Angular 2, in beta as of December 15, 2015, marks a significant rewrite with new JavaScript features emphasizing a component-based architecture that simplifies development compared to AngularJS 1.x. Components are now the primary means to define elements and logic, combining the previous concepts of directives, controllers, and scope into a unified structure. For developers transitioning from AngularJS 1.x, tools like ngUpgrade and ngForward facilitate integration with Angular 2, although there are still cautionary factors to consider due to its beta status and ongoing development.