This document summarizes the discussions and decisions from the 11th meeting of the International Expert Group on Informal Sector Statistics. Key topics discussed included finalizing the draft manual on surveys of the informal sector and informal employment. The group reviewed each chapter, providing feedback and revisions. They agreed to submit the finalized manual to the ILO by the end of May 2010 for publication later in the year.
This document provides an introduction to the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation in India. It outlines the following key points:
1. The Ministry consists of two wings - the National Statistical Organisation and the Programme Implementation Wing. It also oversees the National Statistical Commission and Indian Statistical Institute.
2. The Ministry is responsible for developing official statistics in India, coordinating statistical activities, conducting large-scale surveys, compiling national accounts and economic indicators, and monitoring key infrastructure projects and development programs.
3. It adheres to international statistical standards and contributes to developing statistical systems globally. Important activities include celebrating Statistics Day, releasing publications, and maintaining the organization's website.
This document summarizes the key recommendations of an expert committee report on harnessing the India Post network for financial inclusion. The committee recommends that India Post should:
1. Deliver lightweight, low-cost bank accounts to all Indian citizens through outsourcing IT systems to multiple vendors.
2. Leverage its platform by providing branded accounts to partners like MFIs, insurers, and telecom companies.
3. Transform money orders into a system for transferring funds between POSB accounts using mobile phones or websites, with a target transaction fee of less than Rs. 0.1.
4. Build an integrated payments network connecting POSB accounts and partner accounts to enable digital money orders at scale.
Statement of civil society to dac peer review od germanyDr Lendy Spires
1. The document discusses the role of civil society in German development policy. It notes that CSOs are periodically consulted on policy issues but have limited influence. Consultation depends on the attitudes of individual officials. CSOs try to influence policy through contact with parliamentarians and media.
2. It also discusses public opinion and support for development issues in Germany. It notes CSOs play a vital role in raising awareness but receive less funding for this than churches. Public awareness of development issues tends to be limited.
3. The document then addresses policy coherence, noting a lack of coordination between different policy areas like finance, trade, and development. It gives several examples where other policies have undermined development goals.
This document provides a toolkit for transforming universities into green and sustainable campuses. It acknowledges contributions from universities globally for case studies and the support of UNEP's Environmental Education and Training Unit. The toolkit aims to inspire, encourage and support universities to develop and implement strategies for establishing green, resource-efficient and low-carbon campuses through strategies, tools and resources. It is intended to help universities become exemplars of best environmental practices through their operations in addition to their teaching and research on sustainability. The toolkit will be updated regularly as a living document to share additional university experiences.
Beyond aid a plan for canada's international cooperationDr Lendy Spires
This document discusses policy coherence for development (PCD) and Canada's approach to it. PCD refers to ensuring that non-aid policies of developed countries, such as those related to trade, investment and migration, support international development goals and do not undermine development efforts. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has advocated for PCD since the early 1990s. While Canada has committed to PCD, it currently lacks a coherent overarching policy framework to guide its engagement on development issues beyond just aid effectiveness. The document argues such a framework is needed for Canada to improve PCD and effectively address development challenges in a changing global context where non-aid flows increasingly impact development.
This document provides a summary of a peer review of the evaluation function of the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO). The review assessed FAO's evaluation function against criteria of utility, credibility and independence.
Key findings include: FAO has a mature evaluation function but opportunities exist to improve strategic use of evaluations. Credibility of evaluations relies on individual managers but systems are being strengthened. Functional independence exists but could be further clarified.
Recommendations focus on: improving strategic use of evaluations; clarifying roles in country evaluations; strengthening the evaluation-management relationship; improving evaluation quality; systematizing evaluation practice; and clarifying issues regarding the independence of the evaluation office. Changes to FAO's evaluation policy charter are also
Business Reference Guide UNITED NATIONS DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGEN...Dr Lendy Spires
The United Nations estimates that there are roughly over 370 million indigenous peoples living around the world, from the Arctic to the South Pacific, in over 90 countries. Indigenous peoples are responsible for a great deal of the world’s linguistic and cultural diversity, and their traditional knowledge is an invaluable resource; it is estimated that indigenous peoples occupy approximately 20 per cent of the world’s land surface, yet steward 80 per cent of the planet’s biodiversity. Combined with their unique cultural and spiritual ties to ancestral lands and territories, indigenous peoples are often fitting custodians of natural resources and ecological knowledge.
This often symbiotic relationship with land can on one hand make indigenous peoples sought after as potential partners for business ventures in various industries, and on the other hand make them vulnerable to potential negative impacts of commercial development. Historically, many indigenous peoples have suffered from abuse, discrimination, and marginalization, and in many areas this continues today. As a result, many indigenous peoples live in poverty and poor health and their cultures, languages and ways of life are threatened. Indigenous peoples comprise 5 per cent of the world’s population, yet they make up 15 per cent of the world’s poor and one-third of the world’s extremely poor.
In many areas, their average life expectancy is shorter than non-indigenous people. Facing these realities, indigenous peoples are often particularly vulnerable to the negative impacts of commercial development and business activities. There may be a sense of distrust by indigenous peoples towards the business community and State actors as a result of historical mistreatment such as dispossession and degradation of land and various human rights abuses. Harm has occurred when indigenous peoples unwittingly become parties to an agreement without informed understanding of its full implications.
Further, indigenous peoples and their cultures often lack full legal protection at the State level. Unfortunately, some businesses have either directly or indirectly caused or contributed to adverse impacts on indigenous peoples’ rights, and in some cases such impact has been irremediable. Business faces both challenges and opportunities when engaging with indigenous peoples. When businesses collaborate with indigenous peoples, they are often able to achieve sustainable economic growth, for ex-ample, by optimizing ecosystem services and harnessing local or traditional knowledge.
Positive engagement with indigenous peoples can also contribute to the success of resource development initiatives – from granting and maintaining social licenses to actively participating in business ventures as owners, contractors and employees. Failing to respect the rights of indigenous peoples can put businesses at significant legal, financial and reputational risk. For example, for a world-class mining
This document introduces a new Global Financial Development Database that benchmarks the financial systems of 205 economies from 1960 to 2010. The database measures four characteristics of financial institutions and markets: (1) size (financial depth), (2) access, (3) efficiency, and (4) stability. It uses these measures to characterize and compare financial systems across countries and over time, as well as examine the relationship between financial systems and policies. The analysis presented in the database and document provide an empirical framework for describing the multi-dimensional nature of financial systems around the world.
This document provides an introduction to the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation in India. It outlines the following key points:
1. The Ministry consists of two wings - the National Statistical Organisation and the Programme Implementation Wing. It also oversees the National Statistical Commission and Indian Statistical Institute.
2. The Ministry is responsible for developing official statistics in India, coordinating statistical activities, conducting large-scale surveys, compiling national accounts and economic indicators, and monitoring key infrastructure projects and development programs.
3. It adheres to international statistical standards and contributes to developing statistical systems globally. Important activities include celebrating Statistics Day, releasing publications, and maintaining the organization's website.
This document summarizes the key recommendations of an expert committee report on harnessing the India Post network for financial inclusion. The committee recommends that India Post should:
1. Deliver lightweight, low-cost bank accounts to all Indian citizens through outsourcing IT systems to multiple vendors.
2. Leverage its platform by providing branded accounts to partners like MFIs, insurers, and telecom companies.
3. Transform money orders into a system for transferring funds between POSB accounts using mobile phones or websites, with a target transaction fee of less than Rs. 0.1.
4. Build an integrated payments network connecting POSB accounts and partner accounts to enable digital money orders at scale.
Statement of civil society to dac peer review od germanyDr Lendy Spires
1. The document discusses the role of civil society in German development policy. It notes that CSOs are periodically consulted on policy issues but have limited influence. Consultation depends on the attitudes of individual officials. CSOs try to influence policy through contact with parliamentarians and media.
2. It also discusses public opinion and support for development issues in Germany. It notes CSOs play a vital role in raising awareness but receive less funding for this than churches. Public awareness of development issues tends to be limited.
3. The document then addresses policy coherence, noting a lack of coordination between different policy areas like finance, trade, and development. It gives several examples where other policies have undermined development goals.
This document provides a toolkit for transforming universities into green and sustainable campuses. It acknowledges contributions from universities globally for case studies and the support of UNEP's Environmental Education and Training Unit. The toolkit aims to inspire, encourage and support universities to develop and implement strategies for establishing green, resource-efficient and low-carbon campuses through strategies, tools and resources. It is intended to help universities become exemplars of best environmental practices through their operations in addition to their teaching and research on sustainability. The toolkit will be updated regularly as a living document to share additional university experiences.
Beyond aid a plan for canada's international cooperationDr Lendy Spires
This document discusses policy coherence for development (PCD) and Canada's approach to it. PCD refers to ensuring that non-aid policies of developed countries, such as those related to trade, investment and migration, support international development goals and do not undermine development efforts. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has advocated for PCD since the early 1990s. While Canada has committed to PCD, it currently lacks a coherent overarching policy framework to guide its engagement on development issues beyond just aid effectiveness. The document argues such a framework is needed for Canada to improve PCD and effectively address development challenges in a changing global context where non-aid flows increasingly impact development.
This document provides a summary of a peer review of the evaluation function of the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO). The review assessed FAO's evaluation function against criteria of utility, credibility and independence.
Key findings include: FAO has a mature evaluation function but opportunities exist to improve strategic use of evaluations. Credibility of evaluations relies on individual managers but systems are being strengthened. Functional independence exists but could be further clarified.
Recommendations focus on: improving strategic use of evaluations; clarifying roles in country evaluations; strengthening the evaluation-management relationship; improving evaluation quality; systematizing evaluation practice; and clarifying issues regarding the independence of the evaluation office. Changes to FAO's evaluation policy charter are also
Business Reference Guide UNITED NATIONS DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGEN...Dr Lendy Spires
The United Nations estimates that there are roughly over 370 million indigenous peoples living around the world, from the Arctic to the South Pacific, in over 90 countries. Indigenous peoples are responsible for a great deal of the world’s linguistic and cultural diversity, and their traditional knowledge is an invaluable resource; it is estimated that indigenous peoples occupy approximately 20 per cent of the world’s land surface, yet steward 80 per cent of the planet’s biodiversity. Combined with their unique cultural and spiritual ties to ancestral lands and territories, indigenous peoples are often fitting custodians of natural resources and ecological knowledge.
This often symbiotic relationship with land can on one hand make indigenous peoples sought after as potential partners for business ventures in various industries, and on the other hand make them vulnerable to potential negative impacts of commercial development. Historically, many indigenous peoples have suffered from abuse, discrimination, and marginalization, and in many areas this continues today. As a result, many indigenous peoples live in poverty and poor health and their cultures, languages and ways of life are threatened. Indigenous peoples comprise 5 per cent of the world’s population, yet they make up 15 per cent of the world’s poor and one-third of the world’s extremely poor.
In many areas, their average life expectancy is shorter than non-indigenous people. Facing these realities, indigenous peoples are often particularly vulnerable to the negative impacts of commercial development and business activities. There may be a sense of distrust by indigenous peoples towards the business community and State actors as a result of historical mistreatment such as dispossession and degradation of land and various human rights abuses. Harm has occurred when indigenous peoples unwittingly become parties to an agreement without informed understanding of its full implications.
Further, indigenous peoples and their cultures often lack full legal protection at the State level. Unfortunately, some businesses have either directly or indirectly caused or contributed to adverse impacts on indigenous peoples’ rights, and in some cases such impact has been irremediable. Business faces both challenges and opportunities when engaging with indigenous peoples. When businesses collaborate with indigenous peoples, they are often able to achieve sustainable economic growth, for ex-ample, by optimizing ecosystem services and harnessing local or traditional knowledge.
Positive engagement with indigenous peoples can also contribute to the success of resource development initiatives – from granting and maintaining social licenses to actively participating in business ventures as owners, contractors and employees. Failing to respect the rights of indigenous peoples can put businesses at significant legal, financial and reputational risk. For example, for a world-class mining
This document introduces a new Global Financial Development Database that benchmarks the financial systems of 205 economies from 1960 to 2010. The database measures four characteristics of financial institutions and markets: (1) size (financial depth), (2) access, (3) efficiency, and (4) stability. It uses these measures to characterize and compare financial systems across countries and over time, as well as examine the relationship between financial systems and policies. The analysis presented in the database and document provide an empirical framework for describing the multi-dimensional nature of financial systems around the world.
The document summarizes the One Young World summit that took place in Zurich, Switzerland. Over 1,200 young leaders from 170 countries discussed global issues and opportunities for the future. The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Fund for International Development (OFID) sponsored 25 delegates from developing countries to attend. Delegates questioned current international relations and proposed new solutions to tackle issues like poverty, education, and peace. Many were inspired to apply what they learned to make positive changes in their communities.
This document summarizes the annual report of the UN Secretary-General's Special Advocate for Inclusive Finance for Development. It discusses the progress made in advancing financial inclusion globally through national commitments and strategies, private sector innovation in financial products for the poor, and improved data and understanding of client needs. Key highlights include the G20 launching a financial inclusion peer learning program with 17 country commitments and the growing role of mobile banking in expanding access to financial services.
The Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness in Africa: Promise & Performance Dr Lendy Spires
This document provides a summary of the 2013 ECA-OECD Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness in Africa. Some key points:
- Africa has recovered from the 2009 global crisis, with growth of 5% in 2012, projected to remain strong, though growth depends on global conditions. Infrastructure and climate change remain major challenges.
- Progress has been made towards some MDGs but the pace is too slow for others like poverty, mortality reduction, and sanitation. Disparities persist in access to services.
- Governance has improved in some areas like elections but more work is needed on political governance, conflicts, and terrorism.
- Domestic revenue reached a record high in 2012 but budget allocation
Indigenous Peoples’ Rights and the Role of Free, Prior and Informed ConsentDr Lendy Spires
Historically, companies have faced significant challenges when managing their relationships with indigenous peoples. As businesses operate in increasingly remote areas, their ability to act in a manner respectful of the rights of indigenous peoples will only grow in importance. Indeed, companies face particularly acute challenges when operating on or near traditional indigenous lands. This is in part because indigenous peoples are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of commercial developments. Moreover, indigenous peoples enjoy special international rights, above and beyond those that apply to other communities.
To respect these rights, companies must update their policies and procedures, and grapple with a new paradigm for engagement. The right of indigenous peoples to give or withhold free, prior, and informed consent for the use of their lands, resources, traditional knowledge, or intellectual property (“FPIC”) is one of these special protections for indigenous peoples. It is a recent development in international law that has rapidly gained widespread support, although it is not always effectively implemented in national law or practice. Companies wishing to respect this right should build upon their existing consultation processes so that they can demonstrate that they obtained consent for their activities.
Yet obtaining FPIC in a “check-the-box” manner is not sufficient to ensure that the company respects the rights of indigenous peoples. This is because FPIC is not an end in of itself, but rather a process that in turn protects a broad spectrum of internationally recognized human rights. This Good Practice Note provides background on the history of FPIC, without taking a definitive viewpoint on its legal status. Indeed, FPIC is relevant to business regardless of its precise legal status since lenders, indigenous peoples, civil society, and other stakeholders increasingly expect companies to obtain consent. The Good Practice Note also explores the business case for obtaining FPIC and the challenges that are likely to arise in the process; outlines current company good practices to obtain FPIC; and discusses emerging practices that not only support FPIC but also long-term benefits for affected indigenous communities.
This document discusses indigenous peoples in Southeast Asia. It begins by defining indigenous peoples and explaining that they prefer to use the names their ancestors gave them rather than terms imposed by outsiders. It notes that indigenous peoples have distinct cultures and strong connections to their traditional lands and resources. The document then distinguishes indigenous peoples from ethnic minorities, noting that indigenous peoples have collective rights under the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. These collective rights include self-determination, land and resource rights, free prior and informed consent, development and cultural rights. Finally, it acknowledges the common issues indigenous peoples face, such as non-recognition as indigenous peoples by some governments in the region.
Unsgsa opening remarks at the annual meeting of global financial standard s...Dr Lendy Spires
1) The speaker thanks the organizations for meeting again to advance financial inclusion goals and notes increased global awareness and action on the issue in the past year.
2) During visits to many countries, the speaker observed high levels of financial exclusion and a need for innovative solutions to expand access to formal financial services. National strategies are being developed.
3) Better measurement of financial inclusion is needed to understand its effects on development and stability and inform effective policymaking. Momentum is growing at both the national and international levels.
The document summarizes the proceedings of a regional sensitization seminar held in Yaounde, Cameroon from September 13-16, 2006 on the rights of indigenous populations and communities in Central Africa. It provides an overview of the seminar objectives and participants which included indigenous organizations, national human rights institutions, NGOs, and state delegates from Central African countries. Experts gave presentations on topics such as the characteristics of indigenous groups in Africa, key issues facing them like land rights violations, legal protections in Central Africa, and government policies in various countries. The seminar aimed to strengthen collaboration between stakeholders on improving assistance to indigenous communities.
NITI BRIEFS is a series of documents created for dissemination of important policy matters. This is the first document in the series. It provides an overview of the National Development Agenda, Fourteenth Finance Commission and the Union Budget 2015-16.
This document summarizes the introduction to international migration processes involving Afghanistan as both a host and source country. As a source country, Afghanistan lacks a well-organized emigration system to facilitate Afghan nationals finding employment abroad and reduce unemployment. The Ministry of Labor is working to develop bilateral labor agreements with other countries and regulate private employment agencies. However, more institutional reforms are needed to better manage emigration. As a host country, Afghanistan also lacks a streamlined system for registering foreign workers through its existing work permit system. The report will examine reforms to both emigration and immigration management systems.
CENTRAL SECRETARIAT MANUAL OF OFFICE PROCEDUREConsultant
CENTRAL SECRETARIAT MANUAL OF OFFICE PROCEDURE
MINISTRYOF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS
DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS AND PUBLIC GRIEVANCES
Aspects Of The Black Economy In India.pdfSumni Uchiha
This document provides a summary of a report submitted to the Ministry of Finance, Government of India on aspects of the black economy in India. It was produced by a project team at the National Institute of Public Finance and Policy led by Shankar Acharya. The report estimates the scale of black income generation in India using various methodologies including fiscal, monetary, and physical input approaches. It also examines specific sectors like sugar and real estate that are major sources of black income. The report aims to provide policymakers with information to help scale down unaccounted economic activities.
The Council Advisory Report summarizes the activities of the WHO-FIC Network Council and its Small Executive Group from October 2013 to September 2014. Key activities included:
- Monitoring progress of the Network's Strategic Work Plan
- Revising the "Conduct of the WHO-FIC Network" governance document
- Providing advice on the ICD revision process and development of ICHI
- Supporting work towards an ICF ontology and casemix applications
- Ensuring continuity of leadership for committees undergoing elections
The document provides definitions and concepts for technical terms used in National Sample Surveys (NSS) conducted in India. It discusses the sampling design used in NSS including definitions for sampling unit, domain of study, state/union territory, and region. It also defines rural and urban areas as adopted in the latest population census. The document aims to document definitions of terms used in NSS to promote standardization and help both NSS workers and data users.
The KM-GBF monitoring framework –status & key messages. Joachim Töpper and Ha...pensoftservices
The document summarizes the status of the key messages and monitoring framework for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework (KM-GBF) as reported by the AHTEG (Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group) at their 6th meeting in March 2024. It provides an overview of the documents and deliverables prepared for SBSTTA 26, including proposed revisions to the list and status of headline, binary and other indicators based on progress in developing methodologies. Tables show the updated status of indicators related to Goals A-D and Targets 1-23, with most having further progressed in their methodology since the previous report in October 2023.
A study on the growth of BPO industry in India.This paper contains the different aspects of BPO industry in India and The main reasons behind th egrowth of BPO industry in India,
This document summarizes the proceedings of an international meeting held in Taicang, China from November 12-14, 2013 to discuss monitoring implementation of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) beyond 2014. The meeting brought together UN agencies, governments, and experts to develop an operational framework for monitoring progress on the ICPD Programme of Action. Participants worked in groups to propose frameworks and indicators for four pillars: dignity and rights, health, security of place and mobility, and governance. The frameworks and indicators developed will help operationalize the ICPD goals and comprehensively measure population and development issues.
1) The document analyzes India's economic reforms since 1999 and benchmarks them against China's reforms. It finds that China achieved strong growth through state-led industrialization and infrastructure investment, while India's initial reforms were more limited.
2) However, India's recent telecom and privatization reforms show the potential to accelerate growth when implemented well. Reforms like these have enabled strong domestic companies and benefited consumers.
3) To maintain its lead in IT and realize its economic potential, India must strengthen infrastructure like power, encourage IT manufacturing, and improve education through public-private partnerships. Continuing reforms across sectors could allow India to overcome current challenges and become a global economic power.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Overview of the New Features of World Programme for the Census of Agriculture...FAO
The document provides an overview of the new features of the World Programme for the Census of Agriculture (WCA) 2020. Some key points include:
1. The WCA 2020 introduces new modalities for census taking including a modular approach and greater use of information technology. It also distinguishes between essential, frame, and additional census items.
2. The census of agriculture is important for agricultural planning, research, and monitoring global initiatives like the Sustainable Development Goals. It provides critical data on issues like food security, the environment, and gender.
3. Methodological considerations include different census modalities, use of frames and registers, and integrating census and survey data collection. Relationship to other censuses
Overview of the new features of the WCA 2020. Importance of the WCA in the li...FAO
The document provides an overview of the new features of the World Programme for the Census of Agriculture (WCA) 2020. Some of the main changes include eliminating concepts, redefining items to align with international standards, and introducing three categories of census items: essential, frame, and additional. The census aims to provide data on the structure of agriculture to support areas like sustainable development, food security, and gender equality. It is part of an integrated agricultural statistical system and can provide sampling frames for surveys. Methodological considerations include different census modalities and the relationship to other censuses.
This presentation was presented during Day 1 of the Global Soil Partnership Plenary Assembly – 5th Session that took place at FAO Hq in Rome, Italy, from 20 to 22 June 2017. The presentation was made by Mr. Rapibhat Chandarasrivongs
The document summarizes the One Young World summit that took place in Zurich, Switzerland. Over 1,200 young leaders from 170 countries discussed global issues and opportunities for the future. The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Fund for International Development (OFID) sponsored 25 delegates from developing countries to attend. Delegates questioned current international relations and proposed new solutions to tackle issues like poverty, education, and peace. Many were inspired to apply what they learned to make positive changes in their communities.
This document summarizes the annual report of the UN Secretary-General's Special Advocate for Inclusive Finance for Development. It discusses the progress made in advancing financial inclusion globally through national commitments and strategies, private sector innovation in financial products for the poor, and improved data and understanding of client needs. Key highlights include the G20 launching a financial inclusion peer learning program with 17 country commitments and the growing role of mobile banking in expanding access to financial services.
The Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness in Africa: Promise & Performance Dr Lendy Spires
This document provides a summary of the 2013 ECA-OECD Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness in Africa. Some key points:
- Africa has recovered from the 2009 global crisis, with growth of 5% in 2012, projected to remain strong, though growth depends on global conditions. Infrastructure and climate change remain major challenges.
- Progress has been made towards some MDGs but the pace is too slow for others like poverty, mortality reduction, and sanitation. Disparities persist in access to services.
- Governance has improved in some areas like elections but more work is needed on political governance, conflicts, and terrorism.
- Domestic revenue reached a record high in 2012 but budget allocation
Indigenous Peoples’ Rights and the Role of Free, Prior and Informed ConsentDr Lendy Spires
Historically, companies have faced significant challenges when managing their relationships with indigenous peoples. As businesses operate in increasingly remote areas, their ability to act in a manner respectful of the rights of indigenous peoples will only grow in importance. Indeed, companies face particularly acute challenges when operating on or near traditional indigenous lands. This is in part because indigenous peoples are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of commercial developments. Moreover, indigenous peoples enjoy special international rights, above and beyond those that apply to other communities.
To respect these rights, companies must update their policies and procedures, and grapple with a new paradigm for engagement. The right of indigenous peoples to give or withhold free, prior, and informed consent for the use of their lands, resources, traditional knowledge, or intellectual property (“FPIC”) is one of these special protections for indigenous peoples. It is a recent development in international law that has rapidly gained widespread support, although it is not always effectively implemented in national law or practice. Companies wishing to respect this right should build upon their existing consultation processes so that they can demonstrate that they obtained consent for their activities.
Yet obtaining FPIC in a “check-the-box” manner is not sufficient to ensure that the company respects the rights of indigenous peoples. This is because FPIC is not an end in of itself, but rather a process that in turn protects a broad spectrum of internationally recognized human rights. This Good Practice Note provides background on the history of FPIC, without taking a definitive viewpoint on its legal status. Indeed, FPIC is relevant to business regardless of its precise legal status since lenders, indigenous peoples, civil society, and other stakeholders increasingly expect companies to obtain consent. The Good Practice Note also explores the business case for obtaining FPIC and the challenges that are likely to arise in the process; outlines current company good practices to obtain FPIC; and discusses emerging practices that not only support FPIC but also long-term benefits for affected indigenous communities.
This document discusses indigenous peoples in Southeast Asia. It begins by defining indigenous peoples and explaining that they prefer to use the names their ancestors gave them rather than terms imposed by outsiders. It notes that indigenous peoples have distinct cultures and strong connections to their traditional lands and resources. The document then distinguishes indigenous peoples from ethnic minorities, noting that indigenous peoples have collective rights under the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. These collective rights include self-determination, land and resource rights, free prior and informed consent, development and cultural rights. Finally, it acknowledges the common issues indigenous peoples face, such as non-recognition as indigenous peoples by some governments in the region.
Unsgsa opening remarks at the annual meeting of global financial standard s...Dr Lendy Spires
1) The speaker thanks the organizations for meeting again to advance financial inclusion goals and notes increased global awareness and action on the issue in the past year.
2) During visits to many countries, the speaker observed high levels of financial exclusion and a need for innovative solutions to expand access to formal financial services. National strategies are being developed.
3) Better measurement of financial inclusion is needed to understand its effects on development and stability and inform effective policymaking. Momentum is growing at both the national and international levels.
The document summarizes the proceedings of a regional sensitization seminar held in Yaounde, Cameroon from September 13-16, 2006 on the rights of indigenous populations and communities in Central Africa. It provides an overview of the seminar objectives and participants which included indigenous organizations, national human rights institutions, NGOs, and state delegates from Central African countries. Experts gave presentations on topics such as the characteristics of indigenous groups in Africa, key issues facing them like land rights violations, legal protections in Central Africa, and government policies in various countries. The seminar aimed to strengthen collaboration between stakeholders on improving assistance to indigenous communities.
NITI BRIEFS is a series of documents created for dissemination of important policy matters. This is the first document in the series. It provides an overview of the National Development Agenda, Fourteenth Finance Commission and the Union Budget 2015-16.
This document summarizes the introduction to international migration processes involving Afghanistan as both a host and source country. As a source country, Afghanistan lacks a well-organized emigration system to facilitate Afghan nationals finding employment abroad and reduce unemployment. The Ministry of Labor is working to develop bilateral labor agreements with other countries and regulate private employment agencies. However, more institutional reforms are needed to better manage emigration. As a host country, Afghanistan also lacks a streamlined system for registering foreign workers through its existing work permit system. The report will examine reforms to both emigration and immigration management systems.
CENTRAL SECRETARIAT MANUAL OF OFFICE PROCEDUREConsultant
CENTRAL SECRETARIAT MANUAL OF OFFICE PROCEDURE
MINISTRYOF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS
DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS AND PUBLIC GRIEVANCES
Aspects Of The Black Economy In India.pdfSumni Uchiha
This document provides a summary of a report submitted to the Ministry of Finance, Government of India on aspects of the black economy in India. It was produced by a project team at the National Institute of Public Finance and Policy led by Shankar Acharya. The report estimates the scale of black income generation in India using various methodologies including fiscal, monetary, and physical input approaches. It also examines specific sectors like sugar and real estate that are major sources of black income. The report aims to provide policymakers with information to help scale down unaccounted economic activities.
The Council Advisory Report summarizes the activities of the WHO-FIC Network Council and its Small Executive Group from October 2013 to September 2014. Key activities included:
- Monitoring progress of the Network's Strategic Work Plan
- Revising the "Conduct of the WHO-FIC Network" governance document
- Providing advice on the ICD revision process and development of ICHI
- Supporting work towards an ICF ontology and casemix applications
- Ensuring continuity of leadership for committees undergoing elections
The document provides definitions and concepts for technical terms used in National Sample Surveys (NSS) conducted in India. It discusses the sampling design used in NSS including definitions for sampling unit, domain of study, state/union territory, and region. It also defines rural and urban areas as adopted in the latest population census. The document aims to document definitions of terms used in NSS to promote standardization and help both NSS workers and data users.
The KM-GBF monitoring framework –status & key messages. Joachim Töpper and Ha...pensoftservices
The document summarizes the status of the key messages and monitoring framework for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework (KM-GBF) as reported by the AHTEG (Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group) at their 6th meeting in March 2024. It provides an overview of the documents and deliverables prepared for SBSTTA 26, including proposed revisions to the list and status of headline, binary and other indicators based on progress in developing methodologies. Tables show the updated status of indicators related to Goals A-D and Targets 1-23, with most having further progressed in their methodology since the previous report in October 2023.
A study on the growth of BPO industry in India.This paper contains the different aspects of BPO industry in India and The main reasons behind th egrowth of BPO industry in India,
This document summarizes the proceedings of an international meeting held in Taicang, China from November 12-14, 2013 to discuss monitoring implementation of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) beyond 2014. The meeting brought together UN agencies, governments, and experts to develop an operational framework for monitoring progress on the ICPD Programme of Action. Participants worked in groups to propose frameworks and indicators for four pillars: dignity and rights, health, security of place and mobility, and governance. The frameworks and indicators developed will help operationalize the ICPD goals and comprehensively measure population and development issues.
1) The document analyzes India's economic reforms since 1999 and benchmarks them against China's reforms. It finds that China achieved strong growth through state-led industrialization and infrastructure investment, while India's initial reforms were more limited.
2) However, India's recent telecom and privatization reforms show the potential to accelerate growth when implemented well. Reforms like these have enabled strong domestic companies and benefited consumers.
3) To maintain its lead in IT and realize its economic potential, India must strengthen infrastructure like power, encourage IT manufacturing, and improve education through public-private partnerships. Continuing reforms across sectors could allow India to overcome current challenges and become a global economic power.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
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20 group 11th meeting informal sector statistics
1.
Report of 11th Meeting of the International Expert Group on Informal
Sector Statistics
(Delhi Group)
ILO, Geneva 27-29 January 2010
The 11th
meeting of Delhi Group on Informal Sector Statistics started
with welcoming the participants and self introduction round the table. The
list of participants is enclosed. The agenda items for the meeting are the
following:
• To discuss the draft manual on survey of Informal Sector and
Informal Employment.
• Future activities of the Delhi Group, and
• Any other item, with the permission of the Chairperson.
The Chief Statistician of India Dr. Pronab Sen who is also the
Chairman of Delhi Group chaired the meeting.
2. The draft of the “Manual on Surveys of Informal Employment and
Informal Sector” contains 9 chapters. The time table for the meeting, list of
the 9 chapters and list of contributors are annexed (Annexure 1,
Annexure 2 and Annexure 3 respectively).
3. General discussion about the timeline for manual finalization and
handing over the draft manual to the ILO by the Delhi Group and
subsequent procedures were discussed. Chairperson mentioned that by the
end of May, 2010 manual will be handed over to ILO by Delhi Group;
subsequent procedures for its publication rest with the ILO. Mr. Ralf
Hussmanns said that as per normal procedure, the ILO will take steps to
send the manual to few experts working on the topic for peer review, take
their comments and process. This will include members of the Delhi
Group.. The Manual will go through formal editing by the ILO and will be
published in later part of year 2010 depending on ILO publication schedule.
For translation in French language or any other language, ILO welcomes
proposals for support.
2. 4. The corrections required in draft manual could be classified into 4
categories:
1) Cross‐referencing between chapters
2) Harmonisation of terms.
3) Material not there and needs inclusion.
4) Material already there and needs exclusion.
5 Categories 1 and 2 will be dealt with during editing stage. For
category 3, it was agreed that the experts suggesting inclusion provide the
material also, or else such inclusion would be dealt with in a future version
of the manual.
6. A brief verbal presentation on chapter (s) was made by author (s)
followed by open house discussions. The presentations focused on the
contents of the chapters, revisions made to previous drafts, and unresolved
substantive issues requiring guidance by the Group The issues raised and
decisions taken are given chapterwise in the ensuing paras.
Chapter I: Introduction
• Few editing errors were pointed out which will be corrected at the
time of general editing by ILO.
• If the terms “Informal Economy” and “Formal Economy” are used in
Introduction, they need to be explained.
• The estimates quoted in the section ‘Importance of the informal
sector and informal employment’ should be qualified as being approximate.
It should be indicated that the purpose of the manual is to improve such
estimates.
• The last paragraph of the section ‘Importance of the informal sector
and informal employment’ should be reworded to reflect that poverty
reduction is a broader macro‐economic issue.
• Statement in page 3 “The goods and services produced in the
informal economy are particularly important in what is consumed by the
3. poor”. The phrase as well as in other households should be added to the
sentence
• Section nos. may be given as in subsequent chapters.
• As 2008 System of National Accounts has already been put in
website, the word “forthcoming” need to be replaced by website address in
footnote 9 of Chapter 1 of draft Manual.
• In line with the presentation style of other chapters, list of references
may be added.
Footnotes 10 and 18 also need to be corrected.
Chapter 2 : Concepts, definitions and sub‐classifications of Informal Sector
and informal employment.
• Chapter organisation may be described in the introduction.
• The title of section 2.2.2.1 should express more clearly that the
section refers to activities within the general production boundary but
outside the SNA production boundary.
• Diagram 3 in section 2.2.2.1 : Phillippines was there last time but
now omitted as Phillippines has recently done survey and hence
information on new survey definition(s) are required to include Phillippines.
A reference to Chapter 6 should be made in respect of the 1‐2‐3 surveys. In
the case of Mali, the reference should be updated (Labour Force Survey
2007).
• In the first paragraph of section 2.2.2.3, reference to ISIC tabulation
category B should be dropped and reference be made to ISIC Rev. 4.
• Table 1 in section 3.1 : Figures for India are to be furnished to the
ILO with suitable footnote on coverage. Mali has done a labour force
survey 2007 and the figures in the table should be updated accordingly, if
4. made available to the ILO. Mr. François Roubaud offered to provide data
for additional Asian countries (Viet Nam, Philippines, Mongolia,
Bangladesh, Sri Lanka).
• Section 4 of Chapter 2 should be moved to Chapter 1, Section
‘International statistical recommendations’, and the reference to cells 1 to
10 in Diagram 5 should be deleted.
• As several para of 15 ICLS resolution have been quoted extensively, it
maybe annexed in the manual for easy reference.
Chapter 3: Measurement objectives and Data Collection Strategies
• The approach taken in the chapter was endorsed that no single
methodology is to be recommended but the comparative
advantages/disadvantages of each methodology be clearly brought out.
Use of terms like ‘ISU’, ‘IPU’, etc. should be harmonized across chapters.
• Choice of methodology depends also on the type of sampling frame
available. This needs to be given more prominence in the chapter.
• In section 2, a reference to and summary table of data items should be
added, and this should be cross‐referenced with Chapter 8.
The title of Table 3.1 in section 3 should be changed to better reflect that
the table refers to the theoretical relation between measurement
objectives and the units of observation targeted by the alternative survey
methods. The footnote needs to be changed as follows: The information
may be subject to non‐sampling errors because the observation unit is
captured indirectly”.
A row 2.5 should be inserted for ‘Destinations of/demand for IS products’.
• The discussion of issues regarding sample size in the second‐last
paragraph of section 3 needs to be expanded with reference to different
survey methodologies.
• The first sentence of section 6.2 should be reworded.
5. • The first paragraph of section 8 should mention that work on indirect
methods will continue irrespective of the development of direct methods,
and that the MIMIC model is a recent indirect method.
Chapter 4 : Household Surveys on Informal Sector Employment and other
types of Informal Employment.
• After Box 4.1, explain that variables such as type of work place or
income can be both important contextual and analytical variables.
.
• Relevant parts of the questionnaires mentioned in the body of the
manual are to be added as annexures.
• In Page 5, example 4.2. Mali questions – Translation in English may
be given.
• In Page 11, 4th
line, the phrase “The former approach:” should be
corrected as “The latter approach”.
• Issues regarding sample size, sampling frame need to be mentioned.
• The employee may not know whether he works in a informal/formal
establishment. Suitable questions may be required, answers to which will
lead to information about type of unit. This may be included in the report.
• A section on ‘Questions related to type of work place’ should be
added before the section on ‘Treatment of home‐based workers’.
• Though “information” may not be reliable, the Labour Force survey
may attempt to get information about income from employment.
• A reference may be made to the differences that arise between
Panel and non‐panel surveys in the estimation of informal sector.
6.
• Cameroon and Viet Nam should be added to Table 4.1, and year of the
survey of Mali should be updated to 2007.
• Documents/sources used for the material on country practices may be
listed at the end of the chapter under references.
Chapter 5: Establishment censuses and Informal Sector Establishment
Surveys
• In Section 5, Table 1 (pages 8‐9) more information should be added
on Latin American countries; Panama 1983 to be replaced by Ecuador.
Vietnam and Colombia information may be added; as also Mexico
experience.
• The chapter should acknowledge that the classical form of the
establishment approach tends to cover micro‐businesses only, i.e. the
upper segment of the informal sector characterized by a higher
productivity than the rest.
• Examples of country experiences should be issue‐based rather than
descriptive, i.e. they should be linked to the material of sections 1 to 4.
This may mean bringing substantive issues, which are raised in the country
experiences, forward to sections 1 to 4 (e.g. listing of production units
concurrently with the houselisting for the population census).
• The chapter should address the problems of underreporting and
undercoverage inherent to the establishment approach. It should only
describe country experiences that attempt to tackle these problems, i.e.
those trying to cover home‐based and/or mobile activities.
• Add material on Linkages between Economic Census and
Establishment Surveys.
• Issues regarding new forms of organization such as Self Help Groups
may be mentioned. Schedules of enquiry should try to include questions on
capturing information on new forms of organization.
7. • The chapter should include material on the following as
recommended by the Delhi Group at its tenth meeting:
o Indian experience in evolution of survey design of household enterprises
and unorganized sector enterprises, stressing on improvements may be
briefly traced;
o Empirical analysis of differences in estimates on informal sector and
informal employment obtained from 55th round (1999‐2000) and 56th
and 57th rounds on unorganised sector surveys may be included; and
o Listing experiences in economic censuses and surveys in India may be
traced with improvements brought‐in over time, may be described;
• Documents/sources used for the material on country practices may be
listed at the end of the chapter under references.
Chapter 6:
• Section 3.1.1, Figure 6.3: The figure should be updated (e.g. for
Burundi 2008 information is to be provided by Mr. Osbert (UNECA)).
• Reference to Chapter 3 may be made in section 3.1.3 where it has
been described how to include in LFSs a component to identify informal
sector employment/informal employment.
• Use phrase “countries in which informal employment is a significant
part” instead of phrase “developing countries”.
• With regard to integrated mixed surveys, the chapter should mention
that if measurement of the informal sector or informal employment are key
objectives of a labour force survey, in designing or redesigning the sample
of the labour force survey it should be considered to reallocate the sample
accordingly. A paragraph on this issue should also be added to Chapter 3.
8.
• Section 3.2.2.6 should include a cross‐reference to the periodicities
recommended in Chapter 3.
• Annex 1: Use of the word “generic” may be changed as “template” or
“draft” given by ESCAP which has been modified by different countries to
suit their needs. This should be explained in a footnote or the heading of
the questionnaires should be changes accordingly.
Chapter 7: Independent Informal Sector Surveys using the mixed
household and enterprise survey approach.
• Country experiences of Brazil, India (1999/2000), Palestine (2003)
and Turkey may be included.
• Cross referencing to Chapter 3 may be made which brings out clearly
the pros and cons of the various procedures described in Chapters 6 and 7.
• Chapter 7 should start with brief introduction and indicate its
contents similar to other chapters. The introduction should indicate the
issues that are common to Chapters 6 and 7 but dealt with in Chapter 6.
• The term ‘branch’ of economic activity should be changed to ‘kind’ of
economic activity.
• Where the first phase is limited to a household listing, independent
informal sector surveys using the mixed household and enterprise survey
approach may bring out the economic characteristics of enterprises but
may not do justice to the social, demographic characteristics of informal
employment. This needs to be highlighted.
• Section 1.6.4: It should be explained that the purpose of the dual
approach is to ensure that an adequate number of informal sector
establishments is included in the sample. Problems of identifying
9. establishments correctly may however be mentioned. The description
of Type A should read “Establishments located, within the sample area,
in a unit other than an occupied residential dwelling of a building or
structure . The owner(s) …”.
• Section 2.1: It should be mentioned that the sample size of a single
survey covering all kinds of economic activity should be large enough for
each kind to provide reliable kind‐specific estimates of value added per
worker.
• Under section 2.3.2 guidelines for the treatment of units which are
misclassified or erroneously included in the sampling frame should be
included. This is quite common and guidelines of treating such cases
would be very useful for practitioners.
Chapter 8: Tabulation, reporting and dissemination
• Few sentences may be added to indicate that the proposed
tabulations are illustrative only. Depending upon the contents of
questionnaires, different tabulations could be produced.
• Indicators on informal sector units and tabulations on their
characteristics like value addition, market access, etc., need to be added.
Inputs from other members of the Group are required for this.
• Data items and tabulations relating to demand‐side issues should be
added.
• Bernd Becker’s paper on minimum data sets for National Accounts
may be referred to.
• The CSO of India agreed to provide an example of intermediate
structure worksheet for inclusion in the chapter.
11. Planned Activities
During the said meeting, the future activities of Delhi Group on
“Informal Sector Statistics” was also discussed. The work of Delhi Group on
“Manual of Surveys of Informal Sector and Informal Employment” is
coming to an end in May, 2010. Informal Sector Statistical Data issues are
very demanding on a wide range of issues. Delhi Group will be continuing
its work on “Informal Sector Statistics” and the possible areas of future
work will be any of the following:
i. Improvement of coverage and quality of data of informal sector and
informal employment.
ii. The application of the concept of informal employment in developed
countries.
iii. Examination of the groups in the International Classification of Status
in Employment (ICSE) which are relevant to the conceptual framework
for informal employment, and proposals for revisions/
subclassifications.
iv. Definition of Rural Employment and Strategy for Promotion of Rural
Employment including its measurement.
v. Typology of agricultural employment with a view to defining informal
(self‐)employment in agriculture .
vi. Comparison of country results in informal sector/informal
employment.
vii. Data sets for skills of workers/vocational trainings in informal
sector/informal employment.
viii. Guidance on implementation of concept of informal sector and
informal employment in SNA 2008 .
ix. Rural to urban migration for employment.
x. Migrant workers in informal employment.
xi. Information relevant for analytical work in informal sector – do we get
from the statistical system?
xii. Social Dimensions of Informal Sector such as Poverty /Social security
Issues/Health Status of informal workers/Gender dimensions/Gender
disparity/ Child work in informal employment.
The meeting ended with Vote of Thanks to the Chair
12.
Chair of the Delhi Group:
Dr. Pronab Sen, Secretary, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India
Participants
Country Organization Name Title Email
China National Bureau of
Statistics
Mr. Zhao
Xiaohan
Consultant, Division of
Metadata Management, D/o
Statistical Design and
Management
zhaoxh@stats.gov.cn
China National Bureau of
Statistics
Mr. Li Jun Senior Program Officer,
Division of Provincial
Programs Management, D/o
Statistical Design and
Management
lijun@stats.gov.cn
France DIAL‐IRD Mr. François
Roubaud
Senior Researcher roubaud@dial.prd.fr
India Central Statistical
Organisation,
Government of
India
Smt.
Jeyalakshmi
Additional Director General,
Social Statistics Division,
Ministry of Statistics and
Programme
Implementation
adg‐ssd‐mospi@nic.in
India Central Statistical
Organisation,
Government of
India
Shri Ramesh
Kolli
Additional Director General,
NAD, Ministry of Statistics
and Programme
Implementation
rameshkolli@nic.in
India Mr. N.S. Sastry Ex‐DG, India CSO
Ex‐Chair of Delhi Group
n.s.sastry@hotmail.co
m
nittala_ssastry@yahoo.
co.in
Mexico INEGI, DGVE/DGAID Mr. Rodrigo
Negrete
Director of Socio‐
Demographic Statistics
rodrigo.negrete@inegi.
org.mx
Republic of
Kazakhstan
The Agency of
Statistics of the
Republic of
Kazakhstan
Ms. Galiya
Ismurzina
Deputy Director of National
Accounts Department
gismurzina@stat.kz
AFRISTAT Mr. Ousman Expert Household Survey afristat@afristat.org
13. Koriko ousman.koriko@afrista
t.org
UNECA Mr. Gerard
Osbert
Regional Advisor on
Household Surveys and
Focal Point
gosbert@uneca.org
WIEGO Ms. Joann Vanek Co‐Director of the Statistics
Program
joann_vanek@hotmail.
com
UNSD Mr. Gulab Singh Statistician singh46@un.org
UNECE Ms. Vitalia
Gaucaite
Statistician vitalia.gaucaite@unece.
org
UNECE Ms. Zeynep
Orhun
Associate Statistician zeynep.orhun@unece.
org
UNECE Ms. Irena
Kostadinova
Intern Statistician irena.kostadinova@une
ce.org
ILO Ms. Elisa Benes Statistician benes@ilo.org
ILO Mr. Ralf
Hussmanns
Head of Household Surveys
Unit
hussmanns@ilo.org
17. Annexure 4
Draft Outline of Chapter 9 of the Delhi Group Manual
Chapter 9: Use of Data on Informal Sector and Informal Employment
in National Accounts
1. Introduction
• Purpose :To inform survey statisticians about the data needs
for national accounts compilation, and to raise awareness
among national accountants of the value of using direct
survey data for :
o Ensuring on exhaustive coverage of GDP.
o Helpful in balancing supply and use.
• Chapter structure
2. Informal sector in SNA 2008
• How informal sector is situated in SNA 2008.
• Informal sector as a subset of household sector
• Satellite presentation (include also informal employment).
3. Requirement of data on informal sector for national accounts
purposes
• Direct measurement
o In terms of output, intermediate consumption,
employment and other related variables, for example,
capital formation.
• Indirect measurement
o Labour input matrix
o Productivity coefficients
4. Use of survey data on informal sector for estimation of national
accounts aggregates.
o Labour input method
o Production account
o Generation of income accounts
o Selected country experiences in quantifying contribution of
informal sector in national accounts.
__________________