Серповидноклеточная анемия
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Определение. Эпидемиология. Клиническая картина. Степень тяжести.
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Sickle cell anemia
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic blood disorder where red blood cells become stiff and sticky and form clumps that can get stuck in blood vessels, blocking blood flow. This causes pain, infections, and organ damage. It occurs when someone inherits two sickle cell genes, one from each parent. Those with one sickle cell gene have sickle cell trait and do not have the disease. It most commonly affects those with ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa, South and Central America, the Caribbean, India, and Mediterranean countries. While there is no cure, treatments can help relieve symptoms and prevent complications.
Sickle cell anemia - By Janaki raman
1. Sickle cell anemia is a genetic blood disorder caused by a mutation in the beta-globin gene resulting in abnormal hemoglobin S.
2. Red blood cells with hemoglobin S become sickle shaped and rigid, causing them to clog small blood vessels and obstruct blood flow. This leads to chronic hemolytic anemia, organ damage, and painful sickle cell crises.
3. Treatment involves management of pain, antibiotics to prevent infection, blood transfusions, hydroxyurea therapy, and potentially bone marrow transplantation or gene therapy in severe cases. Regular screening and preventative measures can help reduce complications.
Aplastic Anemias & Bone Marrow Transplant I by Dr. Sookun Rajeev Kumar
Aplastic anemia is a condition where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient new blood cells, causing pancytopenia. It can be inherited or acquired due to drugs, viruses, radiation, chemicals or immune causes. Patients present with infections, bleeding and symptoms of anemia. Bone marrow biopsy shows hypocellular marrow. Treatment involves stem cell transplant, immunosuppressive therapy, blood transfusions, antibiotics and supportive care.
Sickle cell anaemia 2
Sickle-cell anaemia is a genetic blood disorder caused by a mutation in the haemoglobin gene. It causes red blood cells to become misshapen and block small blood vessels, leading to pain and anaemia. If both parents are carriers of the sickle-cell allele, there is a 25% chance their child will have sickle-cell anaemia, as shown through a Punnett square. Treatments aim to prevent pain crises and complications but do not cure the condition, though bone marrow transplants potentially offer a cure.
ADA classification of Diabetes, prediabetes, A1c, OGTT, FBS, RBS
Prediabetes is a condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) diagnoses diabetes based on certain blood sugar thresholds including a hemoglobin A1c level of 6.5% or higher, a fasting blood glucose of 126 mg/dL or higher, or a 2-hour plasma glucose of 200 mg/dL or higher during an oral glucose tolerance test. Left untreated, prediabetes can lead to a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.
Glycemic goals in diabetics
This document discusses glycemic goals for different groups of diabetics according to guidelines from the ADA, AACE, and IDF. It outlines recommended levels for fasting glucose, post-prandial glucose, and A1C for the general diabetic population as well as for children, pregnant women, those with gestational diabetes, and hospitalized patients. The guidelines note the need to individualize goals based on factors like duration of diabetes, age, and comorbidities. Strict glycemic control is associated with lower risks of microvascular complications and slowing progression of existing complications, as well as long-term reductions in macrovascular complications for young diabetics.
Management of diabetes in heart disease
This document summarizes guidelines for managing diabetes in cardiac patients from the American Diabetes Association in 2011. It discusses studies that show intensive glucose control reduces cardiovascular outcomes for type 2 diabetes patients. However, the ACCORD trial found intensive control increased mortality, likely due to hypoglycemia. The ADA evidence grading system and criteria for diagnosing diabetes are also presented.
Recommended
Sickle cell anemia
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic blood disorder where red blood cells become stiff and sticky and form clumps that can get stuck in blood vessels, blocking blood flow. This causes pain, infections, and organ damage. It occurs when someone inherits two sickle cell genes, one from each parent. Those with one sickle cell gene have sickle cell trait and do not have the disease. It most commonly affects those with ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa, South and Central America, the Caribbean, India, and Mediterranean countries. While there is no cure, treatments can help relieve symptoms and prevent complications.
Sickle cell anemia - By Janaki raman
1. Sickle cell anemia is a genetic blood disorder caused by a mutation in the beta-globin gene resulting in abnormal hemoglobin S.
2. Red blood cells with hemoglobin S become sickle shaped and rigid, causing them to clog small blood vessels and obstruct blood flow. This leads to chronic hemolytic anemia, organ damage, and painful sickle cell crises.
3. Treatment involves management of pain, antibiotics to prevent infection, blood transfusions, hydroxyurea therapy, and potentially bone marrow transplantation or gene therapy in severe cases. Regular screening and preventative measures can help reduce complications.
Aplastic Anemias & Bone Marrow Transplant I by Dr. Sookun Rajeev Kumar
Aplastic anemia is a condition where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient new blood cells, causing pancytopenia. It can be inherited or acquired due to drugs, viruses, radiation, chemicals or immune causes. Patients present with infections, bleeding and symptoms of anemia. Bone marrow biopsy shows hypocellular marrow. Treatment involves stem cell transplant, immunosuppressive therapy, blood transfusions, antibiotics and supportive care.
Sickle cell anaemia 2
Sickle-cell anaemia is a genetic blood disorder caused by a mutation in the haemoglobin gene. It causes red blood cells to become misshapen and block small blood vessels, leading to pain and anaemia. If both parents are carriers of the sickle-cell allele, there is a 25% chance their child will have sickle-cell anaemia, as shown through a Punnett square. Treatments aim to prevent pain crises and complications but do not cure the condition, though bone marrow transplants potentially offer a cure.
ADA classification of Diabetes, prediabetes, A1c, OGTT, FBS, RBS
Prediabetes is a condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) diagnoses diabetes based on certain blood sugar thresholds including a hemoglobin A1c level of 6.5% or higher, a fasting blood glucose of 126 mg/dL or higher, or a 2-hour plasma glucose of 200 mg/dL or higher during an oral glucose tolerance test. Left untreated, prediabetes can lead to a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.
Glycemic goals in diabetics
This document discusses glycemic goals for different groups of diabetics according to guidelines from the ADA, AACE, and IDF. It outlines recommended levels for fasting glucose, post-prandial glucose, and A1C for the general diabetic population as well as for children, pregnant women, those with gestational diabetes, and hospitalized patients. The guidelines note the need to individualize goals based on factors like duration of diabetes, age, and comorbidities. Strict glycemic control is associated with lower risks of microvascular complications and slowing progression of existing complications, as well as long-term reductions in macrovascular complications for young diabetics.
Management of diabetes in heart disease
This document summarizes guidelines for managing diabetes in cardiac patients from the American Diabetes Association in 2011. It discusses studies that show intensive glucose control reduces cardiovascular outcomes for type 2 diabetes patients. However, the ACCORD trial found intensive control increased mortality, likely due to hypoglycemia. The ADA evidence grading system and criteria for diagnosing diabetes are also presented.
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of myeloid disorders characterized by peripheral blood cytopenias and dysplasia in bone marrow cells. MDS results from clonal stem cell disorders that impair differentiation, causing low blood cell counts and risk of acute myeloid leukemia. The disease mainly affects the elderly and risk factors include genetic mutations, toxic exposures, and certain genetic syndromes. Diagnosis involves blood tests showing low counts of one or more cell types and bone marrow biopsy demonstrating dysplastic changes. Prognosis ranges from long-term survival to rapid progression; treatment focuses on supportive care like transfusions as well as hypomethylating agents or stem cell transplantation in high-risk cases.
Glannzmann Thromboasthenia
This document summarizes information about Glanzmann thrombasthenia, a rare genetic platelet disorder. It is an autosomal recessive disease caused by a defect in the 11bß3 integrin complex, which prevents normal platelet aggregation and clot formation. This leads to excessive bleeding and bruising. Diagnosis involves tests like platelet function analyzer, flow cytometry, and platelet aggregation studies. Treatment focuses on medications to reduce bleeding risk, vaccines to prevent infection from frequent transfusions, and recombinant activated factor VII for patients with antibodies preventing normal platelet function.
Sickle cell disease.Therapeutics
A 20-year-old male presented with a history of delayed puberty, decreased growth, severe joint pain, weakness, and cough. His past history included episodes of jaundice, body aches, pains, and gallstones. Examination found decreased growth, delayed puberty, anemia, jaundice, leg ulcers, and enlarged spleen. Laboratory tests showed anemia and abnormalities consistent with sickle cell disease. The patient's family history also included similar problems in a cousin who died at a young age after receiving blood transfusions. The presentation and family history are consistent with sickle cell disease.
Hereditary spherocytosis
Hereditary spherocytosis is a genetically transmitted form of anemia where red blood cells are sphere-shaped rather than disk-shaped, making them prone to hemolysis. Symptoms include fatigue, pallor, jaundice, and in acute cases hypoxemia and hyperbilirubinemia. Diagnosis involves observing the lack of central pallor in red blood cells and increased fragility in hypotonic solutions. The condition is caused by defects in genes coding for membrane proteins, preventing red blood cells from maintaining their disk shape and surviving passage through the spleen. Treatment options include blood transfusions, folic acid supplementation, and splenectomy.
Update on Diabetic Nephropathy (2018)
Slidedeck of the presentation I gave during the East by Southwest conference, co-organized by the Division of Nephrology (UNM) and the Renal and Electrolyte Division (UPMC)
Newborn Screening: Part III
The document discusses several topics related to newborn screening:
1) It reviews important aspects of newborn screening discussed in previous sessions, including resources for information and the roles of primary care providers and specialists.
2) It discusses diseases recently added to newborn screens including SCID, MPS I, Pompe disease, X-ALD, and SMA, outlining their characteristics, inheritance, newborn screening protocols, and treatment options.
3) It emphasizes the need to facilitate urgent referrals for conditions like SCID given the time-sensitive nature of diagnosis and treatment for better outcomes.
Diabetes powerpoint
There are four main types of diabetes: type 1, type 2, gestational diabetes, and pre-diabetes. Type 1 is usually diagnosed in childhood and requires daily insulin injections. Type 2 is the most common type and is often linked to obesity. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy, and pre-diabetes means blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as type 1 or 2. Common symptoms of diabetes include frequent urination, thirst, hunger, and fatigue. Testing involves fasting plasma glucose tests and oral glucose tolerance tests. Managing diabetes involves diet, exercise, medication and monitoring blood sugar levels. Long-term complications can affect the heart, kidneys, eyes, nerves and skin if diabetes is
SLE: present guidelines and consensus
This document summarizes current treatment guidelines for lupus nephritis. It defines lupus nephritis based on ACR criteria and recommends an early renal biopsy. For initial treatment of proliferative lupus nephritis (classes III/IV), guidelines differ on whether cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate mofetil is preferred. Maintenance therapy with mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine with low-dose steroids is recommended, with mycophenolate mofetil showing better outcomes. Immunosuppression should be continued for at least one year after complete remission is achieved.
Sickle cell anemia
The child was brought to a health provider with swollen hands and feet, labored breathing, and red urine. Tests found low blood oxygen and red blood cell count. Additional testing confirmed sickle cell anemia through detection of hemoglobin S, SS, SB, or SC. Sickle cell anemia is caused by a genetic mutation that substitutes valine for glutamic acid in the hemoglobin protein, weakening red blood cells and reducing their lifespan to around 20 days. Treatments aim to supplement proteins, vitamins, antibiotics to prevent infection, and blood transfusions, but there is currently no cure.
Sickle cell anemia
1. The patient presented with headache and right-sided hemiplegia, consistent with an acute stroke.
2. Strokes in sickle cell disease are most commonly ischemic and occur bimodally, peaking in younger children and those over 30 years old. Hemorrhagic strokes are rarer and peak during the second decade.
3. Diagnostic workup includes blood tests and neuroimaging to determine if the stroke is ischemic or hemorrhagic, as management differs between the two.
Management of dm in ckd
Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), accounting for over 50% of new ESRD cases. Strict control of blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol, and protein in the urine can help prevent or delay kidney damage in patients with diabetes. For patients with diabetes and existing chronic kidney disease, careful management of medications, diet, anemia, bone disease, and other comorbidities is needed. Dialysis or kidney transplantation may be required as kidney function declines.
Diabetic kidney disease 2021
This document discusses diabetic kidney disease (DKD). It provides information on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, standard of care, and pharmacological interventions to reduce cardiorenal risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. Regarding standard of care, it outlines glycemic and blood pressure targets, the use of RAAS inhibitors and statins, and glucose-lowering medications. It then discusses how SGLT2 inhibitors have shown benefits in reducing cardiovascular, renal, and heart failure outcomes as well as slowing kidney disease progression in patients with DKD and type 2 diabetes.
Obstetric Case Sheet
This document is dedicated to serving the Islamic nation and supporting the students at Tanta Medical School. It contains an obstetric sheet with sections for personal history, medical history, and examination. The personal history section includes fields for the patient's name and gender to get familiar with the patient and indicate the husband's religion.
Glycogen storage disorder case presentation1
This document summarizes the medical history and treatment of a 4-month-old male child diagnosed with Glycogen Storage Disorder Type 1B (GSD 1B). The child had a history of multiple hospital admissions for infections, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, hepatomegaly, and failure to thrive. Genetic testing confirmed a homozygous deletion in the glucose-6-phosphate translocase gene. The child was started on a specialized diet but continued having infections and developmental delays. Sadly, the child passed away at 10 months after developing severe metabolic acidosis and respiratory distress during an episode of acute gastroenteritis.
Thrombophilias
Thrombophilias are hypercoagulable conditions that can be acquired or inherited. Most important hypercoagulable conditions =, testing procedures, duration of anticoagulation will be discussed here. Useful for Internal Medicine Boards and Hematology boards. Some aspects on duration of anticoagulation, HIT are high-yield for USMLE exams.
Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: diagnosis and management
Diabetes mellitus is a common illness and the prevalence has been increasing all over the world, especially in Asia and India. Diabetes leads to several complications, affecting kidneys, nerves, eyes, brain and heart. The involvement of nerves due to diabetes is called diabetic neuropathy, which can be painful and disabling. The current presentation looks at the symptoms and diagnosis of painful diabetic neuropathy and also the treatment options.
CASE REPORT ON HUS
The patient, a 16-year-old girl, presented with fever, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, jaundice, decreased urine output, and swelling over 10 days. Laboratory tests showed hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury consistent with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Stool culture grew E. coli, indicating the patient had Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) HUS, the most common type of HUS in children. The patient was diagnosed with HUS likely caused by STEC infection.
Update on diabetic nephropathy 2019
Q1 2019 Update of my diabetic nephropathy talk.
Incorporates the ADA 2019 guidelines and data tables
E portfolios
An ePortfolio is a collection of electronic evidence such as documents, images, and videos that are assembled and managed online by a user. EPortfolios can be developmental, reflective, or representational. They are used as a central repository to demonstrate abilities and achievements over time for purposes such as job applications or self-expression. Examples of ePortfolio platforms include Jobrary, Krop, and FolioSpaces.
Анемия у детей. Питание, профилактика и лечение.
Наиболее частые причины анемии у детей.
Как определить основные признаки анемии на ранней стадии заболевания.
Как правильно проводить диагностику у детей до года и старше.
Какой рацион питания при анемии подойдет именно вашему ребенку.
Какое лечение необходимо проводить, в зависимости от стадии развития анемии.
Самые эффективные и современные способы профилактики анемии у детей.
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Myelodysplastic syndromes
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of myeloid disorders characterized by peripheral blood cytopenias and dysplasia in bone marrow cells. MDS results from clonal stem cell disorders that impair differentiation, causing low blood cell counts and risk of acute myeloid leukemia. The disease mainly affects the elderly and risk factors include genetic mutations, toxic exposures, and certain genetic syndromes. Diagnosis involves blood tests showing low counts of one or more cell types and bone marrow biopsy demonstrating dysplastic changes. Prognosis ranges from long-term survival to rapid progression; treatment focuses on supportive care like transfusions as well as hypomethylating agents or stem cell transplantation in high-risk cases.
Glannzmann Thromboasthenia
This document summarizes information about Glanzmann thrombasthenia, a rare genetic platelet disorder. It is an autosomal recessive disease caused by a defect in the 11bß3 integrin complex, which prevents normal platelet aggregation and clot formation. This leads to excessive bleeding and bruising. Diagnosis involves tests like platelet function analyzer, flow cytometry, and platelet aggregation studies. Treatment focuses on medications to reduce bleeding risk, vaccines to prevent infection from frequent transfusions, and recombinant activated factor VII for patients with antibodies preventing normal platelet function.
Sickle cell disease.Therapeutics
A 20-year-old male presented with a history of delayed puberty, decreased growth, severe joint pain, weakness, and cough. His past history included episodes of jaundice, body aches, pains, and gallstones. Examination found decreased growth, delayed puberty, anemia, jaundice, leg ulcers, and enlarged spleen. Laboratory tests showed anemia and abnormalities consistent with sickle cell disease. The patient's family history also included similar problems in a cousin who died at a young age after receiving blood transfusions. The presentation and family history are consistent with sickle cell disease.
Hereditary spherocytosis
Hereditary spherocytosis is a genetically transmitted form of anemia where red blood cells are sphere-shaped rather than disk-shaped, making them prone to hemolysis. Symptoms include fatigue, pallor, jaundice, and in acute cases hypoxemia and hyperbilirubinemia. Diagnosis involves observing the lack of central pallor in red blood cells and increased fragility in hypotonic solutions. The condition is caused by defects in genes coding for membrane proteins, preventing red blood cells from maintaining their disk shape and surviving passage through the spleen. Treatment options include blood transfusions, folic acid supplementation, and splenectomy.
Update on Diabetic Nephropathy (2018)
Slidedeck of the presentation I gave during the East by Southwest conference, co-organized by the Division of Nephrology (UNM) and the Renal and Electrolyte Division (UPMC)
Newborn Screening: Part III
The document discusses several topics related to newborn screening:
1) It reviews important aspects of newborn screening discussed in previous sessions, including resources for information and the roles of primary care providers and specialists.
2) It discusses diseases recently added to newborn screens including SCID, MPS I, Pompe disease, X-ALD, and SMA, outlining their characteristics, inheritance, newborn screening protocols, and treatment options.
3) It emphasizes the need to facilitate urgent referrals for conditions like SCID given the time-sensitive nature of diagnosis and treatment for better outcomes.
Diabetes powerpoint
There are four main types of diabetes: type 1, type 2, gestational diabetes, and pre-diabetes. Type 1 is usually diagnosed in childhood and requires daily insulin injections. Type 2 is the most common type and is often linked to obesity. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy, and pre-diabetes means blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as type 1 or 2. Common symptoms of diabetes include frequent urination, thirst, hunger, and fatigue. Testing involves fasting plasma glucose tests and oral glucose tolerance tests. Managing diabetes involves diet, exercise, medication and monitoring blood sugar levels. Long-term complications can affect the heart, kidneys, eyes, nerves and skin if diabetes is
SLE: present guidelines and consensus
This document summarizes current treatment guidelines for lupus nephritis. It defines lupus nephritis based on ACR criteria and recommends an early renal biopsy. For initial treatment of proliferative lupus nephritis (classes III/IV), guidelines differ on whether cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate mofetil is preferred. Maintenance therapy with mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine with low-dose steroids is recommended, with mycophenolate mofetil showing better outcomes. Immunosuppression should be continued for at least one year after complete remission is achieved.
Sickle cell anemia
The child was brought to a health provider with swollen hands and feet, labored breathing, and red urine. Tests found low blood oxygen and red blood cell count. Additional testing confirmed sickle cell anemia through detection of hemoglobin S, SS, SB, or SC. Sickle cell anemia is caused by a genetic mutation that substitutes valine for glutamic acid in the hemoglobin protein, weakening red blood cells and reducing their lifespan to around 20 days. Treatments aim to supplement proteins, vitamins, antibiotics to prevent infection, and blood transfusions, but there is currently no cure.
Sickle cell anemia
1. The patient presented with headache and right-sided hemiplegia, consistent with an acute stroke.
2. Strokes in sickle cell disease are most commonly ischemic and occur bimodally, peaking in younger children and those over 30 years old. Hemorrhagic strokes are rarer and peak during the second decade.
3. Diagnostic workup includes blood tests and neuroimaging to determine if the stroke is ischemic or hemorrhagic, as management differs between the two.
Management of dm in ckd
Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), accounting for over 50% of new ESRD cases. Strict control of blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol, and protein in the urine can help prevent or delay kidney damage in patients with diabetes. For patients with diabetes and existing chronic kidney disease, careful management of medications, diet, anemia, bone disease, and other comorbidities is needed. Dialysis or kidney transplantation may be required as kidney function declines.
Diabetic kidney disease 2021
This document discusses diabetic kidney disease (DKD). It provides information on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, standard of care, and pharmacological interventions to reduce cardiorenal risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. Regarding standard of care, it outlines glycemic and blood pressure targets, the use of RAAS inhibitors and statins, and glucose-lowering medications. It then discusses how SGLT2 inhibitors have shown benefits in reducing cardiovascular, renal, and heart failure outcomes as well as slowing kidney disease progression in patients with DKD and type 2 diabetes.
Obstetric Case Sheet
This document is dedicated to serving the Islamic nation and supporting the students at Tanta Medical School. It contains an obstetric sheet with sections for personal history, medical history, and examination. The personal history section includes fields for the patient's name and gender to get familiar with the patient and indicate the husband's religion.
Glycogen storage disorder case presentation1
This document summarizes the medical history and treatment of a 4-month-old male child diagnosed with Glycogen Storage Disorder Type 1B (GSD 1B). The child had a history of multiple hospital admissions for infections, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, hepatomegaly, and failure to thrive. Genetic testing confirmed a homozygous deletion in the glucose-6-phosphate translocase gene. The child was started on a specialized diet but continued having infections and developmental delays. Sadly, the child passed away at 10 months after developing severe metabolic acidosis and respiratory distress during an episode of acute gastroenteritis.
Thrombophilias
Thrombophilias are hypercoagulable conditions that can be acquired or inherited. Most important hypercoagulable conditions =, testing procedures, duration of anticoagulation will be discussed here. Useful for Internal Medicine Boards and Hematology boards. Some aspects on duration of anticoagulation, HIT are high-yield for USMLE exams.
Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: diagnosis and management
Diabetes mellitus is a common illness and the prevalence has been increasing all over the world, especially in Asia and India. Diabetes leads to several complications, affecting kidneys, nerves, eyes, brain and heart. The involvement of nerves due to diabetes is called diabetic neuropathy, which can be painful and disabling. The current presentation looks at the symptoms and diagnosis of painful diabetic neuropathy and also the treatment options.
CASE REPORT ON HUS
The patient, a 16-year-old girl, presented with fever, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, jaundice, decreased urine output, and swelling over 10 days. Laboratory tests showed hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury consistent with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Stool culture grew E. coli, indicating the patient had Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) HUS, the most common type of HUS in children. The patient was diagnosed with HUS likely caused by STEC infection.
Update on diabetic nephropathy 2019
Q1 2019 Update of my diabetic nephropathy talk.
Incorporates the ADA 2019 guidelines and data tables
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Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: diagnosis and management
Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: diagnosis and management
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E portfolios
An ePortfolio is a collection of electronic evidence such as documents, images, and videos that are assembled and managed online by a user. EPortfolios can be developmental, reflective, or representational. They are used as a central repository to demonstrate abilities and achievements over time for purposes such as job applications or self-expression. Examples of ePortfolio platforms include Jobrary, Krop, and FolioSpaces.
Анемия у детей. Питание, профилактика и лечение.
Наиболее частые причины анемии у детей.
Как определить основные признаки анемии на ранней стадии заболевания.
Как правильно проводить диагностику у детей до года и старше.
Какой рацион питания при анемии подойдет именно вашему ребенку.
Какое лечение необходимо проводить, в зависимости от стадии развития анемии.
Самые эффективные и современные способы профилактики анемии у детей.
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Серповидноклеточная анемия
- 1. Выполнила: Машенцева А. А. группа 1420 Проверила: ассистент кафедры медицинской информатики О. В. Урнева
- 2. • Определение • Этиология • Клиническая картина • Степень тяжести
- 3. Серповидноклеточная анемия — это наследственная гемоглобинопатия, связанная с таким нарушением строения белка гемоглобина, при котором он приобретает особое кристаллическое строение — так называемый гемоглобин S. Эритроциты, несущие гемоглобин S вместо нормального гемоглобина А, под микроскопом имеют характерную серпообразную форму (форму серпа), за что эта форма гемоглобинопатии и получила название серповидноклеточной анемии.
- 4. Заболевание связано с мутацией гена HBB, вследствие чего синтезируется аномальный гемоглобин S, в молекуле которого вместо глутаминовой кислоты в шестом положении b-цепи находится валин. В условия гипоксии гемоглобин S полимеризуется и образует длинные тяжи, в результате чего эритроциты приобретают серповидную форму.
- 5. Симптомы: • Усталость и анемия • Приступы боли • Отек и воспаление пальцев рук и/или ног и артрит • Бактериальные инфекции • Тромбоз крови в селезенке и печени • Лёгочные и сердечные травмы • Язвы на ногах • Асептический некроз • Повреждение глаз
- 6. Тип анемии Цветовой показатель МСН (пг) МСНС (г/дл) Гипохромная < 0,85 < 27 Тип анемии Нормохромная 0,85 – 1,05 27 - 35 31 – 36 Гиперхромная 1,05 и более Более 35 Более 36 Типы анемии по степени насыщения эритроцитов кислородом