4.1 EXPLORING INCENTIVE PAY
4-1 Explore the incentive pay approach.
Incentive pay
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/sections/bm01#bm01goss212) or
variable pay
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/sections/bm01#bm01goss462)
rewards employees for partially or completely attaining a predetermined work objective.
Incentive or variable pay is defined as compensation, other than base wages or salaries that
fluctuate according to employees’ attainment of some standard, such as a preestablished
formula, individual or group goals, or company earnings.
Effective incentive pay systems are based on three assumptions:
Individual employees and work teams differ in how much they contribute to the
company, both in what they do as well as in how well they do it.
The company’s overall performance depends to a large degree on the performance of
individuals and groups within the company.
To attract, retain, and motivate high performers and to be fair to all employees, a
company needs to reward employees on the basis of their relative performance.
Much like seniority and merit pay approaches, incentive pay augments employees’ base pay,
but incentive pay appears as a one-time payment. Employees usually receive a combination
of recurring base pay and incentive pay, with base pay representing the greater portion of
core compensation. More employees are presently eligible for incentive pay than ever before,
as companies seek to control costs and motivate personnel continually to strive for exemplary
performance. Companies increasingly recognize the importance of applying incentive pay
programs to various kinds of employees as well, including production workers, technical
employees, and service workers.
Some companies use incentive pay extensively. Lincoln Electric Company, a manufacturer of
welding machines and motors, is renowned for its use of incentive pay plans. At Lincoln
Electric, production employees receive recurring base pay as well as incentive pay. The
company determines incentive pay awards according to five performance criteria: quality,
output, dependability, cooperation, and ideas. The company has awarded incentive payments
every year since 1934, through prosperous and poor economic times. In 2014, the average
profit sharing payment per employee was $33,984.
Coupled with average base
pay, total core compensation for Lincoln employees was $82,903. Over the past 10 years,
Lincoln’s profit-sharing payments averaged approximately 40 percent of annual salary.
1
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/sections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end1)
2
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/sections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end2)
3
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/sections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end3)
4
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/sections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end4)
4.1 Exploring Incentive Pay
4/15/20, 8:49 PM
Page 1 ...
Also, required are for each forum are three (3) 200-word minimum lenAzaleeRutledge285
Also, required are for each forum are three (3) 200-word minimum length replies to at least three different classmates, due by Sunday at 11:55 pm Eastern Time.
#1
On 26 December, 2004, a massive 9.1 earthquake struck the Indian Ocean sending a massive tsunami screaming towards Sri Lanka, Thailand, and even as far as South Africa over 5,000 miles from the earthquake’s epicenter. Over 280,000 people were killed, and over a million more were displaced from their homes (World Health Organization, 2005). The physical loses were great, but equally great, yet not equally as focused on, are the mental and emotional ramifications of such a devastating event. As Dr. Pau Perez Sales states (2005), “There are areas where everybody knew someone who has lost everything or who had one or more family members disappeared. The tsunami will be a landmark in the memory of many communities,” (qtd. in World Health Organization).
Recovering from such a destructive event that affected so many people is a tall order. Aid agencies quickly prepared for a rise in mental health issues in the area and began to devise strategies to increase mental health professional’s abilities to aid survivors in coping with the aftermath. However, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that over 50% of the affected population would experience mental issues, with 5-10% of those survivors experiencing severe issues. Additionally, a survey of survivors showed over 40% of children affected suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder (World Health Organization, 2005).
The potential for disaster recovery in a situation like this is slim. To start, the tsunami struck areas that are generally considered poor. Without things such as insurance, as well as the destruction of their homes and livelihoods, survivors lost everything with almost no hope of recovering what they once had. Most were left asking themselves, “what now?” Additionally, as previously noted, almost everyone affected ended up losing a friend or a loved one, which fractures social structures and can leave survivors without a will to carry on and reach a point of recovery.
I think it is hard to apply recovery principles to this event. Phase 1 in particular was not and does not apply, because there was no real chance to prepare for a disaster such as this. A vast majority of the areas struck by the tsunami were far enough away that they did not feel the earthquake. Perplexed beachgoers even chased the receding waterline before the tsunami struck (Roos, 2018). Additionally, a majority of the mental health professionals working after the event worked through outside aid agencies, and were not there before the event to integrate with the community (World Health Organization, 2005). Phase 2 was not present, because again, most of the aid provided was from outside aid agencies. There was no community bonding and so-called “hero phase”. This carries on into phase 3. This is perhaps the most prevalent phase for this pa ...
All
written assignments
submitted
via
TurnitIn
should
have
limited
similarity
indexes.
Similarity index
of
greater
than
20%
is
not
acceptable
and
is
viewed
as
an
indication
of
high plagiarism
content.
_____________________________________________
Minimum of 15 slides, cited and APA Style.
Presentation has to include Assessment, labs, confirmatory testing for these diseases, differential diagnosis, final diagnosis and treatment for each one of them. picture sample would be helpful.
Should you have any questions please dont hesitate to contact me.
Burns,
Pediatric primary care
Atopic, Rheumatic, and Immunodeficiency Disorders
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Hematologic Disorders
...
Already had this assignment before, but, need to have it rewritten sAzaleeRutledge285
Already had this assignment before, but, need to have it rewritten so its not the same thing again. Please rewrite and make it different. Information in references is already there but you can add it it.
Abstract
Children often are the ones that will suffer with the many disabilities. Most parents are denied custody in some cases of their children. The challenges that the parents face with the ever-intellectual disabilities with raising children. Several facts and arguments will be made to help with the support and the opposed individuals (parents) with intellectual disabilities trying to help with the up bring of their children. Helping with the support and the intervention, recommendations that are vital to this process will be outlined. With the challenges being made and the high expectations will all be met.
Introduction
People with disabilities have always been faced with problems that in most cases are associated with the perception of the members of the community. In most cases, they are people who cannot bring up healthy children. At the same time, they are perceived as people who do not have what it takes to be equal members of the society. However, the level of disability ought to be a consideration. Some of the people with disabilities have all it takes to raise their children and therefore they should not be denied the opportunity to do so. However, there is also a need to support them for the sake of making sure that their children are provided with all the resources they need to be as active as the children of healthy parents.
Historical trends to people with disabilities
The differences from ten years ago
There is a vast difference between what was happening ten years ago and what is happening now. In the modern day, the law and the members of the society have realized that disability is not inability. As a result, the law and the members of the society are trying to support the disabled rather than take away what they already have. Instead of taking away their children, measures to support them are put in place with the intention of making them enjoy parenthood and feel as part and parcel of the society (Cuskelly & Bryde, 2004).
How far we have come
The people with disabilities have been embraced more than ever. The private sector and the public sector are working together to make sure that people with disabilities are empowered. The steps include presenting the opportunities of employment, encouraging the disabled to be educated, nurturing their talents because some of them might not be good when it comes to academics, and making sure that they have access to the resources that are likely to make their lives better (Olsson & Hwang, 2001).
What still needs to be done
Significant strides have been made towards embracing the members of the society who have exceptionalities. However, more is yet to be done. It is imperative to remember that people with disabilities do not choose to be in their situations and a ...
Although 90 of all desktop computers use Windows as their operaAzaleeRutledge285
Although 90% of all desktop computers use Windows as their operating system, there are two popular alternatives - Apple's Mac OS and the Linux open-source operating system. In this assignment, you will investigate an operating system other than the one you usually use to see how it handles common operating system functions.
Find a friend, relative, or co-worker with a computer that uses an operating system that you don't usually use (Windows, Mac OS, or Linux). Try out the operating system, and observe how it works compared with the operating system that you normally use. Pick the 4 or 5 things you do the most and use those in your comparison. Some examples might be organizing files, creating documents, accessing the Internet, using e-mail, uninstalling software, etc. Do not compare two different Windows systems (for example, Windows 8 and Windows 10).
...
All,In this discussion thread, you are tasked with the selectionAzaleeRutledge285
All,
In this discussion thread, you are tasked with the selection of your 2 companies for the first quiz question for this module.
The quiz for Module 1 consists of 3 essay questions, worth 15 points each.
For the first question:
You are asked to identify 2 unique companies - one that you believe pursues a lowest-cost strategy and another that pursues a differentiation strategy.
Relying on personal knowledge, company annual reports, or articles in newspapers and business periodicals, discuss these companies' competitive strategies.
In this discussion thread, you will share with the class the 2 companies you have selected for your analysis. Each student is expected to select 2 unique companies - in other words, each company can be used only once for the question. So my suggestion is to select early and post here - the first student who selects the company will be allowed the use of that company. At that point, different companies must be selected.
student 1
A company that pursues the lowest-cost strategy would be Walmart, which I am sure comes to everyone's mind when thinking about this topic. If you are looking to buy products at the lowest price possible, Walmart is where to go. They can offer their products at “Everyday Low Prices” just as their slogan suggests on a large scale. Walmart can keep their prices low by the enormous volume of sales and the large customer base. Walmart cost-effectively manages its supply chain. “Supply chain management based on electronic product information, vendor role in distribution, and layout of warehouses: Walmart has a supply chain system that is regarded in multiple quarters as one of the most technologically advanced and efficient” (Hyde, 2018). In my opinion, Walmart sometimes has a bad reputation for not being the nicest looking or lacking cashiers, but that does not seem to matter as the price seems to drive their sales and people are taking advantage of their prices and products. I believe the growth for e-commerce will only help their sales and keep them on the top as a company that offers the lowest prices around.
A company that comes to mind that pursues the differentiation strategy is Chipolte Mexican Grill. Their number one focus is the quality of the ingredients that go into their food. Chipolte will not have the cheapest fast food but it will have the best quality ingredients compared to its competitors. According to Herosmyth (2020), Chipolte uses local and sustainable ingredients and pride’s itself in working with family farmers that are located within a 130-mile radius of each restaurant location. They also offer non-GMO ingredients that help them stick out from the rest. As their food is not the cheapest, their differentiation strategy is working as they are one of the top Mexican fast-food restaurants in the US.
Compensation professionals that utilize the differentiation strategy need to focus on their client’s needs and beliefs to be successful as the cost of th ...
All too often, we forget what rights and liberties that have been grAzaleeRutledge285
All too often, we forget what rights and liberties that have been granted to us as citizens and not to the government. This assignment will help you in reviewing some of the basic principles upon which the United States was founded.
In this assignment, you will examine the Bill of Rights, and then you will select one of the first 10 amendments. Provide your interpretation of the selection, and then compare it to another country’s citizen rights to ascertain if it would be permissible there.
In your essay, address the subjects below.
1) Examine overall civil rights and liberties for an individual in the United States.
2) Compare the selected Bill of Rights amendment to the rights of citizens from another country.
Your essay must be at least three (3) pages in length, not counting the title page and references page. You must include an introduction. Make certain to include a minimum of four sources, one of which should be the
article “The Bill of Rights: What Does It Say?”
and the
Unit VI Lesson Presentation video
Experts Define Pretrial Procedures
. All sources used must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations. Follow APA Style when constructing this assignment. Please note that no abstract is needed.
Links to Above Sources:
https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/bill-of-rights/what-does-it-say
Films Media Group. (2001).
Order in the court
.
Films On Demand
.
https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=11902
.
...
All three essay responses must be a minimum of 500 words in length.AzaleeRutledge285
All three essay responses must be a minimum of 500 words in length.
NO PLAGIARISM, facts.
1) Describe the mythic frontiersman and give examples of how this character has been portrayed in American culture. Within your response be sure to address the following questions: Did myths about the frontier reflect reality or an idealized version of frontier life? Why have Americans had such a fondness for the frontier myth? How did this myth influence the conservation movement?
2) Compare and contrast the approaches of Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. DuBois in dealing with the oppression of African-Americans during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Within your response be sure to address the following questions: What organizations did African-Americans form? What were the attitudes of progressives toward the plight of African-Americans? Were the problems of African-Americans handled differently at the federal, state, and local levels?
3) Generally discuss the Great Depression. As part of your discussion be sure to address the Depression's causes, and the efforts of the Hoover and Roosevelt administrations to bring the United States out o economic problems.
...
Also, required are for each forum are three (3) 200-word minimum lenAzaleeRutledge285
Also, required are for each forum are three (3) 200-word minimum length replies to at least three different classmates, due by Sunday at 11:55 pm Eastern Time.
#1
On 26 December, 2004, a massive 9.1 earthquake struck the Indian Ocean sending a massive tsunami screaming towards Sri Lanka, Thailand, and even as far as South Africa over 5,000 miles from the earthquake’s epicenter. Over 280,000 people were killed, and over a million more were displaced from their homes (World Health Organization, 2005). The physical loses were great, but equally great, yet not equally as focused on, are the mental and emotional ramifications of such a devastating event. As Dr. Pau Perez Sales states (2005), “There are areas where everybody knew someone who has lost everything or who had one or more family members disappeared. The tsunami will be a landmark in the memory of many communities,” (qtd. in World Health Organization).
Recovering from such a destructive event that affected so many people is a tall order. Aid agencies quickly prepared for a rise in mental health issues in the area and began to devise strategies to increase mental health professional’s abilities to aid survivors in coping with the aftermath. However, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that over 50% of the affected population would experience mental issues, with 5-10% of those survivors experiencing severe issues. Additionally, a survey of survivors showed over 40% of children affected suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder (World Health Organization, 2005).
The potential for disaster recovery in a situation like this is slim. To start, the tsunami struck areas that are generally considered poor. Without things such as insurance, as well as the destruction of their homes and livelihoods, survivors lost everything with almost no hope of recovering what they once had. Most were left asking themselves, “what now?” Additionally, as previously noted, almost everyone affected ended up losing a friend or a loved one, which fractures social structures and can leave survivors without a will to carry on and reach a point of recovery.
I think it is hard to apply recovery principles to this event. Phase 1 in particular was not and does not apply, because there was no real chance to prepare for a disaster such as this. A vast majority of the areas struck by the tsunami were far enough away that they did not feel the earthquake. Perplexed beachgoers even chased the receding waterline before the tsunami struck (Roos, 2018). Additionally, a majority of the mental health professionals working after the event worked through outside aid agencies, and were not there before the event to integrate with the community (World Health Organization, 2005). Phase 2 was not present, because again, most of the aid provided was from outside aid agencies. There was no community bonding and so-called “hero phase”. This carries on into phase 3. This is perhaps the most prevalent phase for this pa ...
All
written assignments
submitted
via
TurnitIn
should
have
limited
similarity
indexes.
Similarity index
of
greater
than
20%
is
not
acceptable
and
is
viewed
as
an
indication
of
high plagiarism
content.
_____________________________________________
Minimum of 15 slides, cited and APA Style.
Presentation has to include Assessment, labs, confirmatory testing for these diseases, differential diagnosis, final diagnosis and treatment for each one of them. picture sample would be helpful.
Should you have any questions please dont hesitate to contact me.
Burns,
Pediatric primary care
Atopic, Rheumatic, and Immunodeficiency Disorders
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Hematologic Disorders
...
Already had this assignment before, but, need to have it rewritten sAzaleeRutledge285
Already had this assignment before, but, need to have it rewritten so its not the same thing again. Please rewrite and make it different. Information in references is already there but you can add it it.
Abstract
Children often are the ones that will suffer with the many disabilities. Most parents are denied custody in some cases of their children. The challenges that the parents face with the ever-intellectual disabilities with raising children. Several facts and arguments will be made to help with the support and the opposed individuals (parents) with intellectual disabilities trying to help with the up bring of their children. Helping with the support and the intervention, recommendations that are vital to this process will be outlined. With the challenges being made and the high expectations will all be met.
Introduction
People with disabilities have always been faced with problems that in most cases are associated with the perception of the members of the community. In most cases, they are people who cannot bring up healthy children. At the same time, they are perceived as people who do not have what it takes to be equal members of the society. However, the level of disability ought to be a consideration. Some of the people with disabilities have all it takes to raise their children and therefore they should not be denied the opportunity to do so. However, there is also a need to support them for the sake of making sure that their children are provided with all the resources they need to be as active as the children of healthy parents.
Historical trends to people with disabilities
The differences from ten years ago
There is a vast difference between what was happening ten years ago and what is happening now. In the modern day, the law and the members of the society have realized that disability is not inability. As a result, the law and the members of the society are trying to support the disabled rather than take away what they already have. Instead of taking away their children, measures to support them are put in place with the intention of making them enjoy parenthood and feel as part and parcel of the society (Cuskelly & Bryde, 2004).
How far we have come
The people with disabilities have been embraced more than ever. The private sector and the public sector are working together to make sure that people with disabilities are empowered. The steps include presenting the opportunities of employment, encouraging the disabled to be educated, nurturing their talents because some of them might not be good when it comes to academics, and making sure that they have access to the resources that are likely to make their lives better (Olsson & Hwang, 2001).
What still needs to be done
Significant strides have been made towards embracing the members of the society who have exceptionalities. However, more is yet to be done. It is imperative to remember that people with disabilities do not choose to be in their situations and a ...
Although 90 of all desktop computers use Windows as their operaAzaleeRutledge285
Although 90% of all desktop computers use Windows as their operating system, there are two popular alternatives - Apple's Mac OS and the Linux open-source operating system. In this assignment, you will investigate an operating system other than the one you usually use to see how it handles common operating system functions.
Find a friend, relative, or co-worker with a computer that uses an operating system that you don't usually use (Windows, Mac OS, or Linux). Try out the operating system, and observe how it works compared with the operating system that you normally use. Pick the 4 or 5 things you do the most and use those in your comparison. Some examples might be organizing files, creating documents, accessing the Internet, using e-mail, uninstalling software, etc. Do not compare two different Windows systems (for example, Windows 8 and Windows 10).
...
All,In this discussion thread, you are tasked with the selectionAzaleeRutledge285
All,
In this discussion thread, you are tasked with the selection of your 2 companies for the first quiz question for this module.
The quiz for Module 1 consists of 3 essay questions, worth 15 points each.
For the first question:
You are asked to identify 2 unique companies - one that you believe pursues a lowest-cost strategy and another that pursues a differentiation strategy.
Relying on personal knowledge, company annual reports, or articles in newspapers and business periodicals, discuss these companies' competitive strategies.
In this discussion thread, you will share with the class the 2 companies you have selected for your analysis. Each student is expected to select 2 unique companies - in other words, each company can be used only once for the question. So my suggestion is to select early and post here - the first student who selects the company will be allowed the use of that company. At that point, different companies must be selected.
student 1
A company that pursues the lowest-cost strategy would be Walmart, which I am sure comes to everyone's mind when thinking about this topic. If you are looking to buy products at the lowest price possible, Walmart is where to go. They can offer their products at “Everyday Low Prices” just as their slogan suggests on a large scale. Walmart can keep their prices low by the enormous volume of sales and the large customer base. Walmart cost-effectively manages its supply chain. “Supply chain management based on electronic product information, vendor role in distribution, and layout of warehouses: Walmart has a supply chain system that is regarded in multiple quarters as one of the most technologically advanced and efficient” (Hyde, 2018). In my opinion, Walmart sometimes has a bad reputation for not being the nicest looking or lacking cashiers, but that does not seem to matter as the price seems to drive their sales and people are taking advantage of their prices and products. I believe the growth for e-commerce will only help their sales and keep them on the top as a company that offers the lowest prices around.
A company that comes to mind that pursues the differentiation strategy is Chipolte Mexican Grill. Their number one focus is the quality of the ingredients that go into their food. Chipolte will not have the cheapest fast food but it will have the best quality ingredients compared to its competitors. According to Herosmyth (2020), Chipolte uses local and sustainable ingredients and pride’s itself in working with family farmers that are located within a 130-mile radius of each restaurant location. They also offer non-GMO ingredients that help them stick out from the rest. As their food is not the cheapest, their differentiation strategy is working as they are one of the top Mexican fast-food restaurants in the US.
Compensation professionals that utilize the differentiation strategy need to focus on their client’s needs and beliefs to be successful as the cost of th ...
All too often, we forget what rights and liberties that have been grAzaleeRutledge285
All too often, we forget what rights and liberties that have been granted to us as citizens and not to the government. This assignment will help you in reviewing some of the basic principles upon which the United States was founded.
In this assignment, you will examine the Bill of Rights, and then you will select one of the first 10 amendments. Provide your interpretation of the selection, and then compare it to another country’s citizen rights to ascertain if it would be permissible there.
In your essay, address the subjects below.
1) Examine overall civil rights and liberties for an individual in the United States.
2) Compare the selected Bill of Rights amendment to the rights of citizens from another country.
Your essay must be at least three (3) pages in length, not counting the title page and references page. You must include an introduction. Make certain to include a minimum of four sources, one of which should be the
article “The Bill of Rights: What Does It Say?”
and the
Unit VI Lesson Presentation video
Experts Define Pretrial Procedures
. All sources used must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations. Follow APA Style when constructing this assignment. Please note that no abstract is needed.
Links to Above Sources:
https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/bill-of-rights/what-does-it-say
Films Media Group. (2001).
Order in the court
.
Films On Demand
.
https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=11902
.
...
All three essay responses must be a minimum of 500 words in length.AzaleeRutledge285
All three essay responses must be a minimum of 500 words in length.
NO PLAGIARISM, facts.
1) Describe the mythic frontiersman and give examples of how this character has been portrayed in American culture. Within your response be sure to address the following questions: Did myths about the frontier reflect reality or an idealized version of frontier life? Why have Americans had such a fondness for the frontier myth? How did this myth influence the conservation movement?
2) Compare and contrast the approaches of Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. DuBois in dealing with the oppression of African-Americans during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Within your response be sure to address the following questions: What organizations did African-Americans form? What were the attitudes of progressives toward the plight of African-Americans? Were the problems of African-Americans handled differently at the federal, state, and local levels?
3) Generally discuss the Great Depression. As part of your discussion be sure to address the Depression's causes, and the efforts of the Hoover and Roosevelt administrations to bring the United States out o economic problems.
...
All these three are the main question of the unit!AccordAzaleeRutledge285
All these three are the main question of the unit!
According to the unit, what experiential factors contribute to the liminal state of the featured ethnic minority women featured in the unit.?
According to the unit, how does liminality create a cultural chasm for the featured ethnic minority women from the unit? (Use 2 forms of support different from #1)
According to the unit, how does challenging white supremacy leverage resilience?
RESILIENCE was featured in unit 2 by exemplifying ethnic minority women sharing their experiential factors in their struggle living in a liminal state, where balancing their identity between the cultural chasm and white supremacy is part of their everyday life.
Unit Outcomes
To identify the liminal experience women of color endure.
To engage in the pull and tug of having to choose between which parts of their mothers' heritages and the knowledge of themselves in the effort to become resilient
Unit Language
Liminality
Cultural Chasm
White Supremacy
UNIT CONTENT
Film List
These films may be rented via Amazon Prime, iTunes, Google Play or YouTube if you do not have access to the film. Since we save lots of money on textbooks for this course, a rental will be worth it. Many public libraries also have access to these films.
Lakota Woman
Mary Crow Dog, daughter of a desperately poor Indian family in South Dakota, is swept up in the protests of the 1960s and becomes sensitized to the injustices that society inflicts on her people. She aids the Lakota in their struggle for their rights: a struggle that culminates in an armed standoff with US government forces at the site of an 1890 massacre
(free via YouTube)
The Joy Luck Club
(available via rental on YouTube and Google Play or buy it via iTunes)
Here is the trailer:
The Joy Luck Club - Trailer
The Color of Purple
(available via rental YouTube, iTunes and Google Play))
Here is the trailer
The Color Purple (1985) Official Trailer - Oprah Winfrey, Steven Spielberg Movie HD
Real Women Have Curves
(HBO & available for rental in iTunes, YouTube, Amazon Prime & Google Play)
Here is the tailer
Real Women Have Curves (2002) - Trailer (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
Nappily Ever After
(Netflix)
Here is the trailer
Nappily Ever After | Official Trailer [HD] | Netflix (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
To All the Boys I've Loved Before
(Netflix)
Here is the trailer:
To All The Boys I've Loved Before | Official Trailer [HD] | Netflix (Links to an external site.)Links to an external
Good Hair
(available for rental in iTunes, YouTube, Amazon Prime & Google Play)
Here is the trailer:
Good Hair ft. Chris Rock- HD Official Trailer (Links to an external site.)Links to an external sit
These Directions are reply every single question method explain, support.
Directions:
Restate the question into a statement. For example, change the ques ...
All the requirements are in the first docx.The format requiremenAzaleeRutledge285
All the requirements are in the first docx.
The format requirements are in the second docx.
You need to finish: 1. a media plan 2. one page advertising page 3. one page pop up.
You
don't
need to do anything about research report. Just pass it.
the template of media plan is provided.
This is for final and you must do it very carefully. THANKS.
...
All the information must be from the power-points no other sourceAzaleeRutledge285
All the information must be from the power-points:
no other sources allowed.
Also, you must put the
information in your OWN WORDS
.
1. THE COUNCIL OF NICAEA
a) When was this council, and who called it?
b) What was the viewpoint of Athanasius?
c) What was the viewpoint of Arius?
d) What was the short-term result of the Council, and what does it have to do with Christianity today?
...
All students are required to have completed 5 Deaf Culture HoursAzaleeRutledge285
All students are required to have completed 5 Deaf Culture Hours. Upon completion, please type a 2 typed page report detailing your thoughts and feelings you had during the Deaf Culture events, watching movies and reading Deaf culture books. The report is cumulative for all 5 Deaf Culture hours.
Please type the report in double spaced Arial and 12 font then please do both: upload the document into canvas and also bring the hard copy to me in person with the report be stapled.
...
All the info you will need are uploaded.Before you contact me maAzaleeRutledge285
All the info you will need are uploaded.
Before you contact me make sure that you can do and guarantee me an A+.
I'll make sure that you understand all the details before I accept the bid.
There is a Word Document including several of resources use only the once provided DON'T USE OTHER SOURCES!
...
All women around the world in some stage of their life career AzaleeRutledge285
All women around the world in some stage of their life career need to break the "glass ceiling" to
accomplish their career goals. The ceiling is located above the lowest middle-level management positions
and prevents women from attaining higher management positions (Glass Ceiling Commission 1995).
Equality in the workplace has resulted in equal opportunities been presented to the male and female gender.
Equity programs, as well as rising education levels among the female gender, have led to changes in career
paths for women. Additionally, work-life balance policies presented to women in organizations have
enhanced equality. However, despite the considerable advancements and considerations in gender equality at
the workplace, the glass ceiling remains to be a threat to a career for ethnic minorities and especially Saudi
Arabian women. The glass ceiling acts as a barrier that prohibits black women from advancing to top
managerial positions in the organizations in the United States. The barrier presents gender differences and
inequalities that increase throughout a black woman’s career. Promotions are limited in male-dominated
organizations, as well as female characteristics been used to justify the glass ceiling effect. The essay will
discuss the threats imposed by the glass ceiling on Saudi women’s career development through close analysis
from different theories such as feminism theory, and critical race theory.
Saudi:
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has experienced a rapid and impressive growth of women participating
in all levels of education in recent years. However, there are many areas of the educational sector
where gender segregation is still prevalent especially in relation to access to the best educators and
resources (Smith & Abouammah, 2013). In the last 19 years, Saudi Arabia has invested a significant
amount of money in its educational sector and has raised the overall number of faculty members, both
men and women, by 175%. According to Jamjoom and Kelly (2013),
In 2011, women gained access to political power. King Abdullah announced that women would be
allowed to vote, as well as run for elections, in the 2015 municipal elections (Alkayed, 2015). Saudi
women were allowed to join the Shura Council, “the traditionally all men body which drafts laws,
debates major issues, and provides advice to the king” (Hamdan, 2013, para.1). After joining the
Shura Council in 2013, women then became appointed as deputy chairpersons of three committees
within the Shura Council in the same year. All of these actions have helped to open doors to
managerial and leadership positions within many other organizations in Saudi Arabia (Alkayed,
2015).
However, despite the new increased role of women in leadership positions in Saudi Arabia, they still
faced difficulties compared to their male counterparts due to personal, institutional, and cultural
challenges which can affect their effectivene ...
All responses are to be written in essay format and should include sAzaleeRutledge285
All responses are to be written in essay format and should include specific details from the lectures and readings to illustrate understanding of the material. Students must have two in-text citations, either the lectures or the readings, for the post. Quotes should be kept to a minimum. Your response should be a minimum of 400words. Remember to use proper grammar, spelling, punctuation and APA style. Provide a word count at the bottom of your post. Also include In text citations from Readings
...
All posts must be a minimum of 250 words. APA reference. 100 originAzaleeRutledge285
This document outlines 4 questions for an assignment requiring a minimum 250 word response per question using APA style referencing and 100% original content. The questions cover describing 5 attacks on authentication systems, outlining the symmetric encryption process and its components, summarizing situations where file encryption is used, and describing categories of asymmetric encryption algorithms and their practical uses.
All papers may be subject to submission for textual similarity revieAzaleeRutledge285
All papers may be subject to submission for textual similarity review to Turnitin.com for the detection of plagiarism
those are the two quistions
What are the disadvantages of Henrietta in particular and her colleagues, pursuing careers in astronomy during this time period? Choose one scene and describe how character relationships and the outcome of the play would change if the central characters were male instead of female.
--
I don't have the book , i need someone who can have it and answer the two questions
silent sky by lauren gunderson
answer 2 questions in 4 pages double space
...
All I want 5 pages research on the following questions.1- WhatAzaleeRutledge285
All I want 5 pages research on the following questions.
1- What is Design build mean (DB) ?
2- What does it mean to have a Design build (DB) project ?
3- What Risks and Liabilities for the parties ?
4- a graph of the design build method process.
...
All living organisms have basic needs. Access to food and water are AzaleeRutledge285
All living organisms have basic needs. Access to food and water are two of them.
Explain why macromolecules (food) and water are essential to life at the cellular level.
Consider the equation Food + Water + x = Life, what additional factor (x) would you add? Explain why you consider that this factor is essential to life.
...
All documents are reproduced with the permission of the copyrighAzaleeRutledge285
All documents are reproduced with the permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction or distribution is prohibited without permission.
Please do not reply directly to this email.
annette tyler sent you the following:
Email 1 of 1
Table of contents
Document 1 of 1
US hotel industry revenue: an ARDL bounds testing approach
Author: Chen, Han1; Chen, Rui2; Shaniel Bernard3; Rahman, Imran31 Lester E. Kabacoff School of Hotel, Restaurant and Tourism Administration, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA2 Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Auburn University, Auburn, USA3 Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, USA
Publication info: International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management ; Bradford Vol. 31, Iss. 4, (2019): 1720-1743.
Abstract:
Purpose
This study aims to develop a parsimonious model to estimate US aggregate hotel industry revenue using domestic trips, consumer confidence index, international inbound trips, personal consumption expenditure and number of hotel rooms as predictor variables. Additionally, the study applied the model in six sub-segments of the hotel industry – luxury, upper upscale, upscale, upper midscale, midscale and economy.
Design/methodology/approach
Using monthly aggregate data from the past 22 years, the study adopted the auto-regressive distribute lags (ARDL) approach in developing the estimation model. Unit root analysis and cointegration test were further utilized. The model showed significant utility in accurately estimating aggregate hotel industry and sub-segment revenue.
Findings
All predictor variables except number of rooms showed significant positive influences on aggregate hotel industry revenue. Substantial variations were noted regarding estimating sub-segment revenue. Consumer confidence index positively affected all sub-segment revenues, except for upper upscale hotels. Inbound trips by international tourists and personal consumption expenditure positively influenced revenue for all sub-segments but economy hotels. Domestic trips by US residents added significant explanatory power to only upper upscale, upscale and economy hotel revenue. Number of hotel rooms only had significant negative effect on luxury and upper upscale hotel sub-segment revenues.
Practical implications
Hotel operators can make marketing and operating decisions regarding pricing, inventory allocation and strategic management based on the revenue estimation models specific to their segments.
Originality/value
It is the first study that adopted the ARDL bound approach and analyzed the predictive capacity of macroeconomic variables on aggregate hotel industry and sub-segment revenue.
Links:
Full text:
1. Introduction
The tourism industry has positioned itself as one of the nation’s largest employers representing 8.0 per cent of US GDP (World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), 2015). The lodging industry, being one of its ...
All cancers are characterized by uncontrollable cell growth and diviAzaleeRutledge285
All cancers are characterized by uncontrollable cell growth and division, and when untreated, may be fatal. Cancers that occur in childhood are usually more malignant than those developed later in life.
1) Why do you suppose there is a higher degree of malignancy in childhood cancer?
2) Why are childhood cancers more likely to have a hereditary predisposition than adult onset cancers?
3) What is an example of a childhood cancer?
...
ALI 150
C. Stammler
Exploring “
Definition”
Essays
For
each
assigned reading do the following for your analytical response:
Note: Your analysis must be
TYPED
and it is
Due the Date the reading is due.
(no late work accepted)
Read and Annotate
the Text
Analyze: In your response, include the following information for EACH TITLED TEXT:
Title and Author
1.
Thesis: What is the PRIMARY DEFINITION?
A. If it is a Direct Thesis, copy it down. (include para)
B. If you could not locate a “Direct Thesis” and thus it is an “Indirect” or implied Thesis; write down what you believe is the thesis of the paper.
C. Answer: Do you agree or disagree with the author’s assertion or definition of the term?
2.
Supporting Arguments:
A. What are the main arguments or supporting “definitions”? (there may be several: provide minimum 4)
B. Are these arguments or definitions persuasive? Why or why not?
3.
Definition:
How do
you
define the term (word or concept) of the essay in your
own words
?
Write your own defining statement
[
example:
To me,
“word”
means……]
4.
Vocabulary
: Choose 3 new words from the text to learn. Provide the following:
A. Paragraph/line it is found in
B. The definition/ synonym
C. Word family (noun/ adj/ adverb/ verb)- as available
D. An example: use the word in a QUALITY sentence that demonstrates the meaning and your understanding of the word.
5.
Critical Thinking:
Why is this term important? Consider all aspects: to the text, to you, to various audiences, culturally, socially, globally (write a complete paragraph)
Scoring: 25 points each
/
Reading Schedule:
See course outline
...
Alcohol and Tobacco
CHAPTER 12
*
Chapter 12
Alcohol and Tobacco
Learning Outcomes:Describe the impact of alcohol misuse among college students, and define binge drinkingDefine a standard drinkDescribe the symptoms of alcohol poisoning, and state what you should do if someone exhibits any of the symptomsEvaluate your drinking habits and list any health risks you are taking
Chapter 12
Alcohol and Tobacco
Learning Outcomes (continued):Describe some of the tobacco-control
policies on college campusesList the health effects of smoking
tobacco or using smokeless tobaccoDiscuss several recommended ways
to quit smokingDescribe the health effects of environmental or secondhand tobacco smokeAssess the health risks you may have experienced as a result of your own or others’ use of tobacco
Why Students Drink
Common Influences
Social norms Participation in Sports
Party Schools Coping
Living Arrangements Parental approval
Celebrations First-year transition
High Risk Drinking
High Risk Drinking:
binge drinking: man – 5 or more drinks; woman – 4 or more drinks at single sitting
pre-drinking: consuming alcoholic beverages before going to bars or parties
underage drinking:
drinking with disordered eating:
consumption of caffeinated alcoholic drinks
Risks & Consequences of DrinkingAtypical BehaviorAcademic ProblemsRisky Sexual BehaviorSexual AssaultUnintentional InjuryConsequences after collegeIllness and death
Consumption of large quantities of alcohol in short amount of time increases the risks & consequences even more
Alcohol Standard drink – equivalent to ½ oz. of 100% ethyl alcohol 12oz bottle/can of 5% alcohol beerOne glass (4-5oz) of wine (12% alcohol)One small glass (2 ½ oz) of fortified wine( 20%)One shot (10z) of distilled spirits (50%)
Factors affecting BAC
How much and how quickly you drink
What you’re drinking
Your size Your age
Your gender Your race
Other drugs Expectations
Family history Tolerance
Eating Stress/Fatigue
Alcohol Poisoning – Know the signsMental confusion, stupor, coma, or person cannot be rousedVomitingSeizureSlow breathing (<8 breaths/min)Irregular breathing ( 10s+ between breaths)Hypothermia
This is a medical emergency - seek help immediately – Call 911
Acute and Long-term Effects of Alcohol Abuse
Alcohol Problems
Alcohol abuse: continued use of alcohol despite awareness of social, occupational, psychological, or physical problems related to drinking or drinking in dangerous ways or situations
Alcohol dependence: development of a strong craving for alcohol because it produces pleasurable feelings or relieves stress
Alcoholism: a chronic, progressive, potentially fatal disease characterized by impaired control of drinking, a preoccupation with alcohol, continued use despite adverse consequences
Why People Start SmokingLimited EducationUnderestimation of RisksAdolescent Experimentation and RebellionStressParent Role ModelsAddictionGeneticsWe ...
AIn this frenetic climate, we tend to focus on developing inAzaleeRutledge285
A
In this frenetic climate, we tend to focus on developing individuals' cybersecurity knowledge and talent and putting them on the front line as quickly as possible. In the mad rush, we often forget to consider how new recruits could potentially abuse these abilities on the job or in the wild. Lacking context on cybersecurity ethics, individuals must defer to their personal moral compass. How does this lead to good decisions as often as it leads to mistakes?
B
"Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Cyber Security," located within the required readings, what do you believe are the implications of "innovation and machine learning and the threat of 'modification of facts' to cyber security"?
...
Alessandro Guiseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta was an Italian physiAzaleeRutledge285
Alessandro Guiseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta was an Italian physicist, inventor and chemist who lived during the 8th century. Volta made several significant discoveries that contributed to electrical theory in his time. One of the more significant discoveries led to the invention of the battery. He is honored for his contribution by the use of the term “volt” to describe a unit of electric potential.
Volta hadn’t set out to invent the battery. In fact, he was attempting to prove another scientist, Luigi Galvani, wrong about his assertion that there was a separate type of electricity produced within animals that would cause movement in animal muscle tissue that he called “animal electricity.” Galvani found that a frog’s legs would move when contact was made by them connecting two metal plates. Volta believed that there was not a different form of electricity that was unique to living things, and through his experimentation found that the frog’s legs had simply acted as the electrolyte within a crude electric cell. He found that any sort of moisture would have a similar galvanizing effect, and the key to the electrical flow through the frog’s legs actually had to do with the electrode potential of the two different types of metals (Alessandro Volta, 2014).
Volta went on to thoroughly prove his theory of electrical contact, developing a list of conductors, arranging them from highest electromotive force to lowest. He found that the further apart the conductors are from each other on this list, the higher voltage they will produce. He also found that connecting more and more pairs of these dissimilar metals with a moist card would produce even more significant electrical potential (Alessandro Volta, 2014). In this way, in 1800, the battery was born.
The discovery not only assisted in the advance of electrical technologies, but other sciences as well. Contemporaries of Volta’s in the field of chemistry had very shortly used his battery to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen. Others had successfully used electrical charge to isolate new chemical elements. By 1820, Oersted was using the battery to investigate the relationship between electricity and magnetism. By 1821, Faraday was using the battery to produce an electric motor (Alessandro Volta, 2014).
All electrical devices rely on electrical current. Volta’s invention paved the road for every type of modern electrical technology, and in turn, the development of our technologically-based civilization.
References:
Alessandro Volta. (2014). Famous Scientists. Famousscientists.org. [web]. Retrieved March 11, 2019 from https://www.famousscientists.org/alessandro-volta/
...
Alade,_Boluwatife_seminar_write
_up.docx
by
Submission date: 09-Jun-2020 11:55AM (UTC+0200)
Submission ID: 1340642778
File name: Alade,_Boluwatife_seminar_write_up.docx (146.22K)
Word count: 13662
Character count: 77655
61%
SIMILARITY INDEX
54%
INTERNET SOURCES
60%
PUBLICATIONS
14%
STUDENT PAPERS
1 32%
2 5%
3 4%
4 1%
5 1%
6 1%
7
Alade,_Boluwatife_seminar_write_up.docx
ORIGINALITY REPORT
PRIMARY SOURCES
www.mdpi.com
Internet Source
www.intechopen.com
Internet Source
academicjournals.org
Internet Source
link.springer.com
Internet Source
Andrea Patriarca, Virginia Fernández Pinto.
"Prevalence of mycotoxins in foods and
decontamination", Current Opinion in Food
Science, 2017
Publication
Agriopoulou, Stamatelopoulou, Varzakas.
"Advances in Occurrence, Importance, and
Mycotoxin Control Strategies: Prevention and
Detoxification in Foods", Foods, 2020
Publication
www.tandfonline.com
1%
8 1%
9 1%
10 1%
11 1%
12 1%
13 1%
14 1%
Internet Source
Belqes Ahmad Al-Jaal, Morana Jaganjac, Andrei
Barcaru, Peter Horvatovich, Aishah Latiff.
"Aflatoxin, fumonisin, ochratoxin, zearalenone
and deoxynivalenol biomarkers in human
biological fluids: A systematic literature review,
2001–2018", Food and Chemical Toxicology,
2019
Publication
www.frontiersin.org
Internet Source
www.toxicolres.org
Internet Source
ngmycotoxin.org
Internet Source
agrihunt.com
Internet Source
Mohamed E. Zain. "Impact of mycotoxins on
humans and animals", Journal of Saudi
Chemical Society, 2011
Publication
Mohamed Amine Gacem, Hiba Gacem, Alia
Telli, Aminata Ould El Hadj Khelil. "Mycotoxins",
Elsevier BV, 2020
Publication
15 1%
16 1%
17 <1%
18 <1%
19 <1%
20 <1%
21 <1%
Submitted to Cranfield University
Student Paper
"Magnetic Nanostructures", Springer Science
and Business Media LLC, 2019
Publication
JM Milani. "Ecological conditions affecting
mycotoxin production in cereals: a review",
Veterinární Medicína, 2013
Publication
Sefater Gbashi, Ntakadzeni Edwin Madala,
Sarah De Saeger, Marthe De Boevre et al.
"Chapter 1 The Socio-Economic Impact of
Mycotoxin Contamination in Africa", IntechOpen,
2019
Publication
www.cogentoa.com
Internet Source
Md Atiqul Haque, Yihui Wang, Zhiqiang Shen,
Xiaohui Li, Muhammad Kashif Saleemi, Cheng
He. "Mycotoxin contamination and control
strategy in human, domestic animal and poultry:
A review", Microbial Pathogenesis, 2020
Publication
Radmilo Čolović, Nikola Puvača, Federica Cheli,
Giuseppina Avantaggiato et al.
"Decontamination of Mycotoxin-Contaminated
22 <1%
23 <1%
24 <1%
25 <1%
26 <1%
27 <1%
28 <1%
29 <1%
30
Feedstuffs and Compound Feed", Toxins, 2019
Publication
uir.unisa.ac.za
Internet Source
Ying Luo, Xiaojiao Liu, Jianke Li. "Updating
techniques on controlling mycotoxins - A
review", Food Control, 2018
Publication
res.mdpi.com
Internet Source
eprints.bice.rm.cnr.it
Internet Source
issuu.com
Internet Source
G. ...
Age Is Only a NumberIf one lives long enough, they reach the pAzaleeRutledge285
Age Is Only a Number
If one lives long enough, they reach the point when people begin to see them as old. This week look at the Presentation for Inequalities of Gender and Age. Click through the presentation slides until you come to the section on Age. Watch the videos (there are several) then think about these questions?
At what age do you consider a person old?
Why do you think that they are old at that age?
How does American society deal with its aging members?
Pick another country in some other part of the world and tell me how they deal with the aging in a different manner than the United States.
...
All these three are the main question of the unit!AccordAzaleeRutledge285
All these three are the main question of the unit!
According to the unit, what experiential factors contribute to the liminal state of the featured ethnic minority women featured in the unit.?
According to the unit, how does liminality create a cultural chasm for the featured ethnic minority women from the unit? (Use 2 forms of support different from #1)
According to the unit, how does challenging white supremacy leverage resilience?
RESILIENCE was featured in unit 2 by exemplifying ethnic minority women sharing their experiential factors in their struggle living in a liminal state, where balancing their identity between the cultural chasm and white supremacy is part of their everyday life.
Unit Outcomes
To identify the liminal experience women of color endure.
To engage in the pull and tug of having to choose between which parts of their mothers' heritages and the knowledge of themselves in the effort to become resilient
Unit Language
Liminality
Cultural Chasm
White Supremacy
UNIT CONTENT
Film List
These films may be rented via Amazon Prime, iTunes, Google Play or YouTube if you do not have access to the film. Since we save lots of money on textbooks for this course, a rental will be worth it. Many public libraries also have access to these films.
Lakota Woman
Mary Crow Dog, daughter of a desperately poor Indian family in South Dakota, is swept up in the protests of the 1960s and becomes sensitized to the injustices that society inflicts on her people. She aids the Lakota in their struggle for their rights: a struggle that culminates in an armed standoff with US government forces at the site of an 1890 massacre
(free via YouTube)
The Joy Luck Club
(available via rental on YouTube and Google Play or buy it via iTunes)
Here is the trailer:
The Joy Luck Club - Trailer
The Color of Purple
(available via rental YouTube, iTunes and Google Play))
Here is the trailer
The Color Purple (1985) Official Trailer - Oprah Winfrey, Steven Spielberg Movie HD
Real Women Have Curves
(HBO & available for rental in iTunes, YouTube, Amazon Prime & Google Play)
Here is the tailer
Real Women Have Curves (2002) - Trailer (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
Nappily Ever After
(Netflix)
Here is the trailer
Nappily Ever After | Official Trailer [HD] | Netflix (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
To All the Boys I've Loved Before
(Netflix)
Here is the trailer:
To All The Boys I've Loved Before | Official Trailer [HD] | Netflix (Links to an external site.)Links to an external
Good Hair
(available for rental in iTunes, YouTube, Amazon Prime & Google Play)
Here is the trailer:
Good Hair ft. Chris Rock- HD Official Trailer (Links to an external site.)Links to an external sit
These Directions are reply every single question method explain, support.
Directions:
Restate the question into a statement. For example, change the ques ...
All the requirements are in the first docx.The format requiremenAzaleeRutledge285
All the requirements are in the first docx.
The format requirements are in the second docx.
You need to finish: 1. a media plan 2. one page advertising page 3. one page pop up.
You
don't
need to do anything about research report. Just pass it.
the template of media plan is provided.
This is for final and you must do it very carefully. THANKS.
...
All the information must be from the power-points no other sourceAzaleeRutledge285
All the information must be from the power-points:
no other sources allowed.
Also, you must put the
information in your OWN WORDS
.
1. THE COUNCIL OF NICAEA
a) When was this council, and who called it?
b) What was the viewpoint of Athanasius?
c) What was the viewpoint of Arius?
d) What was the short-term result of the Council, and what does it have to do with Christianity today?
...
All students are required to have completed 5 Deaf Culture HoursAzaleeRutledge285
All students are required to have completed 5 Deaf Culture Hours. Upon completion, please type a 2 typed page report detailing your thoughts and feelings you had during the Deaf Culture events, watching movies and reading Deaf culture books. The report is cumulative for all 5 Deaf Culture hours.
Please type the report in double spaced Arial and 12 font then please do both: upload the document into canvas and also bring the hard copy to me in person with the report be stapled.
...
All the info you will need are uploaded.Before you contact me maAzaleeRutledge285
All the info you will need are uploaded.
Before you contact me make sure that you can do and guarantee me an A+.
I'll make sure that you understand all the details before I accept the bid.
There is a Word Document including several of resources use only the once provided DON'T USE OTHER SOURCES!
...
All women around the world in some stage of their life career AzaleeRutledge285
All women around the world in some stage of their life career need to break the "glass ceiling" to
accomplish their career goals. The ceiling is located above the lowest middle-level management positions
and prevents women from attaining higher management positions (Glass Ceiling Commission 1995).
Equality in the workplace has resulted in equal opportunities been presented to the male and female gender.
Equity programs, as well as rising education levels among the female gender, have led to changes in career
paths for women. Additionally, work-life balance policies presented to women in organizations have
enhanced equality. However, despite the considerable advancements and considerations in gender equality at
the workplace, the glass ceiling remains to be a threat to a career for ethnic minorities and especially Saudi
Arabian women. The glass ceiling acts as a barrier that prohibits black women from advancing to top
managerial positions in the organizations in the United States. The barrier presents gender differences and
inequalities that increase throughout a black woman’s career. Promotions are limited in male-dominated
organizations, as well as female characteristics been used to justify the glass ceiling effect. The essay will
discuss the threats imposed by the glass ceiling on Saudi women’s career development through close analysis
from different theories such as feminism theory, and critical race theory.
Saudi:
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has experienced a rapid and impressive growth of women participating
in all levels of education in recent years. However, there are many areas of the educational sector
where gender segregation is still prevalent especially in relation to access to the best educators and
resources (Smith & Abouammah, 2013). In the last 19 years, Saudi Arabia has invested a significant
amount of money in its educational sector and has raised the overall number of faculty members, both
men and women, by 175%. According to Jamjoom and Kelly (2013),
In 2011, women gained access to political power. King Abdullah announced that women would be
allowed to vote, as well as run for elections, in the 2015 municipal elections (Alkayed, 2015). Saudi
women were allowed to join the Shura Council, “the traditionally all men body which drafts laws,
debates major issues, and provides advice to the king” (Hamdan, 2013, para.1). After joining the
Shura Council in 2013, women then became appointed as deputy chairpersons of three committees
within the Shura Council in the same year. All of these actions have helped to open doors to
managerial and leadership positions within many other organizations in Saudi Arabia (Alkayed,
2015).
However, despite the new increased role of women in leadership positions in Saudi Arabia, they still
faced difficulties compared to their male counterparts due to personal, institutional, and cultural
challenges which can affect their effectivene ...
All responses are to be written in essay format and should include sAzaleeRutledge285
All responses are to be written in essay format and should include specific details from the lectures and readings to illustrate understanding of the material. Students must have two in-text citations, either the lectures or the readings, for the post. Quotes should be kept to a minimum. Your response should be a minimum of 400words. Remember to use proper grammar, spelling, punctuation and APA style. Provide a word count at the bottom of your post. Also include In text citations from Readings
...
All posts must be a minimum of 250 words. APA reference. 100 originAzaleeRutledge285
This document outlines 4 questions for an assignment requiring a minimum 250 word response per question using APA style referencing and 100% original content. The questions cover describing 5 attacks on authentication systems, outlining the symmetric encryption process and its components, summarizing situations where file encryption is used, and describing categories of asymmetric encryption algorithms and their practical uses.
All papers may be subject to submission for textual similarity revieAzaleeRutledge285
All papers may be subject to submission for textual similarity review to Turnitin.com for the detection of plagiarism
those are the two quistions
What are the disadvantages of Henrietta in particular and her colleagues, pursuing careers in astronomy during this time period? Choose one scene and describe how character relationships and the outcome of the play would change if the central characters were male instead of female.
--
I don't have the book , i need someone who can have it and answer the two questions
silent sky by lauren gunderson
answer 2 questions in 4 pages double space
...
All I want 5 pages research on the following questions.1- WhatAzaleeRutledge285
All I want 5 pages research on the following questions.
1- What is Design build mean (DB) ?
2- What does it mean to have a Design build (DB) project ?
3- What Risks and Liabilities for the parties ?
4- a graph of the design build method process.
...
All living organisms have basic needs. Access to food and water are AzaleeRutledge285
All living organisms have basic needs. Access to food and water are two of them.
Explain why macromolecules (food) and water are essential to life at the cellular level.
Consider the equation Food + Water + x = Life, what additional factor (x) would you add? Explain why you consider that this factor is essential to life.
...
All documents are reproduced with the permission of the copyrighAzaleeRutledge285
All documents are reproduced with the permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction or distribution is prohibited without permission.
Please do not reply directly to this email.
annette tyler sent you the following:
Email 1 of 1
Table of contents
Document 1 of 1
US hotel industry revenue: an ARDL bounds testing approach
Author: Chen, Han1; Chen, Rui2; Shaniel Bernard3; Rahman, Imran31 Lester E. Kabacoff School of Hotel, Restaurant and Tourism Administration, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA2 Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Auburn University, Auburn, USA3 Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, USA
Publication info: International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management ; Bradford Vol. 31, Iss. 4, (2019): 1720-1743.
Abstract:
Purpose
This study aims to develop a parsimonious model to estimate US aggregate hotel industry revenue using domestic trips, consumer confidence index, international inbound trips, personal consumption expenditure and number of hotel rooms as predictor variables. Additionally, the study applied the model in six sub-segments of the hotel industry – luxury, upper upscale, upscale, upper midscale, midscale and economy.
Design/methodology/approach
Using monthly aggregate data from the past 22 years, the study adopted the auto-regressive distribute lags (ARDL) approach in developing the estimation model. Unit root analysis and cointegration test were further utilized. The model showed significant utility in accurately estimating aggregate hotel industry and sub-segment revenue.
Findings
All predictor variables except number of rooms showed significant positive influences on aggregate hotel industry revenue. Substantial variations were noted regarding estimating sub-segment revenue. Consumer confidence index positively affected all sub-segment revenues, except for upper upscale hotels. Inbound trips by international tourists and personal consumption expenditure positively influenced revenue for all sub-segments but economy hotels. Domestic trips by US residents added significant explanatory power to only upper upscale, upscale and economy hotel revenue. Number of hotel rooms only had significant negative effect on luxury and upper upscale hotel sub-segment revenues.
Practical implications
Hotel operators can make marketing and operating decisions regarding pricing, inventory allocation and strategic management based on the revenue estimation models specific to their segments.
Originality/value
It is the first study that adopted the ARDL bound approach and analyzed the predictive capacity of macroeconomic variables on aggregate hotel industry and sub-segment revenue.
Links:
Full text:
1. Introduction
The tourism industry has positioned itself as one of the nation’s largest employers representing 8.0 per cent of US GDP (World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), 2015). The lodging industry, being one of its ...
All cancers are characterized by uncontrollable cell growth and diviAzaleeRutledge285
All cancers are characterized by uncontrollable cell growth and division, and when untreated, may be fatal. Cancers that occur in childhood are usually more malignant than those developed later in life.
1) Why do you suppose there is a higher degree of malignancy in childhood cancer?
2) Why are childhood cancers more likely to have a hereditary predisposition than adult onset cancers?
3) What is an example of a childhood cancer?
...
ALI 150
C. Stammler
Exploring “
Definition”
Essays
For
each
assigned reading do the following for your analytical response:
Note: Your analysis must be
TYPED
and it is
Due the Date the reading is due.
(no late work accepted)
Read and Annotate
the Text
Analyze: In your response, include the following information for EACH TITLED TEXT:
Title and Author
1.
Thesis: What is the PRIMARY DEFINITION?
A. If it is a Direct Thesis, copy it down. (include para)
B. If you could not locate a “Direct Thesis” and thus it is an “Indirect” or implied Thesis; write down what you believe is the thesis of the paper.
C. Answer: Do you agree or disagree with the author’s assertion or definition of the term?
2.
Supporting Arguments:
A. What are the main arguments or supporting “definitions”? (there may be several: provide minimum 4)
B. Are these arguments or definitions persuasive? Why or why not?
3.
Definition:
How do
you
define the term (word or concept) of the essay in your
own words
?
Write your own defining statement
[
example:
To me,
“word”
means……]
4.
Vocabulary
: Choose 3 new words from the text to learn. Provide the following:
A. Paragraph/line it is found in
B. The definition/ synonym
C. Word family (noun/ adj/ adverb/ verb)- as available
D. An example: use the word in a QUALITY sentence that demonstrates the meaning and your understanding of the word.
5.
Critical Thinking:
Why is this term important? Consider all aspects: to the text, to you, to various audiences, culturally, socially, globally (write a complete paragraph)
Scoring: 25 points each
/
Reading Schedule:
See course outline
...
Alcohol and Tobacco
CHAPTER 12
*
Chapter 12
Alcohol and Tobacco
Learning Outcomes:Describe the impact of alcohol misuse among college students, and define binge drinkingDefine a standard drinkDescribe the symptoms of alcohol poisoning, and state what you should do if someone exhibits any of the symptomsEvaluate your drinking habits and list any health risks you are taking
Chapter 12
Alcohol and Tobacco
Learning Outcomes (continued):Describe some of the tobacco-control
policies on college campusesList the health effects of smoking
tobacco or using smokeless tobaccoDiscuss several recommended ways
to quit smokingDescribe the health effects of environmental or secondhand tobacco smokeAssess the health risks you may have experienced as a result of your own or others’ use of tobacco
Why Students Drink
Common Influences
Social norms Participation in Sports
Party Schools Coping
Living Arrangements Parental approval
Celebrations First-year transition
High Risk Drinking
High Risk Drinking:
binge drinking: man – 5 or more drinks; woman – 4 or more drinks at single sitting
pre-drinking: consuming alcoholic beverages before going to bars or parties
underage drinking:
drinking with disordered eating:
consumption of caffeinated alcoholic drinks
Risks & Consequences of DrinkingAtypical BehaviorAcademic ProblemsRisky Sexual BehaviorSexual AssaultUnintentional InjuryConsequences after collegeIllness and death
Consumption of large quantities of alcohol in short amount of time increases the risks & consequences even more
Alcohol Standard drink – equivalent to ½ oz. of 100% ethyl alcohol 12oz bottle/can of 5% alcohol beerOne glass (4-5oz) of wine (12% alcohol)One small glass (2 ½ oz) of fortified wine( 20%)One shot (10z) of distilled spirits (50%)
Factors affecting BAC
How much and how quickly you drink
What you’re drinking
Your size Your age
Your gender Your race
Other drugs Expectations
Family history Tolerance
Eating Stress/Fatigue
Alcohol Poisoning – Know the signsMental confusion, stupor, coma, or person cannot be rousedVomitingSeizureSlow breathing (<8 breaths/min)Irregular breathing ( 10s+ between breaths)Hypothermia
This is a medical emergency - seek help immediately – Call 911
Acute and Long-term Effects of Alcohol Abuse
Alcohol Problems
Alcohol abuse: continued use of alcohol despite awareness of social, occupational, psychological, or physical problems related to drinking or drinking in dangerous ways or situations
Alcohol dependence: development of a strong craving for alcohol because it produces pleasurable feelings or relieves stress
Alcoholism: a chronic, progressive, potentially fatal disease characterized by impaired control of drinking, a preoccupation with alcohol, continued use despite adverse consequences
Why People Start SmokingLimited EducationUnderestimation of RisksAdolescent Experimentation and RebellionStressParent Role ModelsAddictionGeneticsWe ...
AIn this frenetic climate, we tend to focus on developing inAzaleeRutledge285
A
In this frenetic climate, we tend to focus on developing individuals' cybersecurity knowledge and talent and putting them on the front line as quickly as possible. In the mad rush, we often forget to consider how new recruits could potentially abuse these abilities on the job or in the wild. Lacking context on cybersecurity ethics, individuals must defer to their personal moral compass. How does this lead to good decisions as often as it leads to mistakes?
B
"Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Cyber Security," located within the required readings, what do you believe are the implications of "innovation and machine learning and the threat of 'modification of facts' to cyber security"?
...
Alessandro Guiseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta was an Italian physiAzaleeRutledge285
Alessandro Guiseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta was an Italian physicist, inventor and chemist who lived during the 8th century. Volta made several significant discoveries that contributed to electrical theory in his time. One of the more significant discoveries led to the invention of the battery. He is honored for his contribution by the use of the term “volt” to describe a unit of electric potential.
Volta hadn’t set out to invent the battery. In fact, he was attempting to prove another scientist, Luigi Galvani, wrong about his assertion that there was a separate type of electricity produced within animals that would cause movement in animal muscle tissue that he called “animal electricity.” Galvani found that a frog’s legs would move when contact was made by them connecting two metal plates. Volta believed that there was not a different form of electricity that was unique to living things, and through his experimentation found that the frog’s legs had simply acted as the electrolyte within a crude electric cell. He found that any sort of moisture would have a similar galvanizing effect, and the key to the electrical flow through the frog’s legs actually had to do with the electrode potential of the two different types of metals (Alessandro Volta, 2014).
Volta went on to thoroughly prove his theory of electrical contact, developing a list of conductors, arranging them from highest electromotive force to lowest. He found that the further apart the conductors are from each other on this list, the higher voltage they will produce. He also found that connecting more and more pairs of these dissimilar metals with a moist card would produce even more significant electrical potential (Alessandro Volta, 2014). In this way, in 1800, the battery was born.
The discovery not only assisted in the advance of electrical technologies, but other sciences as well. Contemporaries of Volta’s in the field of chemistry had very shortly used his battery to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen. Others had successfully used electrical charge to isolate new chemical elements. By 1820, Oersted was using the battery to investigate the relationship between electricity and magnetism. By 1821, Faraday was using the battery to produce an electric motor (Alessandro Volta, 2014).
All electrical devices rely on electrical current. Volta’s invention paved the road for every type of modern electrical technology, and in turn, the development of our technologically-based civilization.
References:
Alessandro Volta. (2014). Famous Scientists. Famousscientists.org. [web]. Retrieved March 11, 2019 from https://www.famousscientists.org/alessandro-volta/
...
Alade,_Boluwatife_seminar_write
_up.docx
by
Submission date: 09-Jun-2020 11:55AM (UTC+0200)
Submission ID: 1340642778
File name: Alade,_Boluwatife_seminar_write_up.docx (146.22K)
Word count: 13662
Character count: 77655
61%
SIMILARITY INDEX
54%
INTERNET SOURCES
60%
PUBLICATIONS
14%
STUDENT PAPERS
1 32%
2 5%
3 4%
4 1%
5 1%
6 1%
7
Alade,_Boluwatife_seminar_write_up.docx
ORIGINALITY REPORT
PRIMARY SOURCES
www.mdpi.com
Internet Source
www.intechopen.com
Internet Source
academicjournals.org
Internet Source
link.springer.com
Internet Source
Andrea Patriarca, Virginia Fernández Pinto.
"Prevalence of mycotoxins in foods and
decontamination", Current Opinion in Food
Science, 2017
Publication
Agriopoulou, Stamatelopoulou, Varzakas.
"Advances in Occurrence, Importance, and
Mycotoxin Control Strategies: Prevention and
Detoxification in Foods", Foods, 2020
Publication
www.tandfonline.com
1%
8 1%
9 1%
10 1%
11 1%
12 1%
13 1%
14 1%
Internet Source
Belqes Ahmad Al-Jaal, Morana Jaganjac, Andrei
Barcaru, Peter Horvatovich, Aishah Latiff.
"Aflatoxin, fumonisin, ochratoxin, zearalenone
and deoxynivalenol biomarkers in human
biological fluids: A systematic literature review,
2001–2018", Food and Chemical Toxicology,
2019
Publication
www.frontiersin.org
Internet Source
www.toxicolres.org
Internet Source
ngmycotoxin.org
Internet Source
agrihunt.com
Internet Source
Mohamed E. Zain. "Impact of mycotoxins on
humans and animals", Journal of Saudi
Chemical Society, 2011
Publication
Mohamed Amine Gacem, Hiba Gacem, Alia
Telli, Aminata Ould El Hadj Khelil. "Mycotoxins",
Elsevier BV, 2020
Publication
15 1%
16 1%
17 <1%
18 <1%
19 <1%
20 <1%
21 <1%
Submitted to Cranfield University
Student Paper
"Magnetic Nanostructures", Springer Science
and Business Media LLC, 2019
Publication
JM Milani. "Ecological conditions affecting
mycotoxin production in cereals: a review",
Veterinární Medicína, 2013
Publication
Sefater Gbashi, Ntakadzeni Edwin Madala,
Sarah De Saeger, Marthe De Boevre et al.
"Chapter 1 The Socio-Economic Impact of
Mycotoxin Contamination in Africa", IntechOpen,
2019
Publication
www.cogentoa.com
Internet Source
Md Atiqul Haque, Yihui Wang, Zhiqiang Shen,
Xiaohui Li, Muhammad Kashif Saleemi, Cheng
He. "Mycotoxin contamination and control
strategy in human, domestic animal and poultry:
A review", Microbial Pathogenesis, 2020
Publication
Radmilo Čolović, Nikola Puvača, Federica Cheli,
Giuseppina Avantaggiato et al.
"Decontamination of Mycotoxin-Contaminated
22 <1%
23 <1%
24 <1%
25 <1%
26 <1%
27 <1%
28 <1%
29 <1%
30
Feedstuffs and Compound Feed", Toxins, 2019
Publication
uir.unisa.ac.za
Internet Source
Ying Luo, Xiaojiao Liu, Jianke Li. "Updating
techniques on controlling mycotoxins - A
review", Food Control, 2018
Publication
res.mdpi.com
Internet Source
eprints.bice.rm.cnr.it
Internet Source
issuu.com
Internet Source
G. ...
Age Is Only a NumberIf one lives long enough, they reach the pAzaleeRutledge285
Age Is Only a Number
If one lives long enough, they reach the point when people begin to see them as old. This week look at the Presentation for Inequalities of Gender and Age. Click through the presentation slides until you come to the section on Age. Watch the videos (there are several) then think about these questions?
At what age do you consider a person old?
Why do you think that they are old at that age?
How does American society deal with its aging members?
Pick another country in some other part of the world and tell me how they deal with the aging in a different manner than the United States.
...
Age Is Only a NumberIf one lives long enough, they reach the p
4.1 EXPLORING INCENTIVE PAY4-1 Explore the incentive pay a
1. 4.1 EXPLORING INCENTIVE PAY
4-1 Explore the incentive pay approach.
Incentive pay
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/bm01#bm01goss212) or
variable pay
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/bm01#bm01goss462)
rewards employees for partially or completely attaining a
predetermined work objective.
Incentive or variable pay is defined as compensation, other than
base wages or salaries that
fluctuate according to employees’ attainment of some standard,
such as a preestablished
formula, individual or group goals, or company earnings.
Effective incentive pay systems are based on three assumptions:
Individual employees and work teams differ in how much they
contribute to the
company, both in what they do as well as in how well they do it.
The company’s overall performance depends to a large degree
on the performance of
individuals and groups within the company.
To attract, retain, and motivate high performers and to be fair to
all employees, a
company needs to reward employees on the basis of their
relative performance.
2. Much like seniority and merit pay approaches, incentive pay
augments employees’ base pay,
but incentive pay appears as a one-time payment. Employees
usually receive a combination
of recurring base pay and incentive pay, with base pay
representing the greater portion of
core compensation. More employees are presently eligible for
incentive pay than ever before,
as companies seek to control costs and motivate personnel
continually to strive for exemplary
performance. Companies increasingly recognize the importance
of applying incentive pay
programs to various kinds of employees as well, including
production workers, technical
employees, and service workers.
Some companies use incentive pay extensively. Lincoln Electric
Company, a manufacturer of
welding machines and motors, is renowned for its use of
incentive pay plans. At Lincoln
Electric, production employees receive recurring base pay as
well as incentive pay. The
company determines incentive pay awards according to five
performance criteria: quality,
output, dependability, cooperation, and ideas. The company has
awarded incentive payments
every year since 1934, through prosperous and poor economic
times. In 2014, the average
profit sharing payment per employee was $33,984.
Coupled with average base
pay, total core compensation for Lincoln employees was
$82,903. Over the past 10 years,
Lincoln’s profit-sharing payments averaged approximately 40
percent of annual salary.
4. employee productivity. Companies can control costs by
replacing annual merit or seniority
increases or fixed salaries with incentive plans that award pay
raises only when the company
enjoys an offsetting rise in productivity, profits, or some other
measure of business success.
Well-developed incentive programs base pay on performance, so
employees control their
own compensation levels. Companies can choose incentives to
further business objectives.
For example, the management of H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center
and Research Institute at the
University of South Florida continually strives to improve
patient care as well as control
costs. Moffitt’s incentives are usually tied to net income or
operating surplus, quality of care
measures, patient satisfaction scores, and operating efficiencies.
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end4)
5
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end5)
6
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ections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end6)
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Page 2 of 2
Student’s Last Name 2
5. Student’s Name
Professor’s Name
PHIL 202 OL
Due Date
Working Title
Goal: Discuss the views on ancestors in African Indigenous
religion, Daoism, and Hinduism.
Project A Outline (Point-by-Point Model)
I. Introduction
Working Thesis: Though ancestors play an important role in
African Indigenous religion, Daoism, and Hinduism, these
religions view them in unique ways.
a. Ideas for engaging the audience.
b. Citation from one scholarly article on general religious views
on ancestors.
II. Body: Paragraph 1) African Indigenous religion
a. State one way in which African Indigenous believers view
their ancestors.
b. Expound on this idea, including any relevant background
information.
c. Cite a quote from the text to reinforce your claim put forth in
the topic sentence.
d. Your analysis regarding African Indigenous ancestral
practice or concept discussed in the topic sentence.
III. Body: Paragraph 2) Daoism
6. a. State one way in which Daoism regards its ancestors.
b. Expound on this idea, including any relevant background
information.
c. Cite a quote from the text to reinforce your claim put forth in
the topic sentence.
d. Your analysis regarding Daoist ancestral practice or concept
discussed in the topic sentence.
IV. Body: Paragraph 3) Hinduism
a. State one way in which Hinduism sees its ancestors.
b. Expound on this idea, including any relevant background
information.
c. Cite a quote from the text to reinforce your claim put forth in
the topic sentence.
d. Your analysis regarding Hindu ancestral practice or concept
discussed in the topic sentence.
V. Conclusion
a. Discuss importance to the overall theme of ancestors here.
b. Make conclusive comments regarding why these religions are
notably different and worthy of individualized attention.
Works Cited
List sources alphabetically. Use MLA 8 for correct formatting.
4.3 INDIVIDUAL INCENTIVES
7. 4-3 Summarize five types of individual incentive pay plans.
Individual incentive pay plans are most appropriate under three
conditions. First, employees’
performance can be measured objectively. Examples of
objective performance measures
include:
Number of units produced—an automobile parts production
worker’s completion of a
turn signal lighting assembly
Sales amount—a Mary Kay Cosmetics sales professional’s
monthly sales revenue
Reduction in error rate—a word processor’s reduction in typing
errors
Second, individual incentive plans are appropriate when
employees have sufficient control
over work outcomes. Factors such as frequent equipment
breakdowns and delays in receipt of
raw materials limit employees’ ability to control their
performance levels. Employees are not
likely to be diligent when they encounter interference: Chances
are good that employees who
previously experienced interference will expect to encounter
interference in the future.
Employees’ resistance threatens profits because companies will
find it difficult to motivate
people to work hard when problem factors are not present.
TABLE 4-2 Typical Performance Measures for Individual,
Group, and Company-wide
Incentive Plans
8. Individual Incentive Plans
Quantity of work output
Quality of work output
Monthly sales
Work safety record
Work attendance
Group Incentive Plans
Customer satisfaction
Labor cost savings (through gain sharing plans)
Materials cost savings
Services cost savings (e.g., utilities)
Company-wide Incentive Plans
Operational Measures:
Customer satisfaction
Operational efficiency
Service/quality
4.3 Individual IncentivesTOC/Annotation
4/15/20, 8:50 PM
Page 1 of 7
Safety/occupational injury
Financial Measures:
Revenue
Earnings per company stock share
Operating income
Revenue growth
9. Note: Measures such as safety records and customer satisfaction
can be measured on an individual,
group, or company-wide basis according to a company’s
objectives.
Third, individual incentive plans are appropriate when they do
not create a level of unhealthy
competition among workers that ultimately leads to poor
quality. For example, a company
may create unhealthy competition when it limits the number of
incentive awards to only 10
percent of the employees who have demonstrated the highest
levels of performance. If the
company judges performance according to volume, then
employees may sacrifice quality as
they compete against each other to outmatch quantity. In
addition, under an incentive plan
that rewards quantity of output, those employees who meet or
exceed the highest standard
established by their employer may be subject to intimidation by
workers whose work falls
below the standard.
Unions may use these intimidation tactics to prevent plan
standards from being raised.
Defining Individual Incentives
Individual incentive plans reward employees for meeting such
work-related performance
standards as quality, productivity, customer satisfaction, safety,
or attendance. Any one of
these standards by itself or in combination may be used. A
company ultimately should
employ the standards that represent work that an employee
actually performs. For instance,
take the case of telemarketers. Customer satisfaction and sales
volume measures indicate
10. telemarketers’ performance. Tardiness would not be as relevant
unless absenteeism was a
general management problem.
Managers should also choose factors that are within the
individual employee’s control when
they create individual performance standards. Furthermore,
employees must know about
standards and potential awards before the performance period
starts. When designed and
implemented well, individual incentive plans reward employees
based on results for which
they are directly responsible. The end result should be that
excellent performers receive
higher incentive awards than poor performers.
Types of Individual Incentive Plans
There are five common types of individual incentive plans:
Piecework plans
Management incentive plans
Behavioral encouragement plans
Referral plans
Spot bonuses
10
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ections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end10)
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11. PIECEWORK PLANS
Companies generally use one of two piecework plans
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/ s
ections/bm01#bm01goss337) .
The first, which is typically
found in manufacturing settings, rewards employees based on
their individual hourly
production against an objective output standard and are
determined by the pace at which
manufacturing equipment operates. For each hour, workers
receive piecework incentives for
every item produced over the designated production standard.
Workers also receive a
guaranteed hourly pay rate regardless of whether they meet the
designated production
standard. Table 4-3
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch04lev1sec3#ch04tab03)
illustrates the calculation of a piecework incentive.
Companies use piecework plans when the time to produce a unit
is relatively short, usually
less than 15 minutes, and the cycle repeats continuously.
Piecework plans are usually found
in such manufacturing industries as textiles and apparel.
Quality is also an important consideration. Companies do not
reward employees for
producing defective products. In the apparel industry,
manufacturers attempt to minimize
defect rates because they cannot sell defective clothing for the
same price as nondefective
12. clothing. Selling defective clothing at a lower price reduces
company profits.
TABLE 4-3 Calculation of a Piecework Award for a Garment
Worker
Piecework standard: 15 stitched garments per hour
Hourly base pay rate awarded to employees when the standard is
not met: $4.50 per hour
That is, workers receive $4.50 per hour worked regardless of
whether they meet the
piecework standard of 15 stitched garments per hour.
Piecework incentive award: $0.75 per garment stitched per hour
above the piecework
standard
Guaranteed
Hourly
Base Pay
($)
Piecework Award (No. of Garments Stitched
above the Piecework Standard × Piecework
Incentive Award)
Total
Hourly
Earnings
($)
First
hour
13. 4.50 10 garments × $0.75/garment = $7.50 12.00
Second
hour
4.50 Fewer than 15 stitched garments, thus
piecework award equals $0
4.50
The second type of piecework incentive plan establishes
individual performance standards
that include both objective and subjective criteria. Units
produced represent an objective
standard. Overall work quality is a subjective criterion that is
based on supervisors’
interpretations and judgments. For example, supervisors may
judge customer service
representatives’ performance to be higher when sales
professionals emphasize the benefits of
purchasing extended product warranties than when sales
professionals merely mention the
11
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ections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end11)
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availability and price of extended product warranties.
14. Economists argue that there are two advantages to companies of
using piecework plans in
manufacturing settings known as the incentive effect
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/bm01#bm01goss211) and
sorting effect
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/bm01#bm01goss419) .
The incentive effect refers
to a worker’s willingness to work diligently to produce more
quality output than simply
attending work without putting in the effort. To put this simply,
employees earn much less
under the piecework system than they would under a standard
hourly pay system. Whereas
employees are certainly expected to perform without an
incentive (piece rate), research
shows that incentives often are associated with higher employee
performance.
The sorting effect addresses an employee’s choice to stay versus
leave his or her employer
for another job, presumably one without an incentive pay
contingency. Specifically, a
hardworking, highly skilled employee is likely to choose to
remain employed under an
incentive system because both diligence and skill presumably
contribute to higher quantity
and quality of output—thus, higher pay.
MANAGEMENT INCENTIVE PLANS
Management incentive plans
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/bm01#bm01goss264) award
bonuses to managers when they meet or exceed objectives based
15. on sales, profit, production,
or other measures for their division, department, or unit.
Management incentive plans differ
from piecework plans in that piecework plans base rewards on
the attainment of one specific
objective, and management incentive plans often require
multiple complex objectives. For
example, management incentive plans reward managers for
increasing market share or
reducing their budgets without compromising the quality and
quantity of output. The best-
known management incentive plan is management by objectives
(MBO).
In Chapter 3
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch03#ch03) , MBO was
presented as an outcome-oriented performance appraisal
technique for merit pay systems.
When MBO is used as part of merit pay systems, superiors make
subjective assessments of
managers’ performance, and they use these assessments to
determine permanent merit pay
increases. When used as part of incentive programs, superiors
communicate the amount of
incentive pay managers will receive based on the attainment of
specific goals.
TABLE 4-4 A Sample Behavioral Encouragement Plan that
Rewards Employee
Attendance
At the end of each 3-month period, employees with exemplary
attendance records will
receive monetary incentive awards according to the following
schedule. Note that the
16. number of days absent does not refer to such company-approved
absences as vacation,
personal illness, jury duty, bereavement leave, military duty,
scheduled holidays, and
educational leave.
Number of Days Absent Monetary Incentive Award ($)
12
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ections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end12)
13
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ections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end13)
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0 (perfect attendance) 250
1 200
2 100
3 50
4 25
BEHAVIORAL ENCOURAGEMENT PLANS
Under behavioral encouragement plans
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
17. ections/bm01#bm01goss24) ,
employees receive payments for specific behavioral
accomplishments (e.g., good attendance
or safety records). For example, companies usually award
monetary bonuses to employees
who have exemplary attendance records for a specified period.
When behavioral
encouragement plans are applied to safety records, workers earn
awards for lower personal
injury or accident rates associated with the improper use of
heavy equipment or hazardous
chemicals. Table 4-4
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch04lev1sec3#ch04tab04)
contains an illustration of a sample behavioral encouragement
plan that rewards employees
for excellent attendance. Employees can earn $250 for perfect
attendance during a three-
month period. With perfect attendance for an entire year,
employees can earn $1,000.
Behavioral encouragement plans have the potential to save
companies substantially more
money than the cost of these awards. For example, frequent
absenteeism in a company’s
workforce could disrupt production goals and quality.
Customers may respond by choosing
to make purchases for better quality products from other
companies. Loss of customer bases
will have a negative impact on profitability and reputation that
prompts prospective
customers to choose alternate sources to purchase products.
REFERRAL PLANS
Employees may receive monetary bonuses under referral plans
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/bm01#bm01goss371) for
18. referring new customers or recruiting successful job applicants.
Companies commonly rely
on referral bonuses to enhance recruitment of highly qualified
employees, particularly when
the supply of highly qualified individuals is low, or the
company is experiencing explosive
growth. HubSpot, the developer of inbound marketing software,
recently experienced growth
in excess of 80 percent.
The company relies heavily on the work of talented software
engineers and designers. In
response to this substantial growth, HubSpot offered a $30,000
bonus to employees whose
referral was hired as a software engineer or designer. This
program expands eligibility to any
individual regardless of employment status.
A successful referral usually means that companies award
bonuses only if hired referrals
remain employed with the company in good standing beyond a
designated period, often at
least 30 days. Referral plans rely on the idea that current
employees’ familiarity with
company culture should enable them to identify viable
candidates for job openings more
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19. efficiently than employment agencies could because agents are
probably less familiar with
client companies’ cultures. Employees are likely to make only
those referrals they truly
believe are worthwhile because their personal reputations are at
stake.
SPOT BONUSES
Many organizations today are providing spot bonuses for
critical areas and talents. Spot
bonuses
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/bm01#bm01goss422) are
relatively small monetary gifts provided to employees for
outstanding work or effort during a
reasonably short period of time. If an employee’s performance
has been exceptional, the
employer may reward the worker with a one-time bonus with an
amount as low as $50. For
certain professional jobs it is not unheard of for a highly
productive worker to receive $5,000
shortly after a noteworthy achievement.
Advantages of Individual Incentive Pay Programs
There are three key advantages of individual incentive pay
plans. First, individual incentive
plans can promote the relationship between pay and
performance. As discussed in Chapter 1
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch01#ch01) , employees in
the United States are highly motivated by earning money.
Employees strive for excellence
when they expect to earn incentive awards commensurate with
their job performance.
Second, individual incentive plans promote an equitable
20. distribution of compensation within
companies (i.e., the amount employees earn depends on their
job performance). The better
they perform, the more they earn. Equitable pay ultimately
enables companies to retain the
best performers. Paying better performers more money sends a
signal that the company
appropriately values positive job performance.
A third advantage of individual incentive plans is their
compatibility with such individualistic
cultures as the United States. Because U.S. employees are
socialized to make individual
contributions and be recognized for them, the national culture
of the United States probably
enhances the motivational value of individual incentive
programs.
Disadvantages of Individual Incentive Pay Programs
Although individual incentive plans can prove effective in
certain settings, these programs
also have serious limitations. Supervisors, human resource (HR)
managers, and
compensation professionals should know about three potential
problems with individual
incentive plans.
First, individual incentive plans possess the potential to
promote inflexibility. Because
supervisors determine employee performance levels, workers
under individual incentive
plans become dependent on supervisors for setting work goals.
If employees become highly
proficient performers, they are not likely to increase their
performance beyond their reward
compensation. For example, let’s assume that management
21. defines the maximum incentive
award as $500 per month, which is awarded to employees whose
productivity rates 15
percent above the performance standard. Employees who
produce more than 15 percent
above the production standard will not receive additional
incentive pay beyond the $500.
With this design, employees would not be motivated to further
improve their performance.
Second, with merit pay systems, supervisors must develop and
maintain comprehensive
performance measures to properly grant incentive awards.
Individual incentive programs
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pose measurement problems when management implements
improved work methods or
equipment. When such changes occur, it will take some time for
employees to become
proficient performers. Thus, it will be difficult for companies to
determine equitable
incentive awards, which may lead to employees’ resistance to
the new methods.
A third limitation of individual incentive plans is that they may
encourage undesirable
workplace behavior when these plans reward only one or a
subset of dimensions that
constitute employees’ total job performance. Let’s assume that
an incentive plan rewards
employees for quantity of output. If employees’ jobs address
22. such various dimensions as
quantity of output, quality, and customer satisfaction,
employees may focus on the one
dimension—in this case, quantity of output—that leads to
incentive pay and thereby neglect
the other dimensions.
Our focus has been on financial incentive awards. Companies
may provide nonfinancial
incentives to employees, including companies such as hotels
that operate in a low-paying
industry. Hotel chain Joie de Vivre Hospitality does just that.
Several times a year, employees
are given the opportunity to stay in any of the company’s hotels
at no charge and to take full
advantage of the amenities. By assuming the customer role, Joie
de Vivre Hospitality
employees can improve job performance because they gain a
better understanding of their
guests’ needs.
WATCH IT!
If your professor has assigned this, go to the Assignments
section of
mymangementlab.com (http://mymangementlab.com) to
complete the video exercise
titled Joie de Vivre Hospitality: Pay for Performance and
Financial Incentives.
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Page 7 of 7
23. 3.2 MERIT PAY
3-2 Explain the merit pay approach to compensation.
Merit pay programs
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/bm01#bm01goss284)
assume that employees’ compensation over time should be
determined, at least in part, by
differences in job performance.
Employees earn permanent
merit increases based on their performance. The increases
reward excellent effort or results,
motivate future performance, and help employers retain valued
employees. Merit increases
are usually expressed as a percentage of hourly wages for
nonexempt employees and as a
percentage of annual salaries for exempt employees. In 2014,
employees earned average
merit increases of 3.0 percent across all industries, and the
projected average increase for
2015 was 3.1 percent.
This average increase did not vary significantly across
employee groups (exempt vs.
nonexempt, nonunion vs. union); however, the average raise
differed based on employee
performance and industry. Merit increases for high performers
averaged 4.1 percent.
The health care and social
assistance industry’s average merit increase was 2.5 and 3.8
percent for the mining industry.
Who Participates?
Merit pay is one of the most commonly used compensation
24. methods in the United States. In
2014, a survey of WorldatWork members revealed that 72
percent of companies indicated that
they use a rating system with a performance score that is tied to
pay increases. The rates were
65 percent and 71 percent in 2010 and 2011, respectively.
Merit pay programs occur
most often in the private for-profit sector of the economy rather
than in such public sector
organizations as local and state governments.
Exploring the Elements of Merit Pay
Managers rely on objective as well as subjective performance
indicators to determine
whether an employee will receive a merit increase and the
amount of increase warranted. As
a rule, supervisors give merit increases to employees based on
subjective appraisal of
employees’ performance.
Supervisors periodically review individual employee
performance to evaluate how well each
worker is accomplishing assigned duties relative to established
standards and goals. Thus, as
we will discuss later in this chapter, accurate performance
appraisals are key to effective
merit pay programs.
For merit pay programs to succeed, employees must know that
their efforts in meeting
production quotas or quality standards will lead to pay raises.
Job requirements must be
realistic, and employees must have the skills and abilities to
meet job goals. Moreover,
9
26. that the funds needed to fulfill
these promises to compensate employees are available. For now,
we assume that adequate
funding for merit pay programs is in place. We will address the
ramifications of insufficient
budgets for funding merit pay programs in Chapter 8
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch08#ch08) .
Finally, companies should make permanent adjustments to base
pay according to changes in
the cost of living or inflation before awarding merit pay raises.
Then, permanent merit pay
raises should always reward employee performance rather than
represent adjustments for
inflation. Inflation represents rises in the cost of consumer
goods and services (e.g., food and
health care) that boost the overall cost of living. Over time,
inflation erodes the purchasing
power of the dollar. You’ve no doubt heard the comment, “It’s
harder to stretch a dollar these
days.” Employees are concerned about how well merit increases
raise purchasing power.
Compensation professionals attempt to minimize negative
inflationary effects by making
permanent increases to base pay, known as cost-of-living
adjustments. For now, let’s assume
that inflation is not an issue. (As a side note, this principle also
applies to seniority pay. Pay
increases should reflect additional seniority after making
specific adjustments for inflation.)
Although fairly common, merit pay systems are not appropriate
for all companies.
Compensation professionals should consider two factors—
commitment from top
27. management and the design of jobs—before endorsing the use
of merit pay systems. Top
management must be willing to reward employees’ job
performances with meaningful pay
differentials that match employee performance differentials.
Companies ideally should grant
sufficiently large pay increases to reward employees for
exemplary job performance and to
encourage similar expectations about future good work.
The amount of a merit pay increase should reflect prior job
performance levels and motivate
employees toward striving for exemplary performance. The pay
raise amount should be
meaningful to employees. The concept of just-meaningful pay
increase
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/bm01#bm01goss242) refers
to the minimum pay increase that employees will see as making
a meaningful change in
compensation. The basic
premise of this concept is that a trivial pay increase for average
or better employees is not
likely to reinforce their performance or to motivate enhanced
future performance. In addition
to top management’s commitment to merit pay programs, HR
professionals must design jobs
explicitly enough that employees’ performance can be measured
accurately. Merit programs
are most appropriate when employees have control over their
performance and when
conditions outside employees’ control do not substantially
affect their performance.
Conditions beyond employees’ control that are likely to limit
job performance vary by the
type of job. For sales professionals, recessionary economic
28. spells generally lead consumers
to limit spending on new purchases because they anticipate the
possibility of layoffs. Sales
professionals certainly do not create recessionary periods nor
can they allay consumers’ fears
about the future. For production workers, regular equipment
breakdowns will lead to lower
output.
Furthermore, there must be explicit performance standards that
specify the procedures or
outcomes against which employees’ job performance can be
clearly evaluated. At Pratt &
Whitney, HR professionals and employees worked together to
rewrite job descriptions. The
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purpose was to define and put into writing the major duties of a
job and to specify written
performance standards for each duty to ensure that the job
requirements provided a useful
measurement standard for evaluation. The main performance
standards included such factors
as quality, quantity, and timeliness of work.
Table 3-3
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
29. ections/ch03lev1sec2#ch03tab03)
displays a job description for an Account Clerk II in the
California Department of
Rehabilitation Services. The description lists the activities the
jobholder performs and
qualifications necessary to perform the job at an acceptable
level. For instance, a successful
candidate must demonstrate knowledge of bookkeeping practice.
TABLE 3-3 Account Clerk II
Job: Account Clerk II
Agency/Department: California Department of Rehabilitation
Services
Location: Fresno, CA
Job Summary:
Under the supervision of the Supervising Program Technician II
(SPTII), the Account
Clerk II provides support for the district accounting unit.
Follow prescribed procedures
involving arith-metical calculations. Compile, investigate and
verify numerical or
financial information. Follow written and oral instructions.
Must be courteous and tactful
and work cooperatively with others.
Key Job Duties:
Process revolving fund checks and bank drafts
Maintain check counterfoils and bank drafts audit file
Provide check/bank draft information to staff
Ready invoices for processing by auditing invoice for
appropriate/necessary
information, number of copies/supporting documents, receipts,
underscoring
participants name, date of services, FEIN #, amount of invoice
30. Verify funds are available/encumbered to make payment.
Qualifications Required:
Good communication skills
Willingness to learn
Ability to use various assistive technology communication
devices, and other
adaptive re-sources in order to meet the needs of individuals
with different abilities
and diverse back-grounds
Ability to use good judgment and awareness and knowledge of
disability conditions
to independently act, respond, and assist with various consumer
situations
Ability to interact in a team environment with consumers and
coworkers in a
professional manner, and with integrity and respect
Ability to follow approved department policies and procedures
Source: State of California, Department of Rehabilitation.
Account Clerk II (position number 813-
150-1733-XXX). Available:
http://jobs.spb.ca.gov/wvpos/more_info.cfm?recno=512397
4/15/20, 8:44 PM
Page 3 of 4
(http://jobs.spb.ca.gov/wvpos/more_info.cfm?recno=512397) ,
accessed February 1, 2015.
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Page 4 of 4
31. 4.2 CONTRASTING INCENTIVE PAY WITH
TRADITIONAL PAY
4-2 Describe the differences between incentive pay methods and
traditional pay methods.
In traditional pay plans, employees receive compensation based
on a fixed hourly pay rate or
annual salary. Some companies use incentive pay programs that
replace all or a portion of
base pay in order to control payroll expenditures and to link pay
to performance. Since 1998,
there has been a 47 percent increase in the use of incentive pay
programs. Companies use
incentive pay programs in varying degrees for different kinds of
positions.
Nowadays, most companies
use a mix of traditional and incentive pay methods. The mix has
steadily changed. In 1998,
traditional pay increases totaled 4.2 percent of payroll while
incentive pay increases
amounted to 8.0 percent. In 2014, the amounts were 2.9 percent
and 12.7 percent,
respectively.
As we discussed in Chapter 3
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch03#ch03) , employees
under traditional pay structures earn raises according to their
length of service in the
organization or to supervisors’ subjective appraisals of
employees’ job performance. Again,
both merit pay raises and seniority pay raises are permanent
32. increases to base pay. Annual
merit pay increase amounts usually total no more than a small
percentage of base pay
(approximately 3 percent), but the dollar impact represents a
significant cost to employers
over time. Table 4-1
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch04lev1sec2#ch04tab01)
shows the contrast in rate of compensation increase between a
traditional merit compensation
plan and an incentive plan.
Companies use incentive pay to reward individual employees,
teams of employees, or whole
companies based on their performance. Incentive pay plans are
not limited solely to
production or nonsupervisory workers. Many incentive plans
apply to such categories of
employees as sales professionals, managers, and executives.
Management typically relies on
business objectives to determine incentive pay levels such as
company profits and sales
growth. Management then communicates these planned
incentive levels and performance
goals to managers. Although merit pay performance standards
aim to be measurable and
objective, incentive levels tend to be based on even more
objective criteria, such as quantity
of items an employee produces per production period or market
indicators of a company’s
performance (e.g., an increase in market share for the fiscal
year). Moreover, supervisors
communicate the incentive award amounts in advance that
correspond to objective
performance levels. On the other hand, supervisors generally do
not communicate the merit
33. award amounts until after they offer subjective assessments of
employees’ performance.
TABLE 4-1 Permanent Annual Merit Increases versus Incentive
Awards: A
Comparison
7
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ections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end7)
8
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end8)
4.2 Contrasting Incentive Pay with Tradi…
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Page 1 of 3
(At the end of 2015, John Smith earned an annual salary of
$35,000.)
Total Salary under
Cost of Increase (Total
Current Salary—2015
Annual Salary equals
$35,000)
Permanent Merit
34. Increase (Percent
Increase ×
Previous Year
Annual Salary) +
Previous Annual
Salary ($)
Incentive
Award ($)
(Percent
Increase ×
2015 Salary) +
Fixed Base
Pay ($35,000)
($)Year
Increase
Amount
(%)
Permanent
Merit
Increase
($)
Incentive
Award
35. ($)
2016 3 1,050 1,050 36,050 36,050
2017 5 2,853 1,750 37,853 36,750
2018 4 4,367 1,400 39,367 36,400
2019 7 7,122 2,450 42,122 37,450
2020 6 9,649 2,100 44,649 37,100
Incentive pay plans can be broadly classified into three
categories:
Individual incentive plans
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/bm01#bm01goss218) .
These plans reward employees whose work is performed
independently. Some
companies have piecework plans, typically for their production
employees. Under
piecework plans, an employee’s compensation depends on the
number of units she or he
produces over a given period.
Group incentive plans. These plans promote supportive,
collaborative behavior among
employees. Group incentives work well in manufacturing and
service delivery
environments that rely on interdependent teams. In gain sharing
programs, group
improvements in productivity, cost savings, or product quality
are shared by employees
within the group.
36. Company-wide incentive plans. These plans tie employee
compensation to a
company’s performance over a short time frame, usually from a
one-month period to a
five-year period.
Table 4-2
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch04lev1sec3#ch04tab02)
lists common performance measures used in individual, group,
and company-wide incentive
9
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end9)
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Page 2 of 3
plans .
9
(http://content.thuzelearning.com/books/Martocchio.7916.16.1/s
ections/ch04lev1sec11#ch04end9)
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