Researchers measured pedestrian walking speeds in Toronto under different temperature and time of day conditions. They found that pedestrians walked fastest in very cold weather (-15°C and -5°C) compared to warmer weather (15°C and 25°C), and that walking speed was slower between 1-2pm than 6-7pm. Pedestrians walked the slowest at 15°C. Cold weather can impact pedestrian behavior, reaction time and physiology, increasing risks of slipping even without ice or snow present. Sidewalks may need redesign to further reduce slip and fall accidents in winter conditions.