Thesis defense of al aqsa mosque history

1. RESEARCH WORK.
ARCHITECTURAL STUDIO-IV.
SUBMITTED BY:
SHAIZA SALEEM.
ROLL NO.: 2225103035.
MOSQUE.
• A Place Of Prostration.
• During prayer, Muslims briefly kneel and
touch their brows to the ground as a sign
of submission to the will of God.
• The mosque serves as a sacred space for
communal prayers, spiritual reflection,
and community gatherings.
Sultan Ahmed Mosque (Blue
Mosque): Located in
Istanbul, Turkey, this
mosque is a grand structure
with six towering minarets,
five main domes, and eight
smaller domes. The interior
is adorned with 20,000 hand-
painted tiles.
Sheikh Zayed Grand
Mosque: The design
and architecture can
be seen with the 82
domes and over 1,000
columns containing
marble stone, gold,
semi-precious stones,
crystals, and ceramics.
Nasir al-Mulk
Mosque: Also
known as the ‘Pink
Mosque’, this 19th-
century mosque in
Iran captures the
eye with its
striking stained-
glass windows,
intricately painted
rose-coloured tiles,
and carved pillars.
Putra Mosque: This is
the first mosque that
features solar panel
cells, WiFi connection,
and electronic Qurans.
Hassan II Mosque: Hassan II Mosque
will impress you with its nearly 700-
foot minaret–the tallest in the world
(that is topped by a laser pointing
towards Mecca).
Al-Haram Mosque: Al-Haram
Mosque is located in the city of
Mecca in Saudi Arabia. The
Sacred Mosque covering a
colossal 400,800 square meters,
where it can accommodate up
to four million people during
Hajj, the annual Islamic
pilgrimage and a mandatory
religious duty for Muslims
HISTORY.
• The first mosques were modeled after the
Prophet Muhammad's place of worship.
• Initially, a mosque was merely sand dunes
designated as holy ground.
• Architectural changes occurred over time, but
the essence remained: an open space for prayer.
Prophet Muhammad's place of worship.
Characterizedbyaforestofcolumns
supportingtheroof,oftenarranged
aroundawide-opencourtyard.
ischaracterizedbyalargecourtyard
surroundedbymonumentalarchedhalls
calledivansoneachwall.
Anarrowtowerwithabalconyorgallery
whereamuezzincallsthefaithfultoprayer.
Minaretsvaryinheight,style.
Alargegovernment-controlledmosque.
Itservesasthecenterofworshipforthe
community andhostsFridayprayers.
TYPES.
Hypostyle Mosque.
Four Iwan Mosque.
Data collection
Jamia Mosque.
Data collection
Data collection
Minarets Mosque..
ARCHITECTURAL
FEATURES.
• Miḥrāb: A semicircular niche inside the
mosque.It points towards the Qiblah, the
direction of Mecca.
• Minbar: The minbar is located to the right
of the miḥrāb, used by the preacher (khaṭīb) to
preach.
• Mats: Covering the floor of a mosque, where
rows of worshipers perform prayers (ṣalāt)
under the direction of the imam.
• Minarets: The minaret adjacent to the
mosque, used by the muezzin (muʾadhdhin) to
call believers to prayer (adhān).
• Place for Ablution: Usually attached to a
mosque, it contains running water for ritual
purification before prayer.
MINBAR, MIHRAB, PRAYING MATS.
MINERATS.
ABLUTION AREA.
Hypostyle Mosque. Four Iwan Mosque.
Minarets Mosque.. Jamia Mosque.
CONTEMPORARY
ARCHITECTURE.
• Contemporary architecture is the architecture of the 21st century and no single style will predominate.
• They range from postmodern and high-tech architecture to reinterpretations of traditional architecture.
• Contemporary architecture is often characterized by unconventional forms, innovative materials, and sustainable building
methods.
• New computer-aided design techniques are also being used, allowing for more accurate and faster construction.
CONTEMPORARY
ARCHITECTURE’
ELEMENTS.
Contemporary mosques blend old-age religious
traditions with modern design principles. Here are some key
characteristics of contemporary mosque architecture:
• Incorporating Tradition and Modernity:
- Contemporary mosques often involve features
characteristic of both traditional and modern styles.
- Architects creatively reinterpret Islamic geometric patterns
in abstracted forms.
- Regional architectural elements are blended with
modernist or postmodernist design principles.
• Architectural Elements:
- Sculptural Forms: Contemporary mosques may feature
sculptural domes, unique roof designs, and innovative spatial
arrangements.
- Minimalist Aesthetics: Clean lines, simplicity, and
minimalist detailing characterize modern mosque designs.
- Integration with Nature: Many contemporary mosques
emphasize natural light, open spaces, and connections to the
surrounding environment.
- Materials: Use of modern materials like glass, steel, and
concrete alongside traditional materials like stone and wood.
- Spatial Flexibility: Contemporary mosques adapt to
various functions beyond worship, such as community events
and educational programs.

2. CASE STUDIES.
ARCHITECTURAL STUDIO-IV.
SUBMITTED BY:
SHAIZA SALEEM.
ROLL NO.: 2225103035.

3. LITERATURE
REVIEW.
Examining the viewpoints of
mosques from history to display.
0
1

4. STANDARD MEASURMENTS.
SAFF
PLACEM
ENT.
REQUIR
MENTS
FOR
ANTHPROM
ANTH
PROM
ETRY.
ANTHPROM
2’
-
1
”
2’
-
2
”
2’ 2’ 4’ 4’
4’ 0’

5. NATIONAL
CASE STUDY.
A detailed study of the mosque
and all its aspects including its
uniqueness.
0
2

6. “This is a quote. Words full of
wisdom that someone
important said and can make
the reader get inspired.”
—Someone Famous

7. Jupiter’s rotation period
9h 55m 23s
333,000
The Sun’s mass compared to Earth’s
386,000 km
Distance between Earth and the Moon

8. Awesome
words

9. 2 3
1
Situation & problems statement
Current
situation
Jupiter
is a
gas
Earth
Earth is the third
planet from the
Sun and has life
Mars
Despite being red,
Mars is actually a
cold place
Mercury
Mercury is the
smallest planet in
the Solar System
Problems

10. 2
3
1
Hypotheses
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System. Is only
a bit larger than the Moon. This planet’s name has nothing to do with the liquid metal
Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot—even
hotter than Mercury—and its atmosphere is extremely poisonous
Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System. It's the fourth-brightest
object in the night sky. It was named after the Roman god of the skies and lightning
Hypothesis 1
Hypothesis 2
Hypothesis 3

11. Study objectives
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun and the
smallest of them all
Venus has a beautiful
name and is the second
planet from the Sun
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place. It’s
full of iron oxide dust
Mercury Venus Mars

12. Reviewing concepts is a good idea
Mars is actually a very
cold place
Venus has extremely
high temperatures
Mercury
Venus
Mars
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun
Saturn is a gas giant
and has several rings
Neptune is the
farthest planet from
the Sun
Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all
Neptune
Saturn Jupiter

13. Literature review
● AUTHOR. (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher
○ Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System
● AUTHOR. (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher
○ Mars is full of iron oxide dust, which gives the planet its reddish cast
● AUTHOR. (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher
○ Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System
● AUTHOR. (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher
○ Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun
● AUTHOR. (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher
○ Earth is the third planet from the Sun and harbors life

14. Theoretical framework
Theoretical framework
Key terms Relevant theories
● Merc
ury is
small
Our
framework
Venu
s has
Theory 1
Saturn
is
compos
ed
mostly
of
hydroge
Theory 2
Neptun
e is an
ice
giant
and the
farthest

15. Schedule
Task Description Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul
Ta
sk
1
Mercu
ry is
very
small
Jan 1
- Mar
5

16. Analysis & development
● Venus has a beautiful name and is the
second planet from the Sun. It’s
terribly hot—even hotter than Mercury
● Saturn is a gas giant and has several
rings. This planet is composed mostly
of hydrogen and helium
● Earth is the third planet from the Sun
and the only one that harbors life in
the Solar System
● Mercury is the closest planet to the
Sun and the smallest one in the Solar
System—it’s a bit larger than the Moon
● Jupiter is a gas giant, the biggest
planet in the Solar System and the
fourth-brightest object in the night sky
● Neptune is the farthest planet from
the Sun. It's also the fourth-largest
planet by diameter in the Solar System
Phase 01 Phase 02

17. Venus
Ven
us
Analysis & development
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here
Mercury
It’s
the
Mercury is
the closest
planet to
the Sun

18. Analysis of the results
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here
Believers
Non-
believers
2XXX 60% 40%
2XXX 73% 27%
2XXX 85% 15%

19. Elderly
Adults
Al-aqsa mosque visitors
Despi
te
Merc
ury is
the
108M visitors a year
25%
75%

20. 2
1
Discussion
Despite
being red,
Mars is
actually a
Mars Discussion 1
Mercur
y is the
closest
planet
Discussion 2
Venus
has a

21. Conclusions
Despite being red, Mars is actually a
cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust
Venus has a very beautiful name
and is the second planet from the
Sun
It’s the closest planet to the Sun and
the smallest one in the Solar System
Neptune is the fourth-largest planet
by diameter in the Solar System
Mars Venus
Mercury Neptune

22. Bibliographical references
Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher

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