8- Learn CSS Fundamentals / Attribute selectors

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CSS CSS FUNDAMENTALS
SelectorsAttribute

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ATTRIBUTE
PRESENCE  
AND VALUE
SELECTORS
SUBSTRING
MATCHING
ATTRIBUTE
SELECTORS

Attribute presence  
and value selectors
[attribute]
[attribute=value]

[attribute~=value]

[attribute|=value]

ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
With this code all elements with the target attribute are shown in green.
Selects all elements with a speciﬁc attribute.
[target] {color: green}
Syntax [attribute] {style properties}

HTML CSS
Browser
ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
<body>
<a href="#" target="_blank">First link.</a>
<a href="#">Second link.</a>
</body>
[target] { color: green; }
Web page title
index.html
First link.
Second link.
READY TO USE CODE

and value selectors
[attribute]

[attribute=value]
[attribute~=value]

[attribute|=value]

ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
With this code all elements with the attribute target and the value _blank are shown in green.
Selects all elements with a speciﬁc attribute and value.
[target=_blank] {color: green}
Syntax [attribute=value] {style properties}

HTML CSS
Browser
ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
<body>
<a href="#" target="_blank">First link.</a><br>
<a href="#" target="_top">Second link.</a><br>
<a href="http://wikipedia.org">Wikipedia.</a><br>
<img src="world.png" alt="World">
</body>
[target=_blank] { color: red; }
[href=http://wikipedia.org] { color: green; }
[src=world.png] { background: green; }
Web page title
index.html
First link.
Second link.
Wikipedia.
READY TO USE CODE

HTML CSS
Browser
ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
<body>
<form>
Name: <input type="text">
<input type="submit" value="Send">
</form>
</body>
[type=submit] { background: red; }
Web page title
index.html
Name:
Send
READY TO USE CODE

and value selectors
[attribute]

[attribute=value]

[attribute~=value]
[attribute|=value]

ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
With this code all elements with the attribute target and the value deal are shown in green.
Selects all elements with a speciﬁc attribute, but only if the value is one of a space-separated list of
words.
[data-item~=deal] {color: green}
Syntax [attribute~=value] {style properties}

HTML CSS
Browser
ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
<body>
<article data-item="food deal choco">
<h2>Best chocolate ever!</h2>
<p>Product info.</p>
</article>
<article data-item="food choco">
<h2>Just white chocolate</h2>
</article>
</body>
[data-item~=deal] { color: green; }
Web page title
index.html
Best chocolate ever!
Product info.
Just white chocolate
Product info.
READY TO USE CODE

and value selectors
[attribute]

[attribute=value]

[attribute~=value]

[attribute|=value]

ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
With this code all elements with the hreflang attribute and  
its value beginning with en are shown in green.
Selects all elements with a speciﬁc attribute if their value is exactly a particular text or begins with it.
[hreﬂang|=en] {color: green}
Syntax [attribute|=value] {style properties}

HTML CSS
Browser
ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
<body>
<a href="#" hreflang="en">Wikipedia English</a><br>
<a href="#" hreflang="en-us">Wikipedia US</a><br>
<a href="#" hreflang="en-gb">Wikipedia UK</a><br>
<a href="#" hreflang="fr">Wikipedia France</a>
</body>
[hreflang|=en] { color: green; }
Web page title
index.html
Wikipedia English
Wikipedia US 
Wikipedia UK 
Wikipedia France
READY TO USE CODE

Substring matching  
attribute selectors
[attribute^=value]

[attribute*=value]

[attribute$=value]

value
^Begins with
*Contains
$
Ends with

attribute selectors
[attribute^=value]
[attribute*=value]

[attribute$=value]

ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
With this code all elements with the data-item attribute and  
its value beginning with food are shown in green.
Selects all elements with a speciﬁc attribute if their value begins with a particular text.
[data-item^=food] {color: green}
Syntax [attribute^=value] {style properties}

HTML CSS
Browser
ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
<body>
<article data-item="food choco black">
</article>
<article data-item="choco food white">
</article>
</body>
[data-item^=food] { color: green; }
Web page title
index.html
Product info.
Product info.
READY TO USE CODE

attribute selectors
[attribute^=value]

[attribute*=value]
[attribute$=value]

ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
its value containing food are shown in green.
Selects all elements with a speciﬁc attribute if their value contains a particular text.
[data-item*=food] {color: green}
Syntax [attribute*=value] {style properties}

HTML CSS
Browser
ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
<body>
<article data-item="choco food black">
</article>
<article data-item="choco white food">
</article>
</body>
[data-item*=food] { color: green; }
Web page title
index.html
Product info.
Product info.
READY TO USE CODE

ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
its value ending with food are shown in green.
Selects all elements with a speciﬁc attribute if their value ends with a particular text.
[data-item$=food] {color: green}
Syntax [attribute$=value] {style properties}

HTML CSS
Browser
ATTRIBUTE SELECTOR
<body>
<article data-item="choco food black">
</article>
<article data-item="choco white food">
</article>
</body>
[data-item$=food] { color: green; }
Web page title
index.html
Product info.
Product info.
READY TO USE CODE

REFERENCE: W3C
SOURCE: Selectors Level 3 by W3C.

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8- Learn CSS Fundamentals / Attribute selectors

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