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SUBJECT-VERB-AGREEMENT1
BASE FORM (VERBS)2
TENSES3
PRESENT PARTICIPLE (-ing forms)4
PAST PARTICIPLE5
SPELLING6
PUNCTUATION & CAPITALISATION7
(1) present perfect tense
i. For unfinished past actions
I have worked here for ten years.
ii. For past actions when time is not specified
Have you ever been to Taiwan?
iii. When a past action is relevant now
She has broken her leg so she is missing class.
PAST PARTICIPLE5
(2) past perfect tense
i. For actions that happened before related past
events or times.
When she arrived, all the tickets had gone.
I'd never heard of it until last week.
PAST PARTICIPLE5
(3) future perfect tense
i. For actions to be completed before a specific
future time, but the exact time is unimportant.
She'll have finished it by next week.
PAST PARTICIPLE5
ii. When making assumptions about actions that
are finished now.
It's okay to call because he'll have got home by
now.
(4) conditional perfect
i. to talk about imaginary situations in the past
If she'd seen the advert, she would have applied
for the job.
PAST PARTICIPLE5
FORMATION :
would have + past participle
(5) 3rd conditional perfect
i. For imaginary past actions, where the
conditions for the action WERE NOT satisfied.
If you'd been there, you would've seen it.
PAST PARTICIPLE5
FORMATION :
If + past perfect + would have + past participle
(6) in passive voice
My roof was damaged by the storm.
PAST PARTICIPLE5
FORMATION :
to be + past participle
The songs were written by Adele.
(7) as adjectives
The damaged roof is repaired immediately.
PAST PARTICIPLE5
He kept looking at the broken vase.
That is a well-known song!
Ali loves fried eggs.
It is difficult to handle a bunch of excited children
on a trip to the zoo.
By :
Ms Nur Azlin Zainalaludin & Ms Norlini Abdullah
Kolej Islam Sultan Alam Shah
June/2012

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7 writing rules : Part 5 Past Participle

  • 1.
  • 2. SUBJECT-VERB-AGREEMENT1 BASE FORM (VERBS)2 TENSES3 PRESENT PARTICIPLE (-ing forms)4 PAST PARTICIPLE5 SPELLING6 PUNCTUATION & CAPITALISATION7
  • 3. (1) present perfect tense i. For unfinished past actions I have worked here for ten years. ii. For past actions when time is not specified Have you ever been to Taiwan? iii. When a past action is relevant now She has broken her leg so she is missing class. PAST PARTICIPLE5
  • 4. (2) past perfect tense i. For actions that happened before related past events or times. When she arrived, all the tickets had gone. I'd never heard of it until last week. PAST PARTICIPLE5
  • 5. (3) future perfect tense i. For actions to be completed before a specific future time, but the exact time is unimportant. She'll have finished it by next week. PAST PARTICIPLE5 ii. When making assumptions about actions that are finished now. It's okay to call because he'll have got home by now.
  • 6. (4) conditional perfect i. to talk about imaginary situations in the past If she'd seen the advert, she would have applied for the job. PAST PARTICIPLE5 FORMATION : would have + past participle
  • 7. (5) 3rd conditional perfect i. For imaginary past actions, where the conditions for the action WERE NOT satisfied. If you'd been there, you would've seen it. PAST PARTICIPLE5 FORMATION : If + past perfect + would have + past participle
  • 8. (6) in passive voice My roof was damaged by the storm. PAST PARTICIPLE5 FORMATION : to be + past participle The songs were written by Adele.
  • 9. (7) as adjectives The damaged roof is repaired immediately. PAST PARTICIPLE5 He kept looking at the broken vase. That is a well-known song! Ali loves fried eggs. It is difficult to handle a bunch of excited children on a trip to the zoo.
  • 10. By : Ms Nur Azlin Zainalaludin & Ms Norlini Abdullah Kolej Islam Sultan Alam Shah June/2012