The document discusses various options for NTU to reduce its carbon footprint. Option 1 is to transform a significant portion of course delivery from classroom to online format. This would reduce electricity usage, air conditioning needs, transportation requirements and waste. However, it may compromise interaction between students and faculty. Option 2 is to buy carbon credits from an Australian company, providing a quick solution but creating an artificial sense of being environmentally friendly. Option 3 is planting eucalyptus trees, which can grow rapidly and absorb pollutants, but Singapore lacks sufficient land. The document analyzes the alternatives and stakeholders, concluding that option 1 of online learning is the preferred initial approach, but more initiatives are needed for NTU to become carbon neutral.
CBSE open book exam plan evokes mixed reactions.
Students will be forced to think beyond narrow definitions of what they learn from books, making learning more experiential.
Rote learning a closed chapter, CBSE to begin open book era.
Teachers brace for open book challenge.
Open Book Exam System by CBSE
Sometime back there was a news that CBSE is planning to introduce Open Book Exam system for the current session "CBSE is all set to introduce the “OPEN BOOK EXAM “ for classes IX, X, XI in 2013 -2014 session and in Class XII from next academic session, reports some section of the media"
The Video and the Post here explains what exactly is an Open Book Exam
Some Facts about the Open Book Exam System
Open book tests are not easy tests.
Open book tests teach you how to find information when you need it.
The questions are designed to teach you how to use your brain
The CBSE open book system will be for 15-20% of the marks. The schools will be supplied with the text material in few months before the commencement of Summative Assessment – 2. (It will start from 2014).
Mu’tazilah barasal dari I’tazilah yang berarti berpisah atau memisahkan diri, yang berarti juga menjauh dan menjauhkan diri. Aliran mu’tazilah merupakan aliran teologi islam yang terbesar dan tertua, yang telah memainkan peranan penting dalam sejarah pemikiran dunia islam.
Mu’tazilah sebenarnya merupakan gerakan keagamaan semata, mereka tidak pernah membentuk pasukan, dan tidak pernah menghunus pedang. Walaupun gerakan Mu’tazilah merupakan gerakan keagamaan, namun pada saat ia mempunyai kekuatan ia tidak segan-segan menggunakan kekerasan dan tekanan-tekanan terhadap pihak-pihak yang menantangnya. Pemakaian kekerasan itu dipandang sebagai salah satu dari sikap Mu’tazilah yang tercela. Dan adanya tekanan-tekanan itu menjadi sebab yang terpenting bagi lenyapnya aliran ini di kemudian hari.
Pada kesempatan ini penulis mencoba untuk membahas tentang asal usul aliran Mu’tazilah berikut prinsip-prinsip pemikiran mereka agar kita dapat mengetahui secara jelas apakah aliran ini memang dapat diterima atau malah menyimpang dari ajaran agama Islam. Namun pada pembahasan ini, penulis sengaja tidak banyak memaparkan bentuk bantahan-bantahan terhadap aliran Mu’tazilah ini, karena tujuan utama makalah ini hanya sekedar memperkenalkan prinsip-prinsip aliran tersebut.
L'Ajuntament de la Pobla de Vallbona ha creat els Premis " Comtessa Maria de Luna" . Un certamen que té com a finalitat realitzar un reconeixement social i públic als veïns del municipi , associacions municipals o grups locals , que hagin destacat pel seu treball , tasca o dedicació en l'àmbit cultural , educatiu i patrimonial.
CBSE open book exam plan evokes mixed reactions.
Students will be forced to think beyond narrow definitions of what they learn from books, making learning more experiential.
Rote learning a closed chapter, CBSE to begin open book era.
Teachers brace for open book challenge.
Open Book Exam System by CBSE
Sometime back there was a news that CBSE is planning to introduce Open Book Exam system for the current session "CBSE is all set to introduce the “OPEN BOOK EXAM “ for classes IX, X, XI in 2013 -2014 session and in Class XII from next academic session, reports some section of the media"
The Video and the Post here explains what exactly is an Open Book Exam
Some Facts about the Open Book Exam System
Open book tests are not easy tests.
Open book tests teach you how to find information when you need it.
The questions are designed to teach you how to use your brain
The CBSE open book system will be for 15-20% of the marks. The schools will be supplied with the text material in few months before the commencement of Summative Assessment – 2. (It will start from 2014).
Mu’tazilah barasal dari I’tazilah yang berarti berpisah atau memisahkan diri, yang berarti juga menjauh dan menjauhkan diri. Aliran mu’tazilah merupakan aliran teologi islam yang terbesar dan tertua, yang telah memainkan peranan penting dalam sejarah pemikiran dunia islam.
Mu’tazilah sebenarnya merupakan gerakan keagamaan semata, mereka tidak pernah membentuk pasukan, dan tidak pernah menghunus pedang. Walaupun gerakan Mu’tazilah merupakan gerakan keagamaan, namun pada saat ia mempunyai kekuatan ia tidak segan-segan menggunakan kekerasan dan tekanan-tekanan terhadap pihak-pihak yang menantangnya. Pemakaian kekerasan itu dipandang sebagai salah satu dari sikap Mu’tazilah yang tercela. Dan adanya tekanan-tekanan itu menjadi sebab yang terpenting bagi lenyapnya aliran ini di kemudian hari.
Pada kesempatan ini penulis mencoba untuk membahas tentang asal usul aliran Mu’tazilah berikut prinsip-prinsip pemikiran mereka agar kita dapat mengetahui secara jelas apakah aliran ini memang dapat diterima atau malah menyimpang dari ajaran agama Islam. Namun pada pembahasan ini, penulis sengaja tidak banyak memaparkan bentuk bantahan-bantahan terhadap aliran Mu’tazilah ini, karena tujuan utama makalah ini hanya sekedar memperkenalkan prinsip-prinsip aliran tersebut.
L'Ajuntament de la Pobla de Vallbona ha creat els Premis " Comtessa Maria de Luna" . Un certamen que té com a finalitat realitzar un reconeixement social i públic als veïns del municipi , associacions municipals o grups locals , que hagin destacat pel seu treball , tasca o dedicació en l'àmbit cultural , educatiu i patrimonial.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Ab0401 sem 3 grp 4 - May Ee, Michelle, Yan Lin, Xiu Hui, Xin Hui, Ding Rong
1. AB0401 Sustainable Enterprise
E-Learning Week
(CO2 Australia)
Lee May Ee, Michelle Ng, Koh Xin
Hui, Kong Ding Rong, Ang Yan Ling, Lin
Xiuhui
AB0401 Sustainable Enterprises ELearning
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3. Estimation of Carbon Footprint
Campus carbon footprint
AB0401 Sustainable Enterprises ELearning
Source: Stefan Sprangers, “Calculating the
carbon footprint of universities”
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4. The make-up of the
student and staff
population is similar
to that of Erasmus
University Rotterdam
(EUR), thus we would
be deriving scope 1
& 2 by subjecting
the figures to a
multiplier of 1.7
(NTU‟s
population/EUR
population = 1.68).
And the students
commuting
footprints would be
modified based on
local context.
Source: Stefan Sprangers, “Calculating the
carbon footprint of universities”
5. Estimation of Carbon Footprint
• The factor that contribute most to the carbon
footprint of NTU would be the students’ and staff
transportation.
• Employee count: 6612
Student count: 33241
Total: 39,853 people
¾ commuting 29,889.75 ~~~ 29,890people
Driving = 29890/3 = 9964 people
Public transport = 19,926 people
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6. Estimation of Carbon Footprint
• With the prevalence of halls and residences in NTU,
for both staff and students, the following
assumptions could be made:
o ¼ population stays in schools (staff residences,
graduate residences, halls)
o These people would not contribute to the
carbon footprint of the school unless they are
leaving school residences for their own purpose
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7. The rest of the population stays outside of college.
Assuming that the students and staff follows the travel
pattern of Singapore population, they would be
travelling by MRT, LRT and Bus as frequent as above.
Their average trip distance would also be as such.
8. Assuming that the population travels to school 4
times a week and the proportion of people
travelling by bus and train is equal, we will arrive at
the following results:
Total annual Co2 emission per student by
national rail: 288kg
9. Total annual bus emission per student: 200kg
Total annual carbon emission for students who
take public transport (bus and train):
0.5(200+288) x 19,926 = 4,861,944 kg/year
10. Assuming that ⅓ of
the population
drives, due to the
prevalence of
carparks and the
full parking rates.
Total annual
carbon emission
for students who
travel by car:
3939 x 9964 =
39,248,196
kg/year
11. NTU’s estimated carbon footprint
Scope
Emission Category
Total CO2
emission (kg)
Comments
Scope 1
On Campus Stationary
sources
23,203
X 1.7 of EUR
Direct transportation sources
2262
X 1.7 of EUR
Purchased Electricity
1,564,273
X 1.7 of EUR
Purchased Heat
-
Not applicable as
there is no need
for NTU to heat
up the school
Employee Commuting
44,110,140
4,861,944 +
39,248,196 =
44,110,140
Employee Travels
Water Usage
Paper Consumption
Waste
572,879
85,525
126,872
185,000
X 1.7 of EUR
Electricity T&D losses
140,785
X 1.7 of EUR
Total
46,810,939
Scope 2
Scope 3
Student Commuting
Scope 4
12. Option 1:
Transforming a significant
proportion of our course
delivery from classroom
to an online format
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13. Benefits of an online class
• Reduce electricity consumption
Lower electricity consumption since there will be
much lesser physical classes.
Translate into lower carbon emission.
• Reduce air conditioning usage
This will also save on electricity
Air conditioning a typical home produces a
carbon footprint of about 6,600 pounds CO2.
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14. Benefits of an online class
• Save on transport (public and shuttle bus)
Online classes reduces students‟ need to travel
to school
Fuel consumption will be reduced, lowering
carbon emission.
Cars with an average fuel efficiency
produce nearly 20 pounds of CO2 for
every gallon of gasoline burned.
Worldwide, the fossil fuels used for
transportation contribute to over 13%
of greenhouse gas emissions
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15. Benefits of an online class
• Reduces land constraint
With lesser physical class, the university does not
need to be so big.
Demolishing part of the building can translate to
more land for the government to develop.
Every piece of land is of great importance for a
land scarce country.
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16. Benefits of an online class
• Reduced wastage and electricity
consumption from dormitories
Electronic-based classes reduces the need for
students to rest in hostels
Decrease in electricity and aircon consumption
Decrease in waste produced
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17. Benefits of an online class
Study by Open University:
“On average, the production and provision of
distance learning courses consumed nearly 90
percent less energy and produced 85 percent
fewer CO2 emissions per student than
conventional campus-based university courses.”
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18. Cons of an online class
• Lesser interaction between students and
faculty staffs
Fewer networking opportunities
Potentially poorer teaching quality
Face to face explanation vs virtual
explanation
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19. Cons of an online class
• Drop in public transport usage insignificant
Public buses will still continue on as usual even if
there are fewer commuters on board.
There will only be a decrease in frequency of NTU
shuttle buses
• More feasible for future universities
Demolishing the irrelevant building may take up
too much cost not feasible.
Option more feasible for future universities.
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20. Cons of an online class
• Transfer of the carbon footprint to students
house
A decrease in the school carbon footprint due to
the reduce in aircon and electricity consumption
may be offset by students usage at home
Chance that more electricity may be used as
individual students all switch on lights and aircon
as compared to a centralised system.
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21. Online class: Stakeholders
• Students
More convenience, reduce the time of
transportation
Reduce transportation expenses
May not be as effective more easily distracted
• Professors
More flexibility and control of own schedule
More difficult to capture students attention.
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22. • NTU (management)
Lesser expenses incurred
Might be concern about the quality of NTU students.
Quality of education may be poorer with online learning may affect
NTU prestige image in the long run.
• Government
Able to have a greener Singapore strengthen Singapore‟s position as a
„green‟ country.
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23. Option 2:
Buying carbon credits
from the provider (CO2
Group Limited)
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24. Carbon credits
Pros
Cons
Quickest solution in the short run Heavy reliance creates an artificial
sense of being ‘environmentally
friendly’ but in truth pollution has
not decreased
Provides an incentive to go green Who is to bear the additional costs
→ to avoid paying for more
→ would university students be
carbon credits
willing to pay for university’s
carbon credits?
Ready marketplace for carbon
Is it justifiable for a Singapore
credit trading → able to obtain
university to buy from an
carbon credits easily, but at the Australian provider at the price set
same time, sell away the excess
for Australians
Low fixed cost, but variable costs Risk of dealing with a company
in the long run can be substantial who has yet to establish itself in
Singapore
25. Carbon credits
Can act as a buffer while carbon Accurate estimates close to ‘true’
reducing projects are underway carbon emission required to avoid
overspending or underbuying
carbon credits.
Eucalyptus trees grow rapidly,
Space is required to plant these
takes relatively shorter time to
trees
help purify air
The trees need to be kept for 100
Singapore is a land scarce
years, long term benefit for NTU. country hard to find a big enough
(requirements for CO2 group
land to plant enough trees to
limited)
attain the carbon credit needed for
NTU
Eucalyptus trees are able to
Requires large number of trees,
absorb pollutants from
as every 250 trees offsets carbon
reclamation areas
emissions of a car being used for
10 years
26. Carbon credits
Simple solution → NTU is only
required to finance the initiative
NTU may not find any motivation
to decrease their carbon footprint
further as this can already solve
their problem → there is not a
need to rack their brains to find
more solutions to reduce their
carbon footprint further. → not
really good for the government
This is in line with the government
view of Singapore being a green
city
-
28. Option 3: Planting Eucalyptus Trees
Pros
1. Eucalyptus trees grow rapidly,
and takes relatively shorter time to
purify air . Moreover, the trees
need to be kept for 100 years ,
therefore it is a long term benefit
for NTU.
2. Eucalyptus trees are able to
absorb pollutants from
reclamation areas (BIG plus for
Singapore)
Cons
Space and Land constraint: Large
amount of space is required to
plant these trees
Moreover, Singapore is a land
scarce country and it will be
difficult to find a land to plant
enough trees in order to attain the
carbon credit needed for NTU.
Moreover, it might require a large
number of trees as every 250 trees
offsets carbon emissions of a car
being used for 10 years
29. Other Alternatives
• Recycling initiatives in NTU
Placing more recycling bins around NTU
Tap into their concern for the environment
and their natural enthusiasm for change
Schools should let students to be involved in
practical projects around the school
30. Other Alternatives
•
Seek professor‟s help
Collaborate with companies to research on ways for
promoting CO2 savings
$20 million IES fund set up by the government to help
finance the development of innovative
environmental technologies
• Generate our own electricity which helps to
reduce CO2 emission and save money
• Gain national recognition for school and
additional funding for sustainable energy
projects
31. Stakeholder analysis on alternatives
• Students
- Increased awareness of green initiatives in school
- Concerned students are now able to utilize these
initiatives platform to set up their own practical
projects
• Professors
- Have the power now to play a part in improving on
the school‟s green initiative measures
32. Stakeholder analysis on alternatives
• NTU
- Strengthen its school image and branding regarding
its green initiatives movement
• Government
- Able to reach out to students regarding green
initiatives efforts
- Strengthen Singapore‟s image as a green society
33. Stakeholder analysis on alternatives
• Industries
o Industrial processes emits Co2 emissions through fossil fuel
combustion
• General Public
o Gasoline & diesel burnt for transportation purposes
o Electricity consumption in residential estates
o Waste generated
34. Decision Criteria
Option 1
Long Term Sustainability
Financial Ability
Actual reduction in CO2
emissions
Easy Implementation
Option 2 Option 3 Other
Alternatives
35. Stakeholders on CO2 emissions
• NTU
•
Strengthen its school image and branding
regarding its green initiatives movement
• Government
•
•
Able to reach out to students regarding green
initiatives efforts
Strengthen Singapore‟s image as a green
society
36. Stakeholders on CO2 emissions
• Companies/ Institutions
o Electricity consumption
o Excessive usage of paper consumption
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37. Conclusion
• Option 1 (online based learning) is our
choice for moving towards a carbon-neutral
environment
• More initiatives have to be taken for a more
efficient and effective step towards
becoming carbon neutral
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39. Executive Summary
We have chosen the option of changing our coursework to become
more online-based as our solution towards the move of reducing carbon
footprint. Studies have shown that staff and students‟ commute to the
school are the greatest source of carbon emissions. Changing the way
classes are carried out to an online based form will greatly reduce the
need for commuting, thus effectively lowering carbon emissions.
The potential problem of such a change in the coursework structure is
that the quality of learning and teaching may be compromised. It
prevents students from spontaneously querying about the subject, and
the effectiveness of teaching might thus be affected as a result.
Weighing all the alternatives, our team recognizes that one option alone
is insufficient to reduce carbon footprint effectively. A greener
community will only be achievable if lifestyle habits are significantly
changed with the thought of environmental sustainability in mind.
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Editor's Notes
Eucalyptus trees grow rapidly, takes relatively shorter time to help purify airthe trees need to be kept for 100 years, long term benefit for ntu. (requirements for CO2 group limited)Space constraint: Space is required to plant these treesSingapore is a land scarce country hard to find a big enough land to plant enough trees to attain the carbon credit needed for NTUEucalyptus trees are able to absorb pollutants from reclamation areas (A big plus for Singapore)Might require a large number of trees, far too much as every 250 trees offsets carbon emissions of a car being used for 10 years(Might have land constraint)