Apache TomEE is a Java EE 6 Web Profile certified stack that runs on Tomcat. It combines Tomcat with other Apache components like OpenJPA, OpenWebBeans, OpenEJB, MyFaces, BeanVal, CXF and ActiveMQ. TomEE comes in different flavors - the Web Profile version is certified, while TomEE Plus includes additional specs like JAX-WS and JMS but is not certified. TomEE aims to be small, certified and integrated with Tomcat. It provides a full Java EE 6 experience on Tomcat through tight integration of the various Apache projects.

1. David Blevins
Apache TomEE:
JavaEE 6 Web Profile on Tomcat
@dblevins
#TomEE
Tuesday, June 4, 13

2. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
What is Apache TomEE?
Tuesday, June 4, 13

3. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Tomcat + JavaEE = TomEE
• Java EE 6 Web Profile certified stack, pronounced “Tommy”
• Tomcat
• All Apache components
- OpenJPA
- OpenWebBeans
- OpenEJB
- MyFaces
- BeanVal
- CXF & ActiveMQ
• CoreValues
- Be Small
- Be Certified
- Be Tomcat
Tuesday, June 4, 13

4. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
What is a
“Web Profile”?
Tuesday, June 4, 13

5. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
The Web Profile
• Introduced in Java EE 6
• About half the specs as the Full Profile
- 12~ in the Web Profile
- 24~ in the Full Profile
• Legacy-free, contains no
- CMP EntityBeans
- CORBA
- JAX-RPC
• Missing some good stuff
- JAX-RS
- JAX-WS
- JMS
- Connectors (surprisingly useful)
Tuesday, June 4, 13

6. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Flavors of TomEE
• Apache TomEE Web Profile (Java EE 6 Certified)
- JPA
- CDI
- EJB
- JSF
- BeanValidation
- JavaMail *
• Apache TomEE JAX-RS (Java EE 6 Certified) *NEW*
- JAX-RS
• Apache TomEE Plus (NOT Java EE 6 Certified)
- JAX-WS
- Connector
- JMS
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7. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Demo
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8. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
The Birth of TomEE
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9. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Milestones
• October 2011 - JavaOne
- 1.0 beta release
- JavaEE 6 Web Profile Certified
• April 2012
- 1.0 final release <fast, fast, fast>
• October 2012 - JavaOne
- 1.5 release <filling gaps>
• April 2013
- 1.5.2 release <maturity>
Tuesday, June 4, 13

10. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Website Traffic
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11. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
User List Traffic
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12. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Jelastic
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13. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Jelastic
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14. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Tuesday, June 4, 13

15. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
User Feedback
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16. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
“There is also one point to note. TomEE is insanely fast! ”
-- Łukasz Budnik, CXF JAX-RS on Apache TomEE @ DZone
“From an architect that switched from <XXX> to Tomee. I can tell
you Tomee kicks <XXX>'s ass in every way. Memory, speed,
reliability, validation, you name it.”
-- Zeeman, User List
“If you are concerned about performance and footprint, but can
accept that you'll have to solve problems yourself, go TomEE.
(TomEE seems to be _much_ faster than <XXX>)”
-- Jonathan Fisher, User List
Tuesday, June 4, 13

17. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
“An ideal fit for a private cloud.”
-- Rohid Dev, American Express
“We have completely replaced <XXX> with TomEE+ at my dept
and have no regrets.”
-- Miles Poindexter, Condé Nast
“It's an amazingly pure, stable and simple to manage JEE6 web
profile container.”
-- Pete Keys, Starbucks
Tuesday, June 4, 13

18. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Making TomEE
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19. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Files Added
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20. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Files Modified
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21. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Testing
• Our own tests (hour+)
- Arquillian based
- Each test run 4 to 5 times
• Certification Tests on Amazon EC2 (hundred+ machine
hours)
- t1.micro linux images, lot’s of them
- 100 spot instances going at once!
- Each has 613MB memory max
- Pass complete Web Profile TCK with default jvm memory (tiny!)
• Current certified OSs
- Amazon Linux AMI 2011.09, EBS boot, 32-bit EC2 t1.micro
- Amazon Linux AMI 2011.09, EBS boot, 32-bit EC2 m1.small
- Amazon Linux AMI 2011.09, EBS boot, 32-bit EC2 c1.medium
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22. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Results
• Small
- 27MB zip
- 64MB memory
• Works with Tomcat tools (it is Tomcat)
- Eclipse, Netbeans, Intellij
- YourKit, JRebel, NewRelic, etc.....
• Tightly integrated
- All about the code you don’t write
• Hundreds of hours of testing
- Unit, Integration, Compliance
• Certified
- Java EE 6 Web Profile portability
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23. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Doing itYourself
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24. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Perils of doing it yourself
• Wasted time you could spend coding
• Actually slower, not faster
- Tomcat will scan all your jars
- ... so will your JSF implementation
- ... so will your CDI implementation
- ... so will your JAX-RS implementation
- ... so will your JPA implementation... and so on
• Bloated memory from duplicate classes
• Incomplete parts
- OpenJPA missing JTA/EXTENDED EntityManagers
- OpenWebBeans runs 60% of CDI TCK
- Tomcat has no “java:global/” JNDI, @DataSourceDefinition, and
more
Tuesday, June 4, 13

25. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Perils of doing it yourself
• Incomplete integration
- connection, transaction, security propagation
- increased cohesion in specifications
• Get by with a little help from friends
- No way to share bug fixes
- If only there was community for Tomcat integration....
• Under Tested
- 1000s of integration tests required
- Each upgrade is a mystery
- If only there was a community for sharing tests....
• No portability
- Hard changing parts
- Even harder changing servers
Tuesday, June 4, 13

26. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Arquillian
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27. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
All your bugs
are belong to us
Tuesday, June 4, 13

28. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
TomEE + Arquillian = Bliss
• TomEE Remote Adapter
- For separate running TomEE process
- Managed and Unmanaged
• TomEE Embedded Adapter
- Runs TomEE in the test, embedded
• Tomcat + TomEE.war file
- Start with a Tomcat install
- Deploys the TomEE.war
• OpenEJB Embedded Adapter
- Everything but Servlet, JSP, JSF
- Much Faster
Tuesday, June 4, 13

29. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Maven
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30. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
All programs evolve until
they can send email
-- Letts’ Law
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31. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
tomee-maven-plugin
• Configure and setup servers from scratch
- download and unzip fresh server
- add, remove jars from <tomee>/libs/
- install config files
• Manage Server
- start, stop, restart
• Manage Applications
- download apps
- deploy, undeploy
Tuesday, June 4, 13

32. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
tomee-maven-plugin
Tuesday, June 4, 13

33. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Tools and Platforms
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34. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Tuesday, June 4, 13

35. #TomEE @dblevins
Jelastic
35
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36. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Validation
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37. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Validation
• Compiler style handing of issues
• All issues reported in one deploy
• Avoid “inching along” cycles
• Save the user time
• Teach the user
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38. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
OverworkedBean
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39. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Business Interface
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40. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Validation Results
FAIL ... OverworkedBean: Missing required "name" attribute on class-level @EJB usage
FAIL ... OverworkedBean: Missing required "beanInterface" attribute on class-level @EJB usage
FAIL ... OverworkedBean: Missing required "type" attribute on class-level @Resource usage
FAIL ... OverworkedBean: Mistaken use of @Resource on an EntityManager reference. Use @PersistenceConte
FAIL ... OverworkedBean: Mistaken use of @Resource on an EntityManagerFactory reference. Use @Persisten
WARN ... OverworkedBean: Ignoring @PostConstruct used on interface org.superbiz.Overworked method comeIn
WARN ... OverworkedBean: Ignoring @PreDestroy used on interface org.superbiz.Overworked method stayLater
WARN ... OverworkedBean: Ignoring @RolesAllowed used on interface org.superbiz.Overworked method doThisR
WARN ... OverworkedBean: Ignoring @TransactionAttribute used on interface org.superbiz.Overworked method
WARN ... OverworkedBean: Ignoring @TransactionAttribute used on interface org.superbiz.Overworked method
WARN ... OverworkedBean: @Remove is ignored for beans of type Stateless. Method: stayLater
WARN ... OverworkedBean: @Init is ignored for beans of type Stateless. Method: comeInEarly
WARN ... OverworkedBean: Corrected invalid injection-target-name: setMyNumber
Tuesday, June 4, 13

41. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Configuration
Tuesday, June 4, 13

42. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Tomcat Options
•No rip and replace
• System Level
- conf/server.xml
• App Level
- META-INF/context.xml
• Standard configuration options still work
- Resources available too all components: EJBs, CDI, JSF
• Connection pooling still not JTA aware!
• All Security done with Tomcat Realms
- EJB security
- WebService Security
- Use your custom Realm implementation
Tuesday, June 4, 13

43. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Additional Options
• System Level
- conf/tomee.xml
- conf/system.properties
• Process Level
- plain -D properties
• App Level
- META-INF/context.xml
- META-INF/resources.xml
- META-INF/application.properties
Tuesday, June 4, 13

44. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
conf/tomee.xml
Tuesday, June 4, 13

45. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Not Case-Sensitive
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46. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Be as Brief as you Want
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47. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
...really
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48. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
...really brief
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49. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Human Readable Durations
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50. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Comments Welcome
Tuesday, June 4, 13

51. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Do it in the App
• META-INF/resources.xml
Tuesday, June 4, 13

52. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Hate XML?
Tuesday, June 4, 13

53. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
conf/system.properties
Tuesday, June 4, 13

54. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Plain Java Properties
• JAVA_OPTS in a script
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55. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Mixed
• conf/tomee.xml
• META-INF/resources.xml
• JAVA_OPTS in a script
Tuesday, June 4, 13

56. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Extending
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57. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Extending (configuration)
• META-INF/resources.xml
• Injectable via @Resource
Tuesday, June 4, 13

58. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Extending (runtime events)
• CDI-style @Observes
• Registered via <Service> in META-INF/resources.xml
• Not quite CDI (yet)
• 27 client-side events
• 12 server-side events
• more events coming...
Tuesday, June 4, 13

59. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Tuesday, June 4, 13

60. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Failover Client-Side Events
Tuesday, June 4, 13

61. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Management and
Monitoring
Tuesday, June 4, 13

62. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Management and Monitoring
• JMX
- Webapp JMX deployment / apps (Tomcat)
- EJB Servers / Containers / Invocation stats (OpenEJB)
- JMS Topic / Queue / Subscriber / Broker (ActiveMQ)
- PersistenceUnit redeploy
- Database Pools
- Discovered servers / peers
- more coming...
• REST (soon)
- Just idea at this point
- Tiny bit available via ‘tomee’ console
- Would be great to have REST equivalents of all JMX beans
Tuesday, June 4, 13

63. #TomEE @dblevins63
Tuesday, June 4, 13

64. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Tuning
Tuesday, June 4, 13

65. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Scanning
• META-INF/scan.xml
• Usable in any jar
• Speeds loading of large jars
• Match packages
• Match classes
Tuesday, June 4, 13

66. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Clust...^H...
Cloud Features
Tuesday, June 4, 13

67. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Cloud
• Existing
- Super tiny size
- Certified on EC2 t1.micro, m1.small, c1.medium
- TCP and UDP server discovery
- Standard Tomcat clustering... er... cloudstering
- EJB client load-balancing and failover (stateless)
- Maven based provisioning
• Desired
- Multi-server console w/ monitoring and deployment
- Queue based auto-scaling (add/remove nodes)
- Cloud scoped @Singletons
- Cloud-wide @Observers and Events
- Cloud-wide Timers and @Schedule methods
- Amazon BeanStalk w/ TomEE
Tuesday, June 4, 13

68. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
Cloud Feature Requests?
Tuesday, June 4, 13

69. Apache #TomEE - #JavaEE on #Tomcat / @dblevins
thank you!
tomee.apache.org
@dblevins
dblevins@apache.org
Tuesday, June 4, 13