows for simple programming of some complex problems but iterative solutions may have better performance due to less function call overhead.
This document provides contact details for Tony Lin, the sales director of Epoch-Power, including his phone number, email addresses, and links to the company's website and social media profiles, as well as Tony Lin's personal social media profiles.
This document proposes a solution to address issues of isolation and lack of purpose among elderly people in Belarus, as well as generational disconnect, by launching a "Retro Market" section on Kufar, the largest online classifieds site. Elderly people will be helped to list nostalgic retro items for sale with photos and stories. A Retro Festival event will also be organized to bring generations together around retro goods and build understanding. The goals are to give elderly a sense of contribution, teach digital skills, connect generations through shared history, and increase engagement on Kufar.
La Barbie ha generado críticas por promover un cuerpo desproporcionado e imposible para un ser humano. Su cuerpo puede causar ansiedad en las niñas y fomentar conductas alimentarias aberrantes como la anorexia. Algunas chicas jóvenes intentan parecerse a la Barbie a través de maquillaje, ropa y en algunos casos cirugías, poniendo en riesgo su salud.
O documento analisa um anúncio da Nike que mostra uma mulher correndo através de vários desafios para encontrar seu amado. O documento discute como o anúncio promove a igualdade de gênero ao mostrar que homens e mulheres podem fazer as mesmas coisas, embora também possa reforçar estereótipos sobre mulheres sendo capazes de tudo e homens não resistindo a dificuldades.
Este documento analisa um anúncio de Vanish que retrata a mulher como responsável pelas tarefas domésticas, perpetuando um estereótipo. O documento aponta que muitos anúncios de produtos de limpeza retratam as mulheres como donas de casa enquanto os homens raramente aparecem.
O documento analisa um anúncio da Nike que mostra uma mulher correndo atrás de um homem. Ele discute como o anúncio promove a igualdade de gênero ao mostrar que homens e mulheres podem fazer as mesmas coisas, mas também pode reforçar estereótipos ao sugerir que as mulheres podem superar tudo enquanto os homens não resistem às dificuldades.
El anuncio publicitario analizado promociona las muñecas Nenuco. Si bien permite que las niñas se diviertan jugando, también refuerza estereotipos de género al acostumbrarlas principalmente a realizar tareas domésticas.
The document discusses different ways to represent graphs in a computer's memory. Graphs can be represented using either an adjacency matrix or linked lists. An adjacency matrix uses an n x n matrix to represent a graph with n vertices, where entries mark connections between vertices. Linked list representation connects each vertex to its neighbors through pointers. Both directed and undirected graphs as well as weighted graphs can be modeled with these approaches.
This document discusses recursion in programming. Recursion is when a function calls itself, either directly or indirectly. For a recursive function to work properly it must have a base case, which provides the terminating condition, and make progress toward the base case with each recursive call. Examples of recursively defined functions include factorials, powers, Fibonacci numbers, and towers of Hanoi. Recursion allows for simple programming of some complex problems but iterative solutions may have better performance due to less function call overhead.
This document provides contact details for Tony Lin, the sales director of Epoch-Power, including his phone number, email addresses, and links to the company's website and social media profiles, as well as Tony Lin's personal social media profiles.
This document proposes a solution to address issues of isolation and lack of purpose among elderly people in Belarus, as well as generational disconnect, by launching a "Retro Market" section on Kufar, the largest online classifieds site. Elderly people will be helped to list nostalgic retro items for sale with photos and stories. A Retro Festival event will also be organized to bring generations together around retro goods and build understanding. The goals are to give elderly a sense of contribution, teach digital skills, connect generations through shared history, and increase engagement on Kufar.
La Barbie ha generado críticas por promover un cuerpo desproporcionado e imposible para un ser humano. Su cuerpo puede causar ansiedad en las niñas y fomentar conductas alimentarias aberrantes como la anorexia. Algunas chicas jóvenes intentan parecerse a la Barbie a través de maquillaje, ropa y en algunos casos cirugías, poniendo en riesgo su salud.
O documento analisa um anúncio da Nike que mostra uma mulher correndo através de vários desafios para encontrar seu amado. O documento discute como o anúncio promove a igualdade de gênero ao mostrar que homens e mulheres podem fazer as mesmas coisas, embora também possa reforçar estereótipos sobre mulheres sendo capazes de tudo e homens não resistindo a dificuldades.
Este documento analisa um anúncio de Vanish que retrata a mulher como responsável pelas tarefas domésticas, perpetuando um estereótipo. O documento aponta que muitos anúncios de produtos de limpeza retratam as mulheres como donas de casa enquanto os homens raramente aparecem.
O documento analisa um anúncio da Nike que mostra uma mulher correndo atrás de um homem. Ele discute como o anúncio promove a igualdade de gênero ao mostrar que homens e mulheres podem fazer as mesmas coisas, mas também pode reforçar estereótipos ao sugerir que as mulheres podem superar tudo enquanto os homens não resistem às dificuldades.
El anuncio publicitario analizado promociona las muñecas Nenuco. Si bien permite que las niñas se diviertan jugando, también refuerza estereotipos de género al acostumbrarlas principalmente a realizar tareas domésticas.
2. Escollemos un anuncio publicitario de bonecas nenuco.
Aspectos positivos:
As nenas divírtense xogando.
Aspectos negativos:
Con estes xogos, as nenas asocianse as tarefas do fogar.