A of Migraine - Audience Theory
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Audience theory examines how media consumers engage with media based on their interests and lifestyles. Producers aim to target specific audience demographics, like those aged 24-54 who are most likely to have a higher income. Uses and gratification theory explores why people choose certain media for purposes like social needs, entertainment, or gaining knowledge. Reception theory considers how audiences interpret media based on their social positioning and can take dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings. Audience positioning involves composing media to convey certain ideologies to audiences in a way they can understand.
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I of Migraine - Ideology
This document defines and discusses various types of ideologies. It explains that ideology conveys underlying meanings and is used to promote ideas without being openly stated. The dominant ideology in society is determined by the ruling class with the most power and influence. Hegemony describes how media and institutions encourage people to accept the dominant views. Counter-cultural ideologies oppose the mainstream perspective. Alternative ideologies provide different meanings that challenge common conventions.
Audience theories
This document provides an overview of different media audience theories. It discusses passive audiences that accept all media messages at face value versus active audiences that interpret and form their own opinions. Several specific theories are examined, including the hypodermic needle effect about direct media influence, cultivation theory about the influence of repeated messages over time, and the two-step flow theory about opinion leaders influencing others. Reception theory and uses and gratification theory view audiences as more active in decoding meanings and using media to fulfill social and psychological needs.
Audience reception theories
The hypodermic needle theory suggests that audiences passively accept media messages like being injected with a needle. Albert Bandura's Bobo doll study found that children imitated aggressive behaviors they saw on video. The uses and gratifications model sees audiences as active, using media to fulfill needs like escapism, education, and pleasure. Reception theory proposes that media producers encode messages that audiences can decode as the dominant/preferred meaning, negotiate parts they disagree with, or oppositionally reject.
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The document discusses several theories about audiences and their relationship to media institutions and messages. It presents perspectives that view audiences as either passive receivers of media messages or more active interpreters. Specifically, it outlines theories of passive audiences, such as the hypodermic needle theory and cultivation theory, as well as active audience theories like uses and gratifications theory and reception theory, which acknowledge that audiences can interpret media messages in negotiated or oppositional ways.
Audience
This theory argues that audiences actively seek out media to fulfill various social and psychological needs. It identifies four main needs that drive media consumption: surveillance or keeping informed about the world, personal identity through relating to media personalities, personal relationships such as forming parasocial relationships with characters, and diversion or escapism from problems through media entertainment. The theory also discusses Stuart Hall's reception theory, which proposes that media texts encode messages from producers but audiences can decode them in different ways - through dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings that may not match the producer's intended meaning.
Audience theories
There are three main models that describe how audiences interact with media:
1) The effect model suggests media has the biggest influence and passively affects audiences, especially women and children.
2) The uses and gratification model views audiences as actively engaging with media to fulfill needs and having the ability to reject certain elements.
3) The reception model recognizes different audiences can interpret the same media differently based on factors like culture, age, and race.
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I of Migraine - Ideology
This document defines and discusses various types of ideologies. It explains that ideology conveys underlying meanings and is used to promote ideas without being openly stated. The dominant ideology in society is determined by the ruling class with the most power and influence. Hegemony describes how media and institutions encourage people to accept the dominant views. Counter-cultural ideologies oppose the mainstream perspective. Alternative ideologies provide different meanings that challenge common conventions.
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This document provides an overview of different media audience theories. It discusses passive audiences that accept all media messages at face value versus active audiences that interpret and form their own opinions. Several specific theories are examined, including the hypodermic needle effect about direct media influence, cultivation theory about the influence of repeated messages over time, and the two-step flow theory about opinion leaders influencing others. Reception theory and uses and gratification theory view audiences as more active in decoding meanings and using media to fulfill social and psychological needs.
Audience reception theories
The hypodermic needle theory suggests that audiences passively accept media messages like being injected with a needle. Albert Bandura's Bobo doll study found that children imitated aggressive behaviors they saw on video. The uses and gratifications model sees audiences as active, using media to fulfill needs like escapism, education, and pleasure. Reception theory proposes that media producers encode messages that audiences can decode as the dominant/preferred meaning, negotiate parts they disagree with, or oppositionally reject.
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The document discusses several theories about audiences and their relationship to media institutions and messages. It presents perspectives that view audiences as either passive receivers of media messages or more active interpreters. Specifically, it outlines theories of passive audiences, such as the hypodermic needle theory and cultivation theory, as well as active audience theories like uses and gratifications theory and reception theory, which acknowledge that audiences can interpret media messages in negotiated or oppositional ways.
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This theory argues that audiences actively seek out media to fulfill various social and psychological needs. It identifies four main needs that drive media consumption: surveillance or keeping informed about the world, personal identity through relating to media personalities, personal relationships such as forming parasocial relationships with characters, and diversion or escapism from problems through media entertainment. The theory also discusses Stuart Hall's reception theory, which proposes that media texts encode messages from producers but audiences can decode them in different ways - through dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings that may not match the producer's intended meaning.
Audience theories
There are three main models that describe how audiences interact with media:
1) The effect model suggests media has the biggest influence and passively affects audiences, especially women and children.
2) The uses and gratification model views audiences as actively engaging with media to fulfill needs and having the ability to reject certain elements.
3) The reception model recognizes different audiences can interpret the same media differently based on factors like culture, age, and race.
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El programa de Comercio Exterior de la Universidad de Santander tiene como objetivo formar profesionales integrales con sólidos conocimientos y valores éticos para contribuir al desarrollo económico regional y nacional. Su misión es formar competencias que aporten soluciones pertinentes a los retos de la globalización, y su visión es impulsar proyectos que generen crecimiento para las PYMES y cualifiquen la actividad de comercio exterior de grandes empresas.
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The document discusses various theories for categorizing audiences, including by ratings, income/class, psychographic profiles, life stages, and individual differences in interpretation. It notes strengths and weaknesses of each approach. The conclusion is that no single theory can define an audience and the best approach is to consider multiple theories to identify a primary target for the magazine while also appealing to secondary audiences. Care must be taken to craft content that conveys intended meanings.
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This document discusses several theories for how audiences interact with and are influenced by media products and texts. It describes the hypodermic/effects model which views audiences as passive receivers of media influence, and cites an experiment showing media violence influencing children's behavior. It also covers cultural effects theory, reception theory which considers how audiences can understand and interpret messages differently, and uses and gratifications theory which positions audiences as actively using media to meet personal needs like identity, education, entertainment and social interaction.
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This document discusses different theories of how audiences interact with media. It describes passive audiences that accept media messages at face value versus active audiences that critically evaluate messages. Specific theories covered include the hypodermic needle theory of direct persuasion, cultivation theory of repeated influence over values, the two-step flow theory of opinion leaders mediating messages, and uses and gratifications theory of audiences seeking to fulfill needs from media. The document emphasizes that audiences can interpret media differently based on factors like age, culture, and personality.
Audience response
1) Stuart Hall theorized that audiences respond to media texts with either a preferred, negotiated, or oppositional reading. A preferred reading involves understanding and agreeing with the message, while an oppositional reading rejects the message. A negotiated reading understands but sometimes alters the message.
2) Participatory media like blogs and social networks allow audiences to interact and share opinions on media products, furthering participation. Fan culture involves audiences actively creating new stories and spin-offs from media texts through activities like fan fiction and YouTube videos.
3) Different levels of cultural competence are required to understand media texts, from basic language comprehension to interpreting signs and symbols. Global brands like McDonald's require less cultural competence.
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1) Stuart Hall theorized that audiences respond to media texts with either a preferred, negotiated, or oppositional reading. A preferred reading involves understanding and agreeing with the message, while an oppositional reading rejects the message. A negotiated reading understands but sometimes alters the message.
2) Participatory media like blogs and social networks allow audiences to interact and share opinions on media products, furthering participation. Fan culture involves audiences actively creating new stories and spin-offs from media texts through activities like fan fiction and YouTube videos.
3) Different levels of cultural competence are required to understand media texts, from basic language comprehension to interpreting signs and symbols. Global brands like McDonald's require less cultural competence compared to media from unfamiliar cultures
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This document discusses several theories related to audiences and media consumption, including:
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- The hypodermic needle model, which suggests media has an immediate and powerful effect on passive audiences.
- Active consumption, where audiences interact with media by creating content and influencing production.
- Uses and gratifications theory, which examines why people consume different media and what needs it fulfills.
- Reception theory, which looks at how encoded media messages are decoded and interpreted differently by audiences.
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The document discusses various theories for categorizing audiences, including by ratings, income/social class, consumer profiles, values and lifestyles, and life stages. It also covers theories about how audiences are influenced by media, such as the hypodermic needle theory of direct influence or cultivation theory of desensitization over time. The conclusion is that no single theory can define audiences and that a media package needs to appeal to its targeted audience rather than trying to please everyone. Further research is still needed to determine the best targeted audience.
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This document discusses several audience theories that can be used to understand how audiences interact with media. It describes the uses and gratifications theory, which suggests that audiences actively use media to fulfill needs like entertainment, social interaction, personal identity, and staying informed. The document also discusses audience control theories that see audiences as actively making choices about what media they consume. Finally, it covers reception theory and how audiences can have dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings of media texts based on their social and cultural backgrounds.
Audience theories slideshare
This document discusses several audience theories that can be used to understand how audiences interact with media. It describes the uses and gratifications theory, which suggests that audiences actively use media to fulfill needs like entertainment, social interaction, personal identity, and staying informed. The document also discusses audience control theories that see audiences as actively making meaning from media rather than passively accepting messages. Finally, it covers encoding/decoding reception theory and contrasts the effects model, which views audiences as passive, with active audience theories that see audiences critically interpreting media messages.
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The document discusses different types of audience responses to media texts, including preferred, negotiated, and oppositional readings. A preferred reading is when the audience understands and agrees with the message. A negotiated reading is when the audience generally accepts but sometimes alters the message to fit their own experiences. An oppositional reading is when the audience understands the message but rejects and has an alternative view. The document also discusses participatory media like social media which allows audience interaction, and fan culture where audiences actively create content related to media properties.
Audience theory
Uses and gratifications theory posits that people actively seek out specific media to fulfill certain needs, such as relaxation, release from problems, or social interaction. The effects theory suggests that media can influence audiences and amplify current trends, changing viewpoints or urging actions. The key difference is that uses and gratifications focuses on how people purposefully use media for personal needs, while effects theory examines how media messages can shape audiences' perspectives and behaviors.
Audience research
This document summarizes several theories about how audiences interact with and are influenced by media:
1) The Hypodermic Needle Theory suggests that media can directly influence audience opinions and feelings if presented in a certain way using imagery and context.
2) Uses and Gratifications Theory explains that audiences use media for different purposes like diversion, social interaction, identity exploration, and information gathering.
3) Cultivation Theory proposes that prolonged exposure to certain media portrayals can desensitize audiences or influence their perceptions over time. However, this theory is difficult to prove conclusively.
4) Two Step Flow Theory describes how audiences form opinions through interpersonal communication after initial exposure to media messages.
Audience Theory Research
This document summarizes several theories about how audiences interact with and are influenced by media:
1) The Hypodermic Needle Theory suggests that media can directly influence audience opinions and feelings if presented in a certain way using imagery and context.
2) Uses and Gratifications Theory explains that audiences use media for different purposes like diversion, social interaction, identity exploration, and information gathering.
3) Cultivation Theory proposes that prolonged exposure to certain media portrayals can desensitize audiences or influence their perceptions over time. However, this theory is difficult to prove conclusively.
4) Two Step Flow Theory describes how audiences form opinions through interpersonal communication after initial exposure to media messages.
Audience research
This document summarizes several theories about how audiences interact with and are influenced by media:
1) The Hypodermic Needle Theory suggests that media can directly influence audience opinions and feelings if presented in a certain way using imagery and context.
2) Uses and Gratifications Theory explains why audiences consume certain media to fulfill needs like diversion, social interaction, identity exploration, and information gathering.
3) Cultivation Theory proposes that heavy, long-term exposure to certain media portrayals can influence audiences' beliefs about social reality. However, it is difficult to prove this effect on individuals.
4) Two Step Flow Theory describes how media messages are filtered through opinion leaders in social groups before reaching a
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1) Maslow's hierarchy of needs proposes that people must have their basic physiological and safety needs met before pursuing higher needs like belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. Early media theories viewed audiences as passive and easily influenced.
2) The hypodermic syringe model saw audiences as passive receivers of media messages. Cultivation theory also viewed audiences passively, suggesting repeated exposure shapes attitudes.
3) Later, more active audience theories emerged. Two-step flow theory and uses and gratifications propose audiences actively select media to fulfill needs, not passively accept messages. Reception analysis adds that personal experiences shape how media is interpreted.
Uses and Gratifications theory
The uses and gratifications model represents a change in how media effects are studied from the audience's perspective rather than the media's. It focuses on why people choose to consume certain media and what needs they fulfill by doing so. The theory argues that audiences are active participants who make their own choices about media consumption to fulfill social and psychological needs like surveillance of their world, confirmation of personal identity, strengthening personal relationships, and diversion or escape from their own lives.
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This document discusses different theories of media audiences:
1) It begins by stating that all media targets a specific audience and that everyone is part of an audience. Producers use signs and signifiers to establish a target audience.
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3) Several audience theories are described: hypodermic needle effect theorizes direct media effects; cultivation theory suggests repeated messages shape beliefs; two-step flow recognizes opinion leaders; and uses and gratification posits that audiences use media to fulfill needs.
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1) It begins by establishing that all media has a target audience and that everyone is part of some audience. Producers use signs and signifiers to establish audiences.
2) There are different types of audiences: mass, niche, individual, active, and passive. Active audiences interpret media themselves while passive audiences may be more susceptible to manipulation.
3) Several audience theories are described: hypodermic needle effect theorizes direct media effects; cultivation theory suggests repeated messages shape beliefs; two-step flow recognizes opinion leaders; and uses and gratification posits that audiences use media to fulfill needs.
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The document discusses various theories for categorizing audiences, including by ratings, income/class, psychographic profiles, life stages, and individual differences in interpretation. It notes strengths and weaknesses of each approach. The conclusion is that no single theory can define an audience and the best approach is to consider multiple theories to identify a primary target for the magazine while also appealing to secondary audiences. Care must be taken to craft content that conveys intended meanings.
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This document discusses several theories for how audiences interact with and are influenced by media products and texts. It describes the hypodermic/effects model which views audiences as passive receivers of media influence, and cites an experiment showing media violence influencing children's behavior. It also covers cultural effects theory, reception theory which considers how audiences can understand and interpret messages differently, and uses and gratifications theory which positions audiences as actively using media to meet personal needs like identity, education, entertainment and social interaction.
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This document discusses different theories of how audiences interact with media. It describes passive audiences that accept media messages at face value versus active audiences that critically evaluate messages. Specific theories covered include the hypodermic needle theory of direct persuasion, cultivation theory of repeated influence over values, the two-step flow theory of opinion leaders mediating messages, and uses and gratifications theory of audiences seeking to fulfill needs from media. The document emphasizes that audiences can interpret media differently based on factors like age, culture, and personality.
Audience response
1) Stuart Hall theorized that audiences respond to media texts with either a preferred, negotiated, or oppositional reading. A preferred reading involves understanding and agreeing with the message, while an oppositional reading rejects the message. A negotiated reading understands but sometimes alters the message.
2) Participatory media like blogs and social networks allow audiences to interact and share opinions on media products, furthering participation. Fan culture involves audiences actively creating new stories and spin-offs from media texts through activities like fan fiction and YouTube videos.
3) Different levels of cultural competence are required to understand media texts, from basic language comprehension to interpreting signs and symbols. Global brands like McDonald's require less cultural competence.
Audience response
1) Stuart Hall theorized that audiences respond to media texts with either a preferred, negotiated, or oppositional reading. A preferred reading involves understanding and agreeing with the message, while an oppositional reading rejects the message. A negotiated reading understands but sometimes alters the message.
2) Participatory media like blogs and social networks allow audiences to interact and share opinions on media products, furthering participation. Fan culture involves audiences actively creating new stories and spin-offs from media texts through activities like fan fiction and YouTube videos.
3) Different levels of cultural competence are required to understand media texts, from basic language comprehension to interpreting signs and symbols. Global brands like McDonald's require less cultural competence compared to media from unfamiliar cultures
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This document discusses several theories related to audiences and media consumption, including:
- Passive consumption, where audiences accept media messages without questioning.
- The hypodermic needle model, which suggests media has an immediate and powerful effect on passive audiences.
- Active consumption, where audiences interact with media by creating content and influencing production.
- Uses and gratifications theory, which examines why people consume different media and what needs it fulfills.
- Reception theory, which looks at how encoded media messages are decoded and interpreted differently by audiences.
Audiences Research
The document discusses various theories for categorizing audiences, including by ratings, income/social class, consumer profiles, values and lifestyles, and life stages. It also covers theories about how audiences are influenced by media, such as the hypodermic needle theory of direct influence or cultivation theory of desensitization over time. The conclusion is that no single theory can define audiences and that a media package needs to appeal to its targeted audience rather than trying to please everyone. Further research is still needed to determine the best targeted audience.
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This document discusses several audience theories that can be used to understand how audiences interact with media. It describes the uses and gratifications theory, which suggests that audiences actively use media to fulfill needs like entertainment, social interaction, personal identity, and staying informed. The document also discusses audience control theories that see audiences as actively making choices about what media they consume. Finally, it covers reception theory and how audiences can have dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings of media texts based on their social and cultural backgrounds.
Audience theories slideshare
This document discusses several audience theories that can be used to understand how audiences interact with media. It describes the uses and gratifications theory, which suggests that audiences actively use media to fulfill needs like entertainment, social interaction, personal identity, and staying informed. The document also discusses audience control theories that see audiences as actively making meaning from media rather than passively accepting messages. Finally, it covers encoding/decoding reception theory and contrasts the effects model, which views audiences as passive, with active audience theories that see audiences critically interpreting media messages.
Audience response
The document discusses different types of audience responses to media texts, including preferred, negotiated, and oppositional readings. A preferred reading is when the audience understands and agrees with the message. A negotiated reading is when the audience generally accepts but sometimes alters the message to fit their own experiences. An oppositional reading is when the audience understands the message but rejects and has an alternative view. The document also discusses participatory media like social media which allows audience interaction, and fan culture where audiences actively create content related to media properties.
Audience theory
Uses and gratifications theory posits that people actively seek out specific media to fulfill certain needs, such as relaxation, release from problems, or social interaction. The effects theory suggests that media can influence audiences and amplify current trends, changing viewpoints or urging actions. The key difference is that uses and gratifications focuses on how people purposefully use media for personal needs, while effects theory examines how media messages can shape audiences' perspectives and behaviors.
Audience research
This document summarizes several theories about how audiences interact with and are influenced by media:
1) The Hypodermic Needle Theory suggests that media can directly influence audience opinions and feelings if presented in a certain way using imagery and context.
2) Uses and Gratifications Theory explains that audiences use media for different purposes like diversion, social interaction, identity exploration, and information gathering.
3) Cultivation Theory proposes that prolonged exposure to certain media portrayals can desensitize audiences or influence their perceptions over time. However, this theory is difficult to prove conclusively.
4) Two Step Flow Theory describes how audiences form opinions through interpersonal communication after initial exposure to media messages.
Audience Theory Research
This document summarizes several theories about how audiences interact with and are influenced by media:
1) The Hypodermic Needle Theory suggests that media can directly influence audience opinions and feelings if presented in a certain way using imagery and context.
2) Uses and Gratifications Theory explains that audiences use media for different purposes like diversion, social interaction, identity exploration, and information gathering.
3) Cultivation Theory proposes that prolonged exposure to certain media portrayals can desensitize audiences or influence their perceptions over time. However, this theory is difficult to prove conclusively.
4) Two Step Flow Theory describes how audiences form opinions through interpersonal communication after initial exposure to media messages.
Audience research
This document summarizes several theories about how audiences interact with and are influenced by media:
1) The Hypodermic Needle Theory suggests that media can directly influence audience opinions and feelings if presented in a certain way using imagery and context.
2) Uses and Gratifications Theory explains why audiences consume certain media to fulfill needs like diversion, social interaction, identity exploration, and information gathering.
3) Cultivation Theory proposes that heavy, long-term exposure to certain media portrayals can influence audiences' beliefs about social reality. However, it is difficult to prove this effect on individuals.
4) Two Step Flow Theory describes how media messages are filtered through opinion leaders in social groups before reaching a
Media audiences
1) Maslow's hierarchy of needs proposes that people must have their basic physiological and safety needs met before pursuing higher needs like belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. Early media theories viewed audiences as passive and easily influenced.
2) The hypodermic syringe model saw audiences as passive receivers of media messages. Cultivation theory also viewed audiences passively, suggesting repeated exposure shapes attitudes.
3) Later, more active audience theories emerged. Two-step flow theory and uses and gratifications propose audiences actively select media to fulfill needs, not passively accept messages. Reception analysis adds that personal experiences shape how media is interpreted.
Uses and Gratifications theory
The uses and gratifications model represents a change in how media effects are studied from the audience's perspective rather than the media's. It focuses on why people choose to consume certain media and what needs they fulfill by doing so. The theory argues that audiences are active participants who make their own choices about media consumption to fulfill social and psychological needs like surveillance of their world, confirmation of personal identity, strengthening personal relationships, and diversion or escape from their own lives.
Audience theories
This document discusses different theories of media audiences:
1) It begins by stating that all media targets a specific audience and that everyone is part of an audience. Producers use signs and signifiers to establish a target audience.
2) There are different types of audiences: mass, niche, individual, active, and passive. Active audiences interpret media themselves while passive audiences may be more susceptible to manipulation.
3) Several audience theories are described: hypodermic needle effect theorizes direct media effects; cultivation theory suggests repeated messages shape beliefs; two-step flow recognizes opinion leaders; and uses and gratification posits that audiences use media to fulfill needs.
Audience theories
This document discusses different theories of media audiences:
1) It begins by establishing that all media has a target audience and that everyone is part of some audience. Producers use signs and signifiers to establish audiences.
2) There are different types of audiences: mass, niche, individual, active, and passive. Active audiences interpret media themselves while passive audiences may be more susceptible to manipulation.
3) Several audience theories are described: hypodermic needle effect theorizes direct media effects; cultivation theory suggests repeated messages shape beliefs; two-step flow recognizes opinion leaders; and uses and gratification posits that audiences use media to fulfill needs.
Lindee walker research target audience-audience theory
This document discusses research on the target audience for a new magazine. It will target young adults and adults interested in gardening, meditation, nature or spirituality. The magazine aims to appeal to busy people seeking calm and stress relief. It may attract believers valuing stability and spirituality, or achievers looking to better their lives. The document also discusses audience theory - that audiences interpret messages differently based on their experiences. It explains uses and gratification theory, that audiences consume media to fulfill needs like information, identity, distraction and entertainment. The document says it will use these theories to understand why audiences view the magazine and ensure it meets their needs and interests.
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Lindee walker research target audience-audience theory
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বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
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"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
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Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
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Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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A of Migraine - Audience Theory
- 2. Description Audiences have a very important relationship with the products they use or media they consume. A lot of what user’s consume is based on their lifestyle and interests and can often be conveyed in certain ways.
- 3. Media consumers Media consumers have a large relationship with what they watch and read in the media. The makers of all types of Media produce their pieces for their audiences to read in a certain way but this could be said otherwise as each individual reader comes from different backgrounds, lifestyles and also have different interests.
- 4. Aiming at Audiences Media consumers can be organised into groups based on things like lifestyle and interests or income. These figures or facts are then used by advertisers, broadcasters and producers so they can optimize who they target for their product. Most magazines are produced to make the biggest amount of money possible so in doing this they aim at audiences between ages 24-54 so that they can target those who are most likely to have a good income.
- 5. Uses and Gratification Theory Definition Uses and gratification theory is the understanding of what people do with media or why they use it. Some people may use it for social needs or some may use it to gain knowledge.
- 6. Why do people choose certain Media? People may choose to watch/read/listen to media to become knowledgeable in a certain group i.e. friendship group. Others may do it for the gain of knowledge. Others may do it for entertainment.
- 7. Blumler and Katz Both of these theorists published their own views describing that people may choose media for different purposes: Personal Relationships would suggest that people would choose media for social or relationship interaction. Escaping from everyday problems by indulging in what Media offers. For a certain identity, maybe to learn something new or reflect on certain values. For Surveillance, this would help benefit the user.
- 8. Laswell Laswell suggested that the Media served people for different purposes in society: Entertainment Cultural conversing Correlation Surveillance
- 9. Reception Theory Description Reception theory is the theory that the audience should be a part of the creation process to help cater it to them, it is also how the audience interpret the piece. It is the interaction between the audience and the piece of Media.
- 10. Stuart Hall Stuart Hall stated that the interpretation of mass media is affected by different social positioning and social groups. There are three models he speaks about, dominant, negotiated and oppositional.
- 11. Dominant Model The reader/watcher is in agreement and shares the same beliefs as what is said and then tries to reproduce the preffered reading to others.
- 12. Negotiated Model The reader/watcher partially agrees and shares beliefs with what is said but sometimes may resist or modify the piece in a way which shows what they are interested in, they have experienced and what position they stand.
- 13. Oppositional model Oppositional reading is for those who reject the piece putting them in a directly opposite relation to the dominant place. They understand what is being said but choose to reject it as they believe in an alternative.
- 14. Audience Positioning Description Audience positioning is the composer of the piece putting the audience into a position so that they can understand the ideology behind. It also helps to put ideology into the audience’s head and helps benefit the audience’s reading experience.
- 15. Example The image to the right is trying to convey the idea that apples are good. This being shown by a green tick next to the apple. The image to the right is now showing that apples will make you strong and healthy, this is shown by the person who is smiling and also has large muscles. The image to the right shows now that somebody being put together with the apple shows that you become strong and healthy. This positioning is telling the audience that apples are good and are a positive thing by putting this idea.