2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
20220225_Methoken_GSFL_Open
1. TVドラマ・コーパス情報に基づく
英語基礎⼝語定型表現リストと教材の作成
Developing TV Drama Corpus-Informed
Basic Spoken Formula List and its Material
⽥中 洋也 Hiroya TANAKA
北海学園⼤学 Hokkai-Gakuen University
外国語教育メディア学会関⻄⽀部メソドロジー研究部会 2021年度第3回研究会
共催 関⻄⼤学新⾕科研「第⼆⾔語語⽤論知識の発達」 2022年2⽉25⽇ 北海学園⼤学
I mean
get out
don’t worry
you know what
think of
it’s okay
no way
I’m so sorry
I feel like
what’s wrong
not really
figure out
I promise
I don’t know if
more like
who cares
first of all of course not
8. 1.1 定型表現のいろいろ
Formulaic Language 定型⾔語
formulaic sequence
multi-word construction lexical bundle
lexical phrase
multi-word unit
collocation idiom phrasal verb
pragmatic routine conventional expression formula
9. 1.2 定型表現の有⽤性
Schmitt & Schmitt (2020)
(1) 考えや意味を表現する
Too many cooks spoil the soup. により⼀般的な信念や助⾔を表す
(2) ⾔語機能を実現する
Iʼm sorry to bother you, but X ---. でポライトネスを表現する
(3) 会話を維持する
See you later. などで会話やりとりの段階を知らせる
(4) 社会的相互作⽤を促進する社交的表現を提供する
Nice weather today. 意味のある情報ではなく,会話を円滑に進めるための関⼼を⽰す
(5) 談話構成を標⽰する
⼝語では on the other hand, as I was saying など
10. 1.2 定型表現の有⽤性
(6) 専⾨的定型表現を提供する
管制官の「着陸許可」を明⽰するための固定表現としての,Cleared to land.
(7) ⾔語使⽤を展開するための構成要素(building blocks)を提供する
Thatʼs an interesting point. は相⼿の意⾒への同意や対照的意⾒を述べる前の合図
(8) 語⽤論的価値を表現する
I donʼt know if X は命題について不確かであることを表す
(9) 流暢性を促進する
より速く読む,より流暢に話すなどの流暢性
(10) 意味を形成,定義,増⼤する
border は単独では「あるものの縁や端」を意味するが,border on では,His passion for
self-improvement bordered on the pathological. のように,その使⽤の75%が否定的
な⽐喩表現
11. 1.3 定型表現リストのいろいろ
学術定型表現リスト Academic Formulas List
(Simpson-Vlach & Ellis, 2010)
学術連語リスト Academic Collocation List
(Ackermann & Chen, 2013)
複数語句表現リスト PHRASE List
(Martinez & Schmitt, 2012)
⼝語コロケーションリスト The Collocation List (?)
(Shin & Nation, 2007)
句動詞リスト PHaVE List
(Garnier & Schmitt, 2015)
17. American Sitcom Corpus に⽤いた作品
作品名 放送期 作品名 放送期
The Big Bang Theory Season 1 – 8 Bad Teacher Season 1
Modern Family Season 1 – 6 Silicon Valley Season 1 – 2
Parks and Recreation Season 2 – 6 Switched at Birth Season 1 – 4
Baby Daddy Season 1 – 4 Raising Hope Season 1 – 4
Jessie Season 1 – 2 Community Season 1 – 5
Girl Meets World Season 1 – 2 Happy Endings Season 1 – 3
The Middle Season 3 – 6 Melissa & Joey Season 2 – 4
It’s always sunny in Philadelphia Season 6 – 10 Mike & Molly Season 1 – 5
2 Broke Girls Season 1 – 4 How I Met Your Mother Season 6 – 9
18. 2.3 American Sitcom Corpusの上位語に⾒る特徴
順位 単語 頻度 割合
1 you 181,775 3.46%
2 I 174,658 3.33%
3 be 169,345 3.23%
4 the 137,097 2.61%
5 a 126,824 2.42%
6 to 120,605 2.30%
7 and 84,601 1.61%
8 that 69,150 1.32%
9 it 66,350 1.26%
10 of 57,640 1.10%
順位 単語 頻度 割合
11 do 53,947 1.03%
12 have 50,943 0.97%
13 this 50,092 0.95%
14 in 49,285 0.94%
15 my 46,918 0.89%
16 me 45,792 0.87%
17 I’m 45,427 0.87%
18 get 45,008 0.86%
19 what 43,243 0.82%
20 no 38,177 0.73%
19. 2.3 American Sitcom Corpusの上位語に⾒る特徴
順位 単語 頻度 割合
21 we 37,946 0.72%
22 oh 37,857 0.72%
23 know 37,509 0.71%
24 just 36,878 0.70%
25 on 36,665 0.70%
26 for 36,296 0.69%
27 go 34,792 0.66%
28 not 34,364 0.65%
29 your 34,077 0.65%
30 so 33,569 0.64%
順位 単語 頻度 割合
31 it’s 33,396 0.64%
32 don’t 30,923 0.59%
33 with 30,282 0.58%
34 but 28,049 0.53%
35 like 27,939 0.53%
36 all 27,201 0.52%
37 yeah 24,333 0.46%
38 okay 24,053 0.46%
39 you’re 23,733 0.45%
40 think 22,764 0.43%
20. 2.3 American Sitcom Corpusの上位語に⾒る特徴
順位 単語 頻度 割合
41 right 21,940 0.42%
42 out 21,554 0.41%
43 about 21,215 0.40%
44 well 20,703 0.39%
45 want 19,754 0.38%
46 up 19,584 0.37%
47 that’s 18,791 0.36%
48 here 18,689 0.36%
49 say 18,541 0.35%
50 at 18,283 0.35%
you (3.46%), I (3.33%) の
使⽤割合が⾼い
縮約形も加えればさらに多い
you (3.91%), I (4.20%)
→
⼆者間の会話が多い
here and now
の対⼈コミュニケーション
21. 本⽇の話
1. 定型表現とリストのいろいろ
2. American Sitcom Corpus (ASC) の作成
3. 基礎⼝語定型表現リスト
(Basic Spoken Formula List, BSFL)の作成
Basic Spoken Formula
は対⼈コミュニケーションを構成するブロック
4. BSFLとASCによる例⽂教材作成
25. 3.1 作成⼿順
(2) 基礎⼝語定型表現としての選択規準の作成
❖2語以上であること(2 – 5語)
❖100万語で標準化した頻度が10回以上であること
(more than 10 word-per-million)
❖語⽤論的まとまり(pragmatic integrity)があること
❖意味は,原義通りではない不透明なものよりも,透明性の⾼い,原義
通りであること(transparent rather than opaque, literal
rather than non-literal)
26. 3.1 作成⼿順
(2) 基礎⼝語定型表現としての
❖語⽤論的まとまり(pragmatic integrity)があること
→ 談話標識(discourse marking)のyou know, if you
know what I mean, フェイスやポライトネスに関わる表現の
do you think, do you want me to, 曖昧さや近似を表す表現
の a couple of, or something like that など
(OʼKeeffe, McCarthy, & Carter, 2007)
31. 3.1 作成⼿順
(3) 抽出規準を⽤いた取捨選択
定型表現族(formula family) の整理
例)you know の定型表現族
you know what, do you know, you know how, but you know,
well you know, did you know, you know it, how do you
know, do you know what, you know why, you know what I
mean, because (cause) you know, you know who, let you
know, you know maybe, you know what that, you know
what itʼs, if you know, as you know, you know me, (20)
33. 3.2 結果 頻度上位項⽬
順位 項目 標準頻度
1 you know 2890.76
2 I don’t 2560.97
3 are you 2068.99
4 this is 1916.83
5 have to 1826.69
6 do you 1608.86
7 want to 1569.74
8 I know 1426.48
9 I have 1339.05
10 all right 1291.86
順位 項目 標準頻度
11 no no 1259.90
12 I think 1222.67
13 I’m gonna / going to 1147.56
14 going to 1101.59
15 I mean 1067.18
16 a little 1059.85
17 come on 989.16
18 if you 964.90
19 thank you 955.31
20 I can’t 954.56
34. 3.2 結果 頻度上位項⽬
順位 項目 標準頻度
21 I got 914.89
22 you want 907.89
23 I don’t know 853.78
24 you guys 837.80
25 I can 801.89
26 you guys 790.80
27 did you 761.28
28 I’m sorry 729.32
29 need to 729.13
30 you know what 707.32
順位 項目 標準頻度
31 I didn’t 698.31
32 what are you 697.92
33 it’s not 677.80
34 a lot 663.89
35 oh my god 659.37
36 talk about 647.56
37 I want 646.40
38 for you 621.02
39 you think 607.67
40 I thought 578.15
35. 3.2 結果 他のリストとの重複
Multi-Word Units Profiler (Eguchi, 2021) での分析
PHRASE List (Martinez & Schmitt, 2012) → 152項⽬
Academic Formulas list (Simpson-vlach & Ellis, 2010) → 57項⽬
Expressions in Lexical Bundles in University language
(Biber et al., 2004) → 21項⽬
Academic Collocations List (Ackermann & Chen, 2013) → 0項⽬
部分的重複を含む
36. 3.2 結果
主な特徴
対⼈コミュニケーションを成⽴させる語彙的構成単位
lexical building blocks for interpersonal communication
より語数の少ない項⽬が拡張して,より語数の多い項⽬を形成する,語彙連結
(lexical bundle)としての特徴 I think + I know, you know + what
Iʼm gonna
動詞句を形成する準法助動詞(have to, need to)や句動詞(talk about,
look at)
語⽤論的機能(談話指標,発話⾏為)
37. 対⼈コミュニケーションを成⽴させる語彙的構成単位
lexical building blocks for interpersonal communication
you know
if you want to we should
I mean
get out
donʼt worry
you know what
we need to
think of
itʼs okay
hang out
no way
Iʼm so sorry
make sure
I feel like
whatʼs wrong
hey guys
not really
figure out
sort of
I promise
why would you
hang on show up
just because
I donʼt know if
more like
who cares
first of all of course not
38. 3.2 結果
教材化に向けた課題
(1) 多機能性
例 all right
Are you okay? – Iʼm all right.
Don't do that. – Okay, all right.
All right, let's get out of here.
Is it all right if I come in?
39. 3.2 結果
教材化に向けた課題
(2) 定型表現族 (family) のまとまり?
are you + 形容詞
are you + 名詞句
are you + ~ing
are you going (to) [FUTURE]
疑問詞 + are you + 形容詞
疑問詞 + are you + ~ing . . . etc.,
上位100項⽬で2,585中816項⽬をカバー
46. 4.4 例⽂の例
0001. you know
Iʼm probably wrong, but, you know, I just want to make
sure.
0301. I promise
If you follow that itinerary to the letter, I promise you,
you will not be disappointed.
47. 4.4 例⽂の例
0501. there is no
Youʼre the only one I can count on. There is no one else.
0701. youʼre gonna have
Youʼre gonna have to change all the plans you made.
48. 4.4 例⽂の例
1001. just give me
Just give me one quick sec to confer with my associate.
1301. itʼs nothing
I feel a little light-headed. All right, well, Iʼm sure itʼs
nothing, you know.
54. クラスター:the whole thing / this whole thing
基本例文
Can we just forget about the whole thing, please? Let's just
forget about it.
追加例文
I know this whole thing is my fault.
某単語帳
He dreamed of traveling the whole world.
サンプル 英検準2級 whole [形] 全体の
55. サンプル 英検2級 means [名] 手段
クラスター: no means of - - -
基本例文
I want to go back, but there's no means of transportation.
追加例文
I'm in a locked room with no means of escape.
某単語帳
My bicycle is my main means of transportation.
58. 引⽤⽂献
Ackermann, K., & Chen, Y. H. (2013). Developing the academic collocation list (ACL) – A corpus-driven and expert-judged
approach. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 12(4), 235–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2013.08.002
Adolphs, S., & Carter, R. (2013). Spoken corpus linguistics: From monomodal to multimodal. Routledge.
Eguchi, M. (2021). Multi-Word Units Profiler (Version 2.0.0) [Computer software].
https://multiwordunitsprofiler.pythonanywhere.com
Garnier, M., & Schmitt, N. (2014). The PHaVE List: A pedagogical list of phrasal verbs and their most frequent meaning senses.
Language Teaching Research, 19(6), 645–666. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168814559798
Imao, Y. (2019). CasualConc (Version 1.9.8) [Computer software]
https://sites.google.com/site/casualconc/home
Jolly, D. & Bolitho, R. (2011). A framework for materials writing. In B. Tomlinson, (Ed.), Materials development in language
teaching. Cambridge University Press.
Martinez, R., & Schmitt, N. (2012). A Phrasal Expressions List. Applied Linguistics, 33(3), 299–320. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/
ams010
O’Keeffe, A., McCarthy, M., & Carter, R. (2007). From corpus to classroom: Language use and language teaching. Cambridge
University Press.
Schmitt, N., & Schmitt, D. (2020). Vocabulary in language teaching (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Shin, D., & Nation, P. (2007). Beyond single words: the most frequent collocations in spoken English. ELT Journal, 62(4), 339–348.
https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccm091
Simpson-Vlach, R., & Ellis, N. C. (2010). An academic formulas list: New methods in phraseology research. Applied Linguistics,
31(4), 487–512. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amp058
59. General Spoken Formula
対⼈コミュニケーションを成⽴させる語彙的構成単位
lexical building blocks for interpersonal communication
問い合わせは tanaka-h@hgu.jp