The document discusses colonial education in Punjab, India from 1890-1930 and the nationalist response from the Arya Samaj movement. The colonial government aimed to educate Indians to create cheap labor for administration, teaching English and Western sciences. In response, the Arya Samaj established alternative educational institutions like the Dayanand Anglo-vernacular Schools and Gurukul Kangri colleges based on self-help and relying less on government. These schools taught in Hindi and Sanskrit to develop Hindu consciousness and challenge colonial dominance through indigenous education.