2.Menstrual2009

Anatomic Characteristics of the Fetal Head and Maternal Pelvis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The fetal skull ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Fetal Head--- the cranium ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Fetal Head---Sutures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Sagittal: Between the parietal bones; anteroposterior direction Divide Right and left Lambdoid: Extends from the posterior fontanelle laterally Separate occipital from parietal bones Coronal : Extends from the anterior fontanelle laterally Separate parietal from frontal bones Frontal : Between the frontal bones Extends from the anterior fontanelle to the glabella

Fetal Head--- Fontanelles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The anterior fontanelle

The posterior fontanelle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Fetal Head--- landmarks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Nasion:The root of the nose Glabella:the elevated area between the orbital ridges Sinciput: the area between the anterior fontanelle and the glabella Anterior fontanelle:diamond shaped Vertex:between the fontanelles and bounded laterally by the eminences Posterior fontanelle:Y or T shaped Occiput:behind and inferior to the posterior fontanelle and lambdoid sutures

Fetal Head--- Diameters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Suboccipitobregmatic (9.5cm) From the undersurface of occipital to the center of the ant fontanelle Occipitalfrontal(11cm ) From external occipital protuberance to the glabella Supraoccipitomental (13.5cm) From the vertex to the chin Submentobregmatic (9.5cm) From the junction of the neck and lower jaw to the center of the ant fontanelle

Biparietal (9.5cm) largest Extend between the parietal bones Bitempotal (8cm) shortest Extend between the temporal bones

Maternal pelvis----Clinical Pelvimetry ,[object Object],[object Object]

Inlet plane: The obstetric conjugate ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inlet plane :the sacrum ,[object Object],[object Object]

Inlet plane--- transverse diameter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Mid plane: cannot be accurately measured clinically ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Outlet plane: Bituberous diameter and the infrapubic angle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object]

Engagement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

2.Menstrual2009

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2.Menstrual2009