Luka Bulus Achi: Access to land and security to land tenure in Nigeria. A presentation at the TheIU.org 2013 Conference 'Economics for Conscious Evolution', London, UK, July 2013.
The document discusses the political economy of land and conflicts. It notes that securing land rights for all can help prevent and manage conflicts, as land is a source of livelihoods, wealth and a driver of power struggles. Understanding the various interests in land use and how competing claims are resolved is important. It emphasizes understanding shifting centers of power and interest groups, as well as considering women's land rights equally. A political economy lens is crucial, especially in contexts of poverty, weak governance and injustice, which can fuel conflicts over inequitable access to land resources. Legitimate dispute resolution mechanisms tailored to local contexts can help bridge divides and reconcile competing land claims.
LOOKING BEYOND THE OBVIOUS: Uncovering the features of natural resource confl...CAPRi
This document analyzes natural resource conflicts in Uganda and their resolution. It finds that greater poverty increases conflicts over private land boundaries but decreases other conflicts, while low literacy increases common land conflicts. Higher population density and private land/water conflicts lead to formal conflict resolution, while customary institutions resolve common land disputes. The study concludes that formal institutions effectively resolve most reported conflicts in Uganda, but customary institutions also have an important role, especially for the poor. It recommends supporting formal institutions while exploring how to strengthen and integrate customary systems into conflict resolution.
The document provides background information on women's land rights in Uganda. It discusses how women currently face challenges in accessing and owning land despite contributing significantly to agricultural production. It notes that Uganda's constitution prohibits discrimination but cultural traditions have suppressed women's land ownership. The document then outlines the project conducted by Uganda Land Alliance to document success stories of women who fought for their land rights. Key points included interviewing women, community members, and local leaders in 8 districts to understand their experiences and perspectives. The overall goal was to increase awareness of women's ability to demand fulfillment of their land rights.
Synthesis Paper Indigenous peoples’ rights to lands, territories and resources Dr Lendy Spires
This document summarizes indigenous peoples' rights to lands, territories, and resources under international law. It discusses key elements of these rights as defined in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and ILO Convention No. 169. These include rights to territories and natural resources, as well as collective land rights based on traditional occupation. The document also examines challenges faced by indigenous peoples in different regions and recommends that the International Land Coalition adopt a specific policy and targeted initiatives to support indigenous land rights.
The Promise and Feasibility of Realizing Community Land Rights in KenyaKevin M. Doyle
Presentation given by Kevin M. Doyle at a Seminar at the Institute for Poverty, Land and Agrarian Studies, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa, July 30, 2013
The Outbreak of Peace: Communal Land Management and Traditional Governance in...CAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
The document discusses artisanal mining in indigenous lands and the interactions between indigenous peoples, artisanal miners, and governments. It provides context on increasing demand for minerals, economic drivers of artisanal mining, and increasing indigenous empowerment. Case studies from Bolivia, Suriname, Brazil, and best practices from some large-scale mining companies are examined. Key questions are raised about whether artisanal mining can support indigenous development and how impacts can be better managed.
The document discusses the political economy of land and conflicts. It notes that securing land rights for all can help prevent and manage conflicts, as land is a source of livelihoods, wealth and a driver of power struggles. Understanding the various interests in land use and how competing claims are resolved is important. It emphasizes understanding shifting centers of power and interest groups, as well as considering women's land rights equally. A political economy lens is crucial, especially in contexts of poverty, weak governance and injustice, which can fuel conflicts over inequitable access to land resources. Legitimate dispute resolution mechanisms tailored to local contexts can help bridge divides and reconcile competing land claims.
LOOKING BEYOND THE OBVIOUS: Uncovering the features of natural resource confl...CAPRi
This document analyzes natural resource conflicts in Uganda and their resolution. It finds that greater poverty increases conflicts over private land boundaries but decreases other conflicts, while low literacy increases common land conflicts. Higher population density and private land/water conflicts lead to formal conflict resolution, while customary institutions resolve common land disputes. The study concludes that formal institutions effectively resolve most reported conflicts in Uganda, but customary institutions also have an important role, especially for the poor. It recommends supporting formal institutions while exploring how to strengthen and integrate customary systems into conflict resolution.
The document provides background information on women's land rights in Uganda. It discusses how women currently face challenges in accessing and owning land despite contributing significantly to agricultural production. It notes that Uganda's constitution prohibits discrimination but cultural traditions have suppressed women's land ownership. The document then outlines the project conducted by Uganda Land Alliance to document success stories of women who fought for their land rights. Key points included interviewing women, community members, and local leaders in 8 districts to understand their experiences and perspectives. The overall goal was to increase awareness of women's ability to demand fulfillment of their land rights.
Synthesis Paper Indigenous peoples’ rights to lands, territories and resources Dr Lendy Spires
This document summarizes indigenous peoples' rights to lands, territories, and resources under international law. It discusses key elements of these rights as defined in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and ILO Convention No. 169. These include rights to territories and natural resources, as well as collective land rights based on traditional occupation. The document also examines challenges faced by indigenous peoples in different regions and recommends that the International Land Coalition adopt a specific policy and targeted initiatives to support indigenous land rights.
The Promise and Feasibility of Realizing Community Land Rights in KenyaKevin M. Doyle
Presentation given by Kevin M. Doyle at a Seminar at the Institute for Poverty, Land and Agrarian Studies, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa, July 30, 2013
The Outbreak of Peace: Communal Land Management and Traditional Governance in...CAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
The document discusses artisanal mining in indigenous lands and the interactions between indigenous peoples, artisanal miners, and governments. It provides context on increasing demand for minerals, economic drivers of artisanal mining, and increasing indigenous empowerment. Case studies from Bolivia, Suriname, Brazil, and best practices from some large-scale mining companies are examined. Key questions are raised about whether artisanal mining can support indigenous development and how impacts can be better managed.
Yokohama 21st nuclear projects in indiaxisr mumbai
The document summarizes information about India, including its population, government structure, energy sources, and regional power generation. It then discusses issues with large infrastructure projects like lack of transparency, environmental and health impacts, and forced land acquisition. It notes such projects can impoverish communities by restricting livelihoods and access to resources. Finally, it provides examples of both peaceful and violent protests against specific projects like Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant and Omkareshwar Dam.
Social housing in Africa: Turning difficulties into opportunities. Social housing aims at providing affordable housing and solve the inequality housing issues. It can solve the severe housing shortage in Africa. For more details regarding the subject, visit our zine website at: https://www.drmprefab.com/xquy
You can also read our slideshare presentations at http://www.slideshare.net/DRMinv
This plenary session will discuss land management for smart cities. As land is a limited resource that is in high demand, especially in urban areas, smart cities require smart land management mechanisms. The focus will be on efficiently and equitably procuring land for public purposes. Various methods for acquiring and developing land will be covered, including bulk acquisition, land assembly, guided urban development, land reservation, transfer of development rights, and cluster redevelopment. The complex system of land management in India will be examined, including the over 284 state legislations and how state and local mechanisms operate within this framework. Questions will address how state mechanisms work, what partnerships and legislation are used, and how private players can be better integrated to support land procurement and
(8th lecture) introduction to rural sociologyMarina Hanna
The document discusses land tenure systems and changes to agricultural land holdings in Egypt. It describes the main types of land tenure as private, public, trust/waqf, and encroachment. It outlines the shift from unequal distribution of large and small holdings prior to 1952 to reforms limiting individual ownership. Fragmentation and dispersal of holdings has increased the number of small owners. The impacts of climate change on Egyptian agriculture are also summarized, including vulnerability of coastal zones, water resources, and agriculture to rising temperatures and drought.
Shanty towns, also known as slums or squatter settlements, are informal settlements made up of improvised housing like scrap wood, metal, and plastic sheets. They are typically located on the outskirts of cities in poor countries or on derelict urban land. Over one billion people worldwide live in shanty towns, with the largest being in Karachi, Pakistan, Nairobi, Kenya, and Mumbai, India. Living conditions are often unsanitary and cramped, with multiple families sharing small shacks that may lack windows, beds, or electricity. Shanty towns hinder development by occupying valuable state land without infrastructure, and relying on marginal jobs like child labor that infringe on rights. Governments aim to incorporate
ICLG 2010 (Mohajane & Diale Final Version)Abel Diale
This document discusses strategic considerations for low-cost housing delivery in South Africa, using the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality as a case study. It provides background on the history of unequal racial housing policies in South Africa and the current legislative framework and national policies aimed at addressing the massive housing backlog. The study investigated challenges facing delivery of low-cost housing. It found that while over 1.5 million homes have been built since 1994, an additional 2-3 million are still needed. Developers have shied away from low-cost housing due to low profits and risks. The document concludes with recommendations for improving the delivery of low-cost housing.
Zimbabwe's Land and Agrarian Policy: A Sustainable Livelihoods Approachtchagutah
The document discusses Zimbabwe's land and agrarian policy since independence in 1980. It analyzes the policy using the sustainable livelihoods approach, which sees poverty as related to lack of assets and insecure living conditions. The policy initially used market-based land acquisition but then shifted to expropriation to acquire more suitable land for resettlement. Beneficiary selection recognized assets beyond agriculture. However, resettlement sometimes broke social bonds and placed people in areas lacking infrastructure, impacting livelihoods.
Globalization is a process of increasing interconnectedness between societies around the world through the international exchange of goods, services, money, ideas and culture. This has led to traditional societies merging to form a more homogeneous global society. While globalization has increased communication of ideas like democracy and human rights, it has also contributed to issues like unequal wealth distribution, global terrorism, and environmental damage. Debates around balancing the advantages and disadvantages of globalization continue.
Protecting community lands and natural resourcesIIED
This is a presentation by David Arach, the community land protection program's East Africa program officer at Namati, introducing Namati's approach to community land protection, focusing on the key stage of community by-laws drafting.
The presentation was made during a webinar hosted by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) on 16 November 2016 discussing how communities can use by-laws to secure their land rights.
A video featuring Arach explaining his presentation during the webinar is available in the third slide or via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SnjY5mQVXio.
More details: http://www.iied.org/using-community-laws-protect-indigenous-rural-land-rights
The document summarizes vulnerability factors that exacerbate the impacts of typhoons like Ondoy in the Philippines. It notes that around 15 million people, or 32.9% of the population of 92 million, live below the poverty line and are vulnerable. Population density is high at 307 people per square kilometer. Socioeconomic development is moderate with a HDI of 0.638. The country has early warning systems but building codes are voluntary. Preparing for disasters, the government sets up rain gauges and communities evacuate at-risk areas and prepare emergency supplies when typhoons are forecast.
Legal, policy and institutional reforms necessary in order to safeguard and ...John Barasa
This document discusses legal, policy, and institutional reforms needed in Kenya to protect indigenous peoples' access to land and land-based resources. It notes that indigenous groups face challenges including marginalization and lack of recognition by the government. While Kenya's 2010 constitution aims to address these issues, indigenous communities continue to suffer evictions from ancestral lands due to uncertainty in laws and policies. The document calls for strengthening land tenure security and customary land rights for indigenous peoples through legal reforms, policy changes, and court rulings that are compliant with international human rights standards of free, prior, and informed consent.
This document provides summaries of 4 policy briefs about customary land tenure in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Vietnam. Each policy brief discusses the background of customary tenure in the country, the current regulatory framework, challenges, and opportunities and recommendations. Key challenges include the lack of formal recognition and protection of customary land rights, resulting in land conflicts and displacement. Opportunities lie in strengthening legal frameworks, improving communal land titling processes, and recognizing customary rights in protected area management and land use planning. The briefs aim to inform policy dialogue on improving customary tenure security in Southeast Asia.
The document discusses global citizenship and defines it as citizenship on a global level according to Wikipedia. It then discusses apartheid in South Africa, where racial segregation and discrimination were officially implemented through legislation classifying inhabitants into racial groups. Black South Africans had their citizenship stripped and were given inferior services to white South Africans. The document concludes by stating that global citizens should help provide education to countries lacking it and promote equality worldwide.
The document discusses differing views on human rights and solidarity through nationalism versus cosmopolitanism. It also examines the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) which commits parties to ensuring rights like adequate living standards, health, education, and culture. The ICESCR aims to protect rights without discrimination and requires regular state reporting on implementation efforts.
Egypt is located in North Africa along the Mediterranean Sea and has a population that is densely concentrated along the Nile River basin, making it one of the most populous countries in Africa. Egypt has a republic political system that aims to be democratic in nature and outlines the structure of its public authorities.
The document discusses women's access to and control over land in Bangladesh. It notes that while women contribute significantly to agricultural work, 48% are deprived of land access. The legal and policy framework provides some inheritance rights but discriminates against women. Significant challenges to women's land ownership include discriminatory social norms, lack of education, land grabbing by elites, and lack of implementation of protective laws and policies. Case studies show that collective organization and advocacy can help women establish land rights. The document calls for mainstreaming gender in land reform programs, strengthening legal protections, further research, and empowering civil society organizations to protect women's land rights.
Whose Land is this Anyways? The role of collective action in maintaining comm...CAPRi
The document discusses a case study of land conflict in Kbal Damrei Commune in Cambodia between a local community and a company that was granted an Economic Land Concession. The conflict was caused by a lack of coordination between government agencies that led to overlapping claims on the land by the community and company. The conflict initially strengthened collective action by the community to protest the land clearing by the company. However, collective action also played a positive role in managing the conflict by helping the community secure their rights to a social and environmental impact assessment and public consultation regarding the land concession. While collective action helped, support from external mediators was still needed to resolve the conflict in this case.
The document discusses key aspects of the nation-state model that emerged in the 20th century. It outlines four main points: 1) Sovereignty became the hallmark of nation-states, giving them supreme internal and external power over their territory and policies. 2) Nationalism strengthened nation-states by fostering citizens' identification and loyalty to their state. 3) Territorial integrity and impermeability became crucial to defining nation-states and protecting their sovereign borders. 4) International law recognized all nation-states as equally sovereign regardless of other attributes.
1) Land tenure systems in Africa began changing rapidly in the 2000s due to increases in agricultural land values, pressure from agribusiness for large-scale farming, and urbanization. These changes often reduced women's secondary rights to forest and tree products.
2) In response, policies aimed to formalize women's land rights, such as joint ownership and including women in land dispute tribunals. Randomized controlled trials also evaluated these policies.
3) Anthropological studies show that as meanings around land ownership changed, from individual to household control for example, women's access changed too. Social identities, like what it means to be a wife, also influenced women's land rights as marriage patterns changed.
Hybrid Land administration-Nelga Webinar 30 Sept 2021.pdfAvhatakaliSithagu
This was a presentation made at the NELGA ( The Network of Excellence on land Governance) Webinar on the 30th of September 2021.
The presentation discussed hybrid land administration systems in rural municipalities in South Africa.
Yokohama 21st nuclear projects in indiaxisr mumbai
The document summarizes information about India, including its population, government structure, energy sources, and regional power generation. It then discusses issues with large infrastructure projects like lack of transparency, environmental and health impacts, and forced land acquisition. It notes such projects can impoverish communities by restricting livelihoods and access to resources. Finally, it provides examples of both peaceful and violent protests against specific projects like Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant and Omkareshwar Dam.
Social housing in Africa: Turning difficulties into opportunities. Social housing aims at providing affordable housing and solve the inequality housing issues. It can solve the severe housing shortage in Africa. For more details regarding the subject, visit our zine website at: https://www.drmprefab.com/xquy
You can also read our slideshare presentations at http://www.slideshare.net/DRMinv
This plenary session will discuss land management for smart cities. As land is a limited resource that is in high demand, especially in urban areas, smart cities require smart land management mechanisms. The focus will be on efficiently and equitably procuring land for public purposes. Various methods for acquiring and developing land will be covered, including bulk acquisition, land assembly, guided urban development, land reservation, transfer of development rights, and cluster redevelopment. The complex system of land management in India will be examined, including the over 284 state legislations and how state and local mechanisms operate within this framework. Questions will address how state mechanisms work, what partnerships and legislation are used, and how private players can be better integrated to support land procurement and
(8th lecture) introduction to rural sociologyMarina Hanna
The document discusses land tenure systems and changes to agricultural land holdings in Egypt. It describes the main types of land tenure as private, public, trust/waqf, and encroachment. It outlines the shift from unequal distribution of large and small holdings prior to 1952 to reforms limiting individual ownership. Fragmentation and dispersal of holdings has increased the number of small owners. The impacts of climate change on Egyptian agriculture are also summarized, including vulnerability of coastal zones, water resources, and agriculture to rising temperatures and drought.
Shanty towns, also known as slums or squatter settlements, are informal settlements made up of improvised housing like scrap wood, metal, and plastic sheets. They are typically located on the outskirts of cities in poor countries or on derelict urban land. Over one billion people worldwide live in shanty towns, with the largest being in Karachi, Pakistan, Nairobi, Kenya, and Mumbai, India. Living conditions are often unsanitary and cramped, with multiple families sharing small shacks that may lack windows, beds, or electricity. Shanty towns hinder development by occupying valuable state land without infrastructure, and relying on marginal jobs like child labor that infringe on rights. Governments aim to incorporate
ICLG 2010 (Mohajane & Diale Final Version)Abel Diale
This document discusses strategic considerations for low-cost housing delivery in South Africa, using the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality as a case study. It provides background on the history of unequal racial housing policies in South Africa and the current legislative framework and national policies aimed at addressing the massive housing backlog. The study investigated challenges facing delivery of low-cost housing. It found that while over 1.5 million homes have been built since 1994, an additional 2-3 million are still needed. Developers have shied away from low-cost housing due to low profits and risks. The document concludes with recommendations for improving the delivery of low-cost housing.
Zimbabwe's Land and Agrarian Policy: A Sustainable Livelihoods Approachtchagutah
The document discusses Zimbabwe's land and agrarian policy since independence in 1980. It analyzes the policy using the sustainable livelihoods approach, which sees poverty as related to lack of assets and insecure living conditions. The policy initially used market-based land acquisition but then shifted to expropriation to acquire more suitable land for resettlement. Beneficiary selection recognized assets beyond agriculture. However, resettlement sometimes broke social bonds and placed people in areas lacking infrastructure, impacting livelihoods.
Globalization is a process of increasing interconnectedness between societies around the world through the international exchange of goods, services, money, ideas and culture. This has led to traditional societies merging to form a more homogeneous global society. While globalization has increased communication of ideas like democracy and human rights, it has also contributed to issues like unequal wealth distribution, global terrorism, and environmental damage. Debates around balancing the advantages and disadvantages of globalization continue.
Protecting community lands and natural resourcesIIED
This is a presentation by David Arach, the community land protection program's East Africa program officer at Namati, introducing Namati's approach to community land protection, focusing on the key stage of community by-laws drafting.
The presentation was made during a webinar hosted by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) on 16 November 2016 discussing how communities can use by-laws to secure their land rights.
A video featuring Arach explaining his presentation during the webinar is available in the third slide or via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SnjY5mQVXio.
More details: http://www.iied.org/using-community-laws-protect-indigenous-rural-land-rights
The document summarizes vulnerability factors that exacerbate the impacts of typhoons like Ondoy in the Philippines. It notes that around 15 million people, or 32.9% of the population of 92 million, live below the poverty line and are vulnerable. Population density is high at 307 people per square kilometer. Socioeconomic development is moderate with a HDI of 0.638. The country has early warning systems but building codes are voluntary. Preparing for disasters, the government sets up rain gauges and communities evacuate at-risk areas and prepare emergency supplies when typhoons are forecast.
Legal, policy and institutional reforms necessary in order to safeguard and ...John Barasa
This document discusses legal, policy, and institutional reforms needed in Kenya to protect indigenous peoples' access to land and land-based resources. It notes that indigenous groups face challenges including marginalization and lack of recognition by the government. While Kenya's 2010 constitution aims to address these issues, indigenous communities continue to suffer evictions from ancestral lands due to uncertainty in laws and policies. The document calls for strengthening land tenure security and customary land rights for indigenous peoples through legal reforms, policy changes, and court rulings that are compliant with international human rights standards of free, prior, and informed consent.
This document provides summaries of 4 policy briefs about customary land tenure in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Vietnam. Each policy brief discusses the background of customary tenure in the country, the current regulatory framework, challenges, and opportunities and recommendations. Key challenges include the lack of formal recognition and protection of customary land rights, resulting in land conflicts and displacement. Opportunities lie in strengthening legal frameworks, improving communal land titling processes, and recognizing customary rights in protected area management and land use planning. The briefs aim to inform policy dialogue on improving customary tenure security in Southeast Asia.
The document discusses global citizenship and defines it as citizenship on a global level according to Wikipedia. It then discusses apartheid in South Africa, where racial segregation and discrimination were officially implemented through legislation classifying inhabitants into racial groups. Black South Africans had their citizenship stripped and were given inferior services to white South Africans. The document concludes by stating that global citizens should help provide education to countries lacking it and promote equality worldwide.
The document discusses differing views on human rights and solidarity through nationalism versus cosmopolitanism. It also examines the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) which commits parties to ensuring rights like adequate living standards, health, education, and culture. The ICESCR aims to protect rights without discrimination and requires regular state reporting on implementation efforts.
Egypt is located in North Africa along the Mediterranean Sea and has a population that is densely concentrated along the Nile River basin, making it one of the most populous countries in Africa. Egypt has a republic political system that aims to be democratic in nature and outlines the structure of its public authorities.
The document discusses women's access to and control over land in Bangladesh. It notes that while women contribute significantly to agricultural work, 48% are deprived of land access. The legal and policy framework provides some inheritance rights but discriminates against women. Significant challenges to women's land ownership include discriminatory social norms, lack of education, land grabbing by elites, and lack of implementation of protective laws and policies. Case studies show that collective organization and advocacy can help women establish land rights. The document calls for mainstreaming gender in land reform programs, strengthening legal protections, further research, and empowering civil society organizations to protect women's land rights.
Whose Land is this Anyways? The role of collective action in maintaining comm...CAPRi
The document discusses a case study of land conflict in Kbal Damrei Commune in Cambodia between a local community and a company that was granted an Economic Land Concession. The conflict was caused by a lack of coordination between government agencies that led to overlapping claims on the land by the community and company. The conflict initially strengthened collective action by the community to protest the land clearing by the company. However, collective action also played a positive role in managing the conflict by helping the community secure their rights to a social and environmental impact assessment and public consultation regarding the land concession. While collective action helped, support from external mediators was still needed to resolve the conflict in this case.
The document discusses key aspects of the nation-state model that emerged in the 20th century. It outlines four main points: 1) Sovereignty became the hallmark of nation-states, giving them supreme internal and external power over their territory and policies. 2) Nationalism strengthened nation-states by fostering citizens' identification and loyalty to their state. 3) Territorial integrity and impermeability became crucial to defining nation-states and protecting their sovereign borders. 4) International law recognized all nation-states as equally sovereign regardless of other attributes.
1) Land tenure systems in Africa began changing rapidly in the 2000s due to increases in agricultural land values, pressure from agribusiness for large-scale farming, and urbanization. These changes often reduced women's secondary rights to forest and tree products.
2) In response, policies aimed to formalize women's land rights, such as joint ownership and including women in land dispute tribunals. Randomized controlled trials also evaluated these policies.
3) Anthropological studies show that as meanings around land ownership changed, from individual to household control for example, women's access changed too. Social identities, like what it means to be a wife, also influenced women's land rights as marriage patterns changed.
Hybrid Land administration-Nelga Webinar 30 Sept 2021.pdfAvhatakaliSithagu
This was a presentation made at the NELGA ( The Network of Excellence on land Governance) Webinar on the 30th of September 2021.
The presentation discussed hybrid land administration systems in rural municipalities in South Africa.
The document discusses land issues in South Sudan. It summarizes views from the Chairperson of the South Sudan Land Commission and concerns from communities in Eastern Equatoria. While the Land Act states that all land belongs to the people of South Sudan, some communities remain unsure of what this means. The Chairperson explains that communal land is owned collectively by communities in perpetuity. However, communities worry about land conflicts, the missed February 16th deadline to reclaim land, and potential loss of land to investment without proper consultation. Over 50,000 people have been trained on the Land Act through efforts by Norwegian People's Aid and land alliances in each state.
This document contains a position paper submitted by a student assessing issues and concerns related to Indigenous Peoples (IP) in the Philippines. It discusses 5 issues: 1) Dulangan-Manobos being made laborers without pay in ARMM, 2) grabbing of ancestral lands by Moros and settlers, 3) illegal land titling by DENR to Moros, 4) threats to IP security along Moro barangay boundaries, and 5) harassment by Bangsamoro Islamic Federation Fighters. For each issue, the student provides their position and recommendations and cites relevant provisions from the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. They also provide sources to support their assessments.
The Maasai people in Kenya have faced human rights violations due to the Olkaria geothermal power project on their ancestral lands. While the project provides electricity, the Maasai have been forced to relocate to a smaller area of land without proper consultation or compensation. Their homes and livestock were destroyed by armed thugs in 2013. The geothermal project and relocation have threatened the Maasai's livelihoods and culture by reducing their land and forcing a change to their pastoralist way of life. A human rights-based approach is needed that recognizes the Maasai's land rights, ensures meaningful consultation, and establishes sustainable benefit-sharing arrangements to compensate for loss of livelihood and culture.
Everyone deserves a good home, and aspires to get one. In the world today, real estate is becoming lucrative for individuals, firms, and government at large. Everyone aspires to possess a piece of real estate that will increase in value quickly and generate income. During pre-colonial times, ancient societies possessed and distributed land using different processes across various geographic regions. This is where real estate originates.
After Nigeria gained her independence in 1960, there was an increasing demand for accommodation and infrastructure in urban areas. Developers’ bid to offer solutions to these demands led to the emergence of the real estate sector in Nigeria. And in 1980, the real estate housing sector witnessed a substantial change due to the introduction of structural adjustment strategies by the Nigerian government which led to economic liberalization and privatization. These changes prompted the private sectors such as Next Gear Homes to participate in real estate development. Subsequently, developers from the private sector began supplying Nigerians with housing, especially in urban areas.
A quick glance at how the city of Abuja became a major state where real estate thrives. Initially, Abuja was an underdeveloped state that had lots of vacant lands, until the capital city of Nigeria which was formerly Lagos moved to Abuja. This became a turning point for Abuja, as it began to gain relevance being the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria.
Land Grabs_What is the economic value of Certificates of Ownership and do the...heidi molloy
This document summarizes a research paper on land grabs and certificates of land ownership in Tanzania. It begins with an executive summary that outlines the paper's methodology, introduction on land grabs, discussion of the role of the state and codes of conduct. The main body of the paper discusses two schools of thought on land rights systems and applies the discussion to Tanzania's context. The paper concludes that strengthening one system over the other could negatively impact socio-economic outcomes and that the context in which land certificates are issued is important, as customary land rights alone may not protect against land grabs.
International investment in agriculture plays a vital role in development and poverty reduction. Investment can improve livelihoods and bring jobs, services, and infrastructure, but only if it is managed responsibly within the context of an effective regulatory framework. The recent record of investment in land shows it to be very different.
1) The document summarizes a study that investigated community members' knowledge, support, and perceived benefits of South Africa's post-apartheid land reform program in the rural Mtunzini area.
2) The study found that community members' knowledge of land reform predicts their support for the program, and their support depends on the expected benefits. They also perceive chiefs as having a role in land distribution.
3) Distributing land without financial support will not help beneficiaries. The study recommends more transparent education about land reform and policy to increase public support.
1. The document summarizes a presentation on recognizing indigenous customary land tenure in Cambodia. It discusses Cambodia's indigenous peoples, relevant national and international laws, CIPO's experience with communal land titling, and challenges faced.
2. Key points include an overview of Cambodia and its indigenous groups, laws recognizing customary tenure and collective ownership, the communal land titling process, and lessons learned from titled communities.
3. However, recognition of indigenous rights remains a struggle, with gaps between laws and development models negatively impacting indigenous communities through issues like land encroachment and lack of enforcement.
The document provides information about land administration and the Global Land Tool Network (GLTN). It discusses the historical developments that led to the establishment of GLTN, including efforts to promote pro-poor land policies and tenure approaches. The vision and mission of GLTN is outlined as working with partners to provide land tools and assistance to implement pro-poor, gender-sensitive land policies at scale. Key themes and initiatives of GLTN are described, including developing tools related to land rights, use planning, management, law and value capture. Cross-cutting issues and some of GLTN's partner organizations are also mentioned.
On 22nd May 2018, MCRB held a consultation in Yangon to obtain comments on the draft ‘Land Rights and Business in Myanmar’ briefing paper, an update of MCRB’s 2015 Land briefing paper. The presentations are available here. Reference was also made to the separate forthcoming paper on responsible investment and laws relating to agriculture plantations and land, which MCRB is coauthoring with Oxfam.
Read more: http://www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org/news/consultation-to-update-land-paper.html
This document provides an overview report on the constitutional, legislative and administrative protections of the rights of indigenous peoples in Nigeria. It examines three main indigenous groups in Nigeria - the Ogoni, Ijaw and Nomadic Fulani peoples. The report finds that while the Nigerian constitution prohibits discrimination, indigenous groups face issues regarding land and resource rights, environmental degradation, and lack of access to healthcare and education. The largest challenges identified are outdated laws like the Land Use Act of 1978 and Petroleum Acts of 1969 that vest control of lands and resources in the government instead of indigenous communities.
Public private partnership in land management a learning strategy for improvi...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a case study of land use change and transformation from rural to urban use in Tanzania. Specifically, it examines the process an investor, the Arusha Duluti Coffee Real Farm Estate Company, went through to transform its rural farmland into residential and other urban land uses. It describes the legal procedures for land ownership and declaration in Tanzania. It highlights the importance of public-private partnerships and stakeholder involvement in land use planning, cadastral surveys, and management to ensure sustainable and planned urban development.
Public private partnership in land management a learning strategy for improvi...Alexander Decker
This document examines public-private partnerships for land management in Tanzania using the case of Arusha Duluti Coffee Real Farm Estate Company. As the company sought to transform its rural agricultural land for urban development, it faced conflicts with local communities and difficulties complying with land use policy. The author argues public-private partnerships can help plan settlements, resolve conflicts, and support sustainable urban growth when rural areas become urbanized.
Public private partnership in land management a learning strategy for improvi...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on public-private partnerships for land management in Tanzania. It discusses the challenges of transforming rural land for urban uses, including conflicts over land ownership and use. It presents a case study of a large farm estate called Duluti Coffee Real Farm Estate that encountered issues when changing its land use designation. The document advocates that public-private partnerships and stakeholder involvement in planning can help reduce conflicts and ensure secure, planned urban development. Collaborating across public, private and local authorities can facilitate land surveys, rights allocation and infrastructure to support livable, hopeful cities.
The struggle continues uphold thr rights of indigenous peoplesDr Lendy Spires
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Luka Bulus Achi: Access to land and security to land tenure in Nigeria
1. Presented at the 28th
international union for
land value taxation conference:
Economics for conscious evaluation
24th
-28th
July 2013, London, UK
2. This paper is about some aspect of earth concerns
in Nigeria drawing experiences from Kaduna and
Abuja.
Nigeria is located in west Africa with nearly 1/5 of
the total population of Africa.
We run three tiers of government, Federal, State
and Local governments.
We are signatories to almost all Earth concerns
conventions and protocols.
We have over 200 environmental laws with
regional and local flavours.
Enforcement is however the major pit fall.
The state has over all say in land matters.
3. Before 1914:- customary and cultural land tenure system was
used, not written and authority derived from Chiefs, Emirs and
community leaders.
1914-1960:- colonial system and customary land tenure system
running concurrently. Where there is conflict of interest colonial
system had upper hand (European quarters ie GRA).
1960-1976:- same as above but customary land tenure restricted to
rural areas. Government would acquire land at will any where and
give statutory certificates of occupancy.
1976 to date:- the land use decree act 1978 provided that all land
be vested in the office of the governor and to be managed in the
interest of the public.
Compulsory acquisition introduced to enhance development.
Customary rights to be provided by local governments on rural land
only
Land can not be sold-only ones rights are transacted.
4. Temporary structures do not need planning permits
(permanent structures includes concrete and steel).
Person less than 21 years can not own right to land
Women are still discriminated against.
The statutory certificate of occupancy has more recognition
than any other right over land.
The process for a certificate of occupancy is quite
expensive and cumbersome
There is always discrimination against settlers/migrants.
Tenure for land use to a certificated owner is 99years and
nothing to a non-certificated owner.
5. 4th
largest city in Nigeria, well planned by Lord Lugard
with various land use systems in place.
Regarded as the political centre in the north, gate way
city to most northern states, proximity to Abuja.
Availability of infrastructure makes it a place of choice
to leave in.
Rapid development in the southern part towards
Abuja.
Ravage by religion and political crises since the early
80s, recently boko haram sect.
6. Social/cultural differentials in access to land-security
and safety becomes paramount in land acquisition.
The state unfortunately is transvers by river Kaduna –
forming a natural boundary between two extremes.
As a result, Land extortion, land hording and land
grabbing are now a resultant consequence.
The rich have all-use of money and position to acquire
land-get title and eject original owners.
These influence the formation of a group called
initiative for the support and promotion of human
settlement.
7. View land as a common gift to all man kind irrespective of race,
religion, gender or socio-economy status.
So far in Kaduna 19 cases have been handled.
8 where settled amicably through negotiations.
12 went to litigation, out of which 3 were settle out of court, we
obtained judgment for 2 while 5 are still in court.
Advocacy , empowerment, enlightenment, sensitization, mediation
and litigation.
Collaboration with legal aid council and human rights commission.
Pressuring local and state government to tax land, create land
records, give recognition to other forms of rights over land to ensure
security of tenure.
8. Very low level of literacy:- vast majority are ignorant of
their rights even when such rights clearly exist.
Fear and threat to life:- force most less privilege people
to abandon their land.
Capacity building for the initiative: – the NGO needs
further capacity building to cope with demand to assist.
If land is taxed appropriately this will create the incentive
not to acquire or hold land unnecessarily.
Giving legal value to other forms of title will enhance
access to capital for the development of land.
9. Abuja-federal capital city enveloped by an area referred to as the
federal capital territory was established about 35years ago in an area
with over 250 indigenous communities with a population of about
50,000
These communities were to be resettled outside the territory but it was
not implemented. Thus a problem arose as to what to do with these
communities.
Challenges include 1) land title status of both indigenes and settlers or
migrants. 2)Government view of indigenes/settlers is that they are either
temporary dwellers; illegal; squatters and just migrants with no locus
standing ( can be remove at a day’s notice).3)These communities and
groups live in fear, uncertainty and frustration. 4)They are striped of
their self esteem and their human right taken for a ride.
10. Creation of a common front to address issues at stake
Empowerment to regain respect and self esteem
Sensitization of all stake holders via town hall meetings
Encourage fairness and justice in access to land and
security of tenure via litigation
Collaborate with other NGOs to address associated
environmental and human related matters
Challenge the recent ‘land swap’ initiative of the FCTA(the
process involves bringing together labour, land, finance,
construction materials and governance in partnership with
the private sector)
Raise the issue of land taxation which is currently treated
with laxity
11. Pilot Scheme for
Irrigation of City
Quick Wins
Mass Housing Provision
Repairs of and New Vehicles
for security agencies
Mini Buses
Bus Shelters
Joint Operation to be Established
City greening
and flowering
Must Haves
Lows-Hanging Fruit
Green Energy Project
Money Pits
FCTA Restructuring
Abuja Geographic
Information System
FCTA Computerization
Parks Development
Open Schools in
Rural Areas
More Class Room/Labs
Sports Experts Academy
New Infrastructure
in Satellite Towns
Adverts
Intensive Agric. Dev.
Auto Pond Development/Sanitation
Close Circuit
Television
Allocation of 6000 Plot allottees
Improved Environ. Cleanness
House Numbering and Street Naming
Waste Disposal
transfer Stations
SMEs
60 bed Cottage hospital
at Nyanya, Deiedei
Removal of
Villagers in City
Comissioning of AYA Junction
Archives Record
Keepping improved
225 bed Hospital at Karu
Resettlement
Re-inventing the FCT - The Daily Matrix Deliverable
Deliverable
Impact on
Citizens
Ease of ExecutionLow High
High
Low
3 Months
6 Months
9 Months
Revenue Generation
Increased
FCT University
12 Months
Water Supply Improved
Toilets
Bus lanes Removal of Illegal
Setllers along Airport
220 bed Hospital Gwarinpa
City Gate Relocation
Traffic Flow
Improvement
Replacement of
Speed Brakers
Markets
Airport Road Phase I
Co-location for GSM