Age Of Exploration
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The document discusses the Age of Exploration and its global impacts from the 15th-17th centuries. European powers like Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, France and England raced to explore and colonize new lands, seeking wealth from spices and other goods. They established overseas empires through military conquest and economic domination, introducing Christianity and devastating indigenous populations with diseases and slavery. Imperialism expanded nations' authority worldwide through territorial gains and political/economic control of foreign peoples.
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This document discusses European imperialism in the Americas beginning in the 15th century. It describes how Christopher Columbus' discovery of the Caribbean and South America led other European powers like Spain and Portugal to explore and claim territories in the region. The Treaty of Tordesillas divided control of the newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal. European powers viewed indigenous peoples as inferior, fueling exploitation and destruction of native empires and cultures through slavery and forced labor. Imperialism supported the establishment of colonies and trade networks but came at tremendous human and social costs for indigenous populations.
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1) Certain geographical factors, like climate and available crops and animals, gave some civilizations advantages over others, allowing some to flourish while others declined.
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Europeans explored for several key reasons:
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Age of Exploration Power Point
The Age of Exploration was a time period when Europeans began extensively exploring the world through advances in shipbuilding, navigation, and sailing technology. Countries like Portugal and Spain led this exploration, with Portugal finding routes around Africa to India and Spain's Christopher Columbus accidentally discovering the Americas while seeking a western route to Asia. This exploration led to massive exchanges of plants, animals, technologies, and diseases between the Old World and New World, as well as the rise of the transatlantic slave trade through the "Triangular Trade" system between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
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Europeans explored the world during the Age of Exploration for several key reasons: to find a sea route to Asia to access lucrative spices more easily; to obtain gold, silver, and precious stones to fund expensive wars; to expand their geographical and scientific knowledge of distant lands; to spread Christianity to new regions; and to establish larger colonial empires and claim more territory and resources.
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The document discusses the rise and fall of European empires between the 16th-18th centuries. It describes how the Spanish empire grew large but faced economic troubles due to inflation from pursuing gold. This led to losses of territory like Brazil to the Dutch. It also notes that new navigation technologies enabled further European expansion overseas. The British colonies in America were built largely through slavery despite claims of liberty, and slavery remained common elsewhere like Brazil into the late 19th century.
Theme 2: Big History
1) The document discusses several factors that contributed to the success and expansion of empires, including spreading ideas and cultural/technological innovations which led to diversity in culture, language, and trade.
2) Warfare is discussed as being driven by the pursuit of power and eventually leading to colonization with the supreme authority belonging to whoever had the most power.
3) European powers realized that controlling seas and trade, rather than land and people, was key to the future and could help reduce conflict.
Spanish conquer the Inca
When the Spanish conquistador Pizarro arrived in Peru in the early 16th century, the Inca Empire was in the midst of a civil war between two brothers vying for control of their father's kingdom; Atahualpa had defeated his brother Huascar and claimed the throne. Pizarro took advantage of the exhausted and weakened Inca forces under Atahualpa, capturing the Inca ruler in 1532; over the following half century, the Spanish fought Inca revolts and eventually conquered the remnants of the empire, while new diseases devastated the native population, reducing it from 32 million to just 5 million between 1520 and 1548.
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The document discusses seven myths of the Spanish conquest of the New World, specifically focusing on the myth of completion. It explains that for political, economic, and social reasons, it was advantageous for the conquistadors to declare their wars completed and exaggerate their victories, even though in reality many native cultures survived and continued resisting Spanish colonization for a long time. By presenting the conquest as finished, the conquistadors could avoid punishment for failing to achieve success and encourage further Spanish colonization despite the ongoing threat from native groups.
The encounter
The document discusses the Americas before Columbus, including that there were over 50 million indigenous people with complex cultures and trade networks but no metal technology or large domesticated animals. It then focuses on the Aztec Empire, describing them as skilled warriors who conquered surrounding peoples and captured enemies for sacrifice. It notes that Hernan Cortes conquered the Aztecs by 1521 with the help of native allies and the smallpox epidemic. The document also briefly discusses Moctezuma II, the Aztec ruler held prisoner by the conquistadores, and the Columbian Exchange that resulted from contact between the Old and New Worlds.
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This document summarizes key points from Chapter 7 of the book "Changing Interpretations: Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest" regarding the myth of Spanish superiority over indigenous peoples. It discusses how superiority was used to justify the conquest, but rejects this, noting that disease, native disunity, Spanish steel and culture of war better explain the conquest's outcome, though an uneven introduction of resources also impacted it.
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The document summarizes the major events of the Age of Early European Explorations and Conquests from the 15th to 17th centuries. It describes early explorations by the Portuguese along the west coast of Africa which led to the establishment of the Portuguese Maritime Empire. It also discusses Christopher Columbus' four voyages to the Americas and the beginning of conquests of Native American civilizations like the Aztecs and Incas by the Spanish. The document outlines the establishment of the trans-Atlantic slave trade and its triangular route between Europe, Africa, and the Americas which had devastating impacts on African societies.
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During the Renaissance period, European explorers and navigators embarked on voyages of travel and exploration for reasons of gold, glory, and spreading Christianity. Technological advances like the compass and new ship designs like the caravel enabled these explorers to venture farther than ever before. Some of the most notable explorers of this era included Leif Ericsson, Marco Polo, Prince Henry the Navigator, Bartholomew Diaz, Christopher Columbus, Amerigo Vespucci, John and Sebastian Cabot, Vasco da Gama, Ferdinand Magellan, Hernando Cortes, and Francisco Pizarro. Their journeys expanded geographic and navigational knowledge and led to the Age of Discovery.
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The document summarizes the motives and means of European exploration and expansion in the 15th and 16th centuries. The three main motives were religion ("God"), profit ("Gold"), and increasing power and national pride ("Glory"). Key means included new technologies, powerful monarchs, and early leaders like Prince Henry and explorers like da Gama, Columbus, and Magellan. Their voyages established European control over trade with Asia and led to conquests in the Americas and the Columbian Exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between Europe and the Americas, transforming global societies and economies.
Age of European Exploration
During the 15th and 16th centuries, European explorers sailed to previously unknown parts of the world inspired by greed, curiosity, and glory. Key figures included Marco Polo, whose accounts of China intrigued Europeans, and Prince Henry of Portugal, who sponsored voyages down the coast of Africa. Major breakthroughs included Bartolomeu Dias rounding the Cape of Good Hope in 1488 and Vasco da Gama reaching India in 1498, establishing a direct trade route and bypassing Arab middlemen. Christopher Columbus' voyages to the Americas beginning in 1492 opened that part of the world to European colonization, though he did not achieve his goal of finding a direct route to Asia.
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The Age of Exploration was driven by improvements in sailing technology and the policy of mercantilism. Europeans began extensively exploring and colonizing other parts of the world. Key explorers included Bartolomeu Dias, who sailed around the Cape of Good Hope; Vasco da Gama, who found the trade route to India by sea; Ferdinand Magellan, whose crew completed the first circumnavigation of the globe; Christopher Columbus, who sought a western route to Asia but found the Americas instead, launching the massive Columbian Exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between the hemispheres; and the establishment of the triangular trade route between Europe, Africa, and the Americas, which centered on the slave trade.
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The document discusses the motivations of early explorers who traveled to the Americas from Europe. There were generally three main motivations: finding gold which could make explorers rich; seeking glory and fame through adventure and discovery; and spreading their religious beliefs, as religion was very important at the time. Explorers took huge risks for the potential of a big reward in one of these three areas.
Europe Reasons For Exploration
Europeans explored for several key reasons:
1) Spices were highly valued but could only be obtained from Asia, so European rulers sought a sea route to access spices more cheaply and make their countries wealthy.
2) Gold represented wealth and power, and explorers hoped to find gold in new lands to enrich their home nations.
3) Powerful monarchs like the Kings of Spain and Portugal wanted to expand their empires across new territories for resources and slave labor to increase their dominance.
Age of Exploration Power Point
The Age of Exploration was a time period when Europeans began extensively exploring the world through advances in shipbuilding, navigation, and sailing technology. Countries like Portugal and Spain led this exploration, with Portugal finding routes around Africa to India and Spain's Christopher Columbus accidentally discovering the Americas while seeking a western route to Asia. This exploration led to massive exchanges of plants, animals, technologies, and diseases between the Old World and New World, as well as the rise of the transatlantic slave trade through the "Triangular Trade" system between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
Why did Europeans explore the world?
Europeans explored the world during the Age of Exploration for several key reasons: to find a sea route to Asia to access lucrative spices more easily; to obtain gold, silver, and precious stones to fund expensive wars; to expand their geographical and scientific knowledge of distant lands; to spread Christianity to new regions; and to establish larger colonial empires and claim more territory and resources.
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Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
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Age Of Exploration
- 4. $1/lb $10/lb X Caravel Astrolabe Sextant Compass
- 5. Age of Exploration Who's Who circumnavigate New World
- 7. Cloves Nutmeg Ginger Pepper
- 8. Pagan Kingdom Khmer Kingdom
- 9. Portuguese Dutch Spanish French English
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- 12. plantations
- 13. 11 million enslaved/2million killed
- 16. Imperialism Imperialism - 1 st the forceful extension of a nation's authority by territorial conquest establishing economic and political domination of other nations 2 nd the attitude of superiority, subordination and dominion over foreign people.