The document discusses new features in Oracle Database 11g Release 1. Key points include: 1. Encrypted tablespaces allow encryption of data at the tablespace level while still supporting indexing and queries. 2. New caching capabilities improve performance by caching more results in memory, such as function results and query results. 3. Standby databases have enhanced capabilities and can now be used for more active purposes like development, testing and reporting for increased usability and value.

1. Top 10, no – make that 11, things about Oracle Database 11g Release 1 Thomas Kyte http://asktom.oracle.com

8. Oracle Database Innovation 30 years of sustained innovation … … continuing with Oracle Database 11g Audit Vault Database Vault Grid Computing Self Managing Database XML Database Oracle Data Guard Real Application Clusters Flashback Query Virtual Private Database Built in Java VM Partitioning Support Built in Messaging Object Relational Support Multimedia Support Data Warehousing Optimizations Parallel Operations Distributed SQL & Transaction Support Cluster and MPP Support Multi-version Read Consistency Client/Server Support Platform Portability Commercial SQL Implementation 1977 2007

10. #1 Encrypted Tablespaces

12. Encrypted Tablespaces ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> create tablespace encrypted 2 datafile '/…/encrypted.dbf' size 10m 3 ENCRYPTION default storage( encrypt ); Tablespace created. ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> create tablespace clear 2 datafile '/…/clear.dbf' size 10m; Tablespace created.

13. Encrypted Tablespaces ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> create table t 2 tablespace clear 3 as 4 select * from all_users; Table created. ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> create index t_idx 2 on t(lower(username)) 3 tablespace clear ; Index created.

14. Encrypted Tablespaces ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> alter system checkpoint; System altered. $ strings /…/clear.dbf | grep -i ops.tkyte OPS$TKYTE from the table ops$tkyte from the index

15. Encrypted Tablespaces ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> alter table t move 2 tablespace encrypted ; Table altered. ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> alter index t_idx rebuild 2 tablespace encrypted ; Index altered.

16. Encrypted Tablespaces ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> alter system checkpoint; System altered. $ strings /…/encrypted.dbf | grep -i ops.tkyte [This space intentionally left blank]

17. Encrypted Tablespaces ps$tkyte%ORA11GR1> set autotrace traceonly explain ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select * from t where lower(username) like 'ops$%'; Execution Plan ------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | ------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 2 | 112 | | 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T | 2 | 112 | |* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | T_IDX | 1 | | ------------------------------------------------------------- Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 2 - access(LOWER("USERNAME") LIKE 'ops$%') filter(LOWER("USERNAME") LIKE 'ops$%')

18. #2 Cache More Stuff

20. Cache More ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> /* ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> drop table t; ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> create table t as select * from all_objects; ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> */ ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> update t set object_type=object_type where rownum=1; 1 row updated.

21. Cache More ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> set autotrace traceonly ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select /*+ result_cache */ 2 owner, 3 object_type, 4 count(*) cnt 5 from t 6 group by owner, object_type 7 order by owner, object_type 8 / 249 rows selected.

22. Cache More Execution Plan -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 58742 | 1606K| 284 (2)| 00:00:04 | | 1 | RESULT CACHE | 5cwffcum1ajfud1088m1m73f81 | | | | | | 2 | SORT GROUP BY | | 58742 | 1606K| 284 (2)| 00:00:04 | | 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T | 58742 | 1606K| 280 (1)| 00:00:04 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Result Cache Information (identified by operation id): ------------------------------------------------------ 1 - column-count=3; dependencies=(OPS$TKYTE.T); parameters=(nls); name="select /*+ result_cache */ owner, object_type, count(*) cnt from t group by owner, object_type order by"

23. Cache More Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 1005 consistent gets 0 physical reads 0 redo size 6922 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 596 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 18 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 1 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 249 rows processed

24. Cache More ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> / 249 rows selected. Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 0 consistent gets 0 physical reads 0 redo size 6922 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 596 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 18 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 249 rows processed

25. Cache More ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select * from ( 2 select /*+ result_cache */ 3 owner, object_type, count(*) cnt 4 from t 5 group by owner, object_type 6 order by owner, object_type 7 ) 8 where cnt > 100 9 / 38 rows selected.

26. Cache More Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 0 consistent gets 0 physical reads 0 redo size 1516 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 442 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 4 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 38 rows processed

27. Cache More SQL> create or replace 2 function not_cached 3 ( p_owner in varchar2 ) 4 return number 5 as 6 l_cnt number; 7 begin 8 select count(*) 9 into l_cnt 10 from t 11 where owner = p_owner; 12 dbms_lock.sleep(1); 13 return l_cnt; 14 end; 15 / Function created. SQL> create or replace 2 function cached 3 ( p_owner in varchar2 ) 4 return number 5 result_cache 6 relies_on(T) 7 as 8 l_cnt number; 9 begin 10 select count(*) 11 into l_cnt 12 from t 13 where owner = p_owner; 14 dbms_lock.sleep(1); 15 return l_cnt; 16 end; 17 / Function created.

28. Cache More SQL> exec dbms_output.put_line( not_cached( 'SCOTT' ) ); 6 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Elapsed: 00:00:0 1.93 SQL> exec dbms_output.put_line( not_cached( 'SCOTT' ) ); 6 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Elapsed: 00:00:0 1.29 SQL> exec dbms_output.put_line( not_cached( 'SCOTT' ) ); 6 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Elapsed: 00:00:0 1.07

29. Cache More SQL> exec dbms_output.put_line( cached( 'SCOTT' ) ); 6 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Elapsed: 00:00:0 1.09 SQL> exec dbms_output.put_line( cached( 'SCOTT' ) ); 6 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Elapsed: 00:00:0 0.01 SQL> exec dbms_output.put_line( cached( 'SCOTT' ) ); 6 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Elapsed: 00:00:0 0.01

30. Cache More SQL> update t set owner = initcap(owner) where rownum = 1; 1 row updated. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> exec dbms_output.put_line( cached( 'SCOTT' ) ); 6 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Elapsed: 00:00:0 1.25 SQL> exec dbms_output.put_line( cached( 'SCOTT' ) ); 6 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Elapsed: 00:00:0 0.01

31. Cache More SQL> exec dbms_output.put_line( cached( 'SYS' ) ); 29339 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Elapsed: 00:00:0 1.21 SQL> exec dbms_output.put_line( cached( 'SYS' ) ); 29339 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Elapsed: 00:00:0 0.01 SQL> exec dbms_output.put_line( cached( 'SCOTT' ) ); 6 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Elapsed: 00:00:0 0.00

32. #3 Standby Just got better

37. Active Data Guard – More than a Standby Simultaneous read and recovery High ROI Automated Disaster and performance protection Use daily in testing and production Recovery mode only Low ROI Manual intensive Disaster protection only Used in disaster only

38. #4 Real Application Testing

40. #5 Smaller more secure DMP files

43. #6 Virtual Columns

45. Virtual Columns ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> /* ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> create table emp ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> as ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select all_objects.*, object_id sal, round(dbms_random.value( 1000, 100000 )) comm ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> from all_objects ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> / ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> */ ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats( user, 'EMP' ) PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

46. Virtual Columns ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select avg( sal+comm ) avg_comp, avg(sal) avg_sal, avg(comm) avg_comm from emp; AVG_COMP AVG_SAL AVG_COMM ---------- ---------- ---------- 85376.9437 34821.6827 50555.261 ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select count(case when sal+comm > 85376.9437 then 1 end) above_comp, 2 count(case when sal > 34821.6827 then 1 end) above_sal , 3 count(case when comm > 50555.261 then 1 end) above_comm 4 from emp; ABOVE_COMP ABOVE_SAL ABOVE_COMM ---------- ---------- ---------- 33957 33830 34036

47. Virtual Columns ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select * from emp where sal > 34821.6827; -------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time -------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 34673 | 3893K| 309 (1)| 00:0 |* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 34673 | 3893K| 309 (1)| 00:0 -------------------------------------------------------------------- ABOVE_COMP ABOVE_SAL ABOVE_COMM ---------- ---------- ---------- 33957 33830 34036

48. Virtual Columns ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select * from emp where comm > 50555.261; -------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time -------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 33943 | 3811K| 309 (1)| 00:0 |* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 33943 | 3811K| 309 (1)| 00:0 -------------------------------------------------------------------- ABOVE_COMP ABOVE_SAL ABOVE_COMM ---------- ---------- ---------- 33957 33830 34036

49. Virtual Columns ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select * from emp where sal+comm > 85376.9437; -------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time -------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 3398 | 381K| 309 (1)| 00:0 |* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 3398 | 381K| 309 (1)| 00:0 -------------------------------------------------------------------- ABOVE_COMP ABOVE_SAL ABOVE_COMM ---------- ---------- ---------- 33957 33830 34036

50. Virtual Columns ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> ALTER TABLE emp ADD (comp AS (sal+comm)); Table altered. ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats( user, 'EMP', method_opt=> 'for columns comp ' ); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

51. Virtual Columns ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select * from emp where sal+comm > 85376.9437; -------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time -------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 33927 | 3975K| 309 (1)| 00:0 |* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 33927 | 3975K| 309 (1)| 00:0 -------------------------------------------------------------------- ABOVE_COMP ABOVE_SAL ABOVE_COMM ---------- ---------- ---------- 33957 33830 34036

52. #7 Partitioning just got better

57. Partitioning ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> create table audit_trail 2 ( ts timestamp, 3 data varchar2(30) 4 ) 5 partition by range(ts) 6 interval (numtodsinterval(1,'day')) 7 store in (users, example ) 8 (partition p0 values less than 9 (to_date('22-sep-2007','dd-mon-yyyy')) 10 ) 11 / Table created.

58. Partitioning ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select partition_name, tablespace_name, high_value 2 from user_tab_partitions 3 where table_name = 'AUDIT_TRAIL'; PARTITION_ TABLESPACE HIGH_VALUE ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------- P0 USERS TIMESTAMP' 2007-09-22 00:00:00'

59. Partitioning ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> insert into audit_trail 2 select sysdate+rownum, 'x' 3 from all_users 4 where rownum <= 5 5 / 5 rows created.

60. Partitioning ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select partition_name, tablespace_name, high_value 2 from user_tab_partitions 3 where table_name = 'AUDIT_TRAIL'; PARTITION_ TABLESPACE HIGH_VALUE ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------- P0 USERS TIMESTAMP' 2007-09-22 00:00:00' SYS_P66 EXAMPLE TIMESTAMP' 2007-09-23 00:00:00' SYS_P67 USERS TIMESTAMP' 2007-09-24 00:00:00' SYS_P68 EXAMPLE TIMESTAMP' 2007-09-25 00:00:00' SYS_P69 USERS TIMESTAMP' 2007-09-26 00:00:00' SYS_P70 EXAMPLE TIMESTAMP' 2007-09-27 00:00:00' 6 rows selected.

61. Partitioning ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select partition_name, tablespace_name, high_value 2 from user_tab_partitions 3 where table_name = 'AUDIT_TRAIL'; PARTITION_ TABLESPACE HIGH_VALUE ---------- ---------- ------------------------------- P0 USERS TIMESTAMP' 2007-09-22 00:00:00'

62. Partitioning ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> insert into audit_trail values ( add_months(sysdate,12), 'x' ); 1 row created. ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select partition_name, tablespace_name, high_value 2 from user_tab_partitions 3 where table_name = 'AUDIT_TRAIL'; PARTITION_ TABLESPACE HIGH_VALUE ---------- ---------- ------------------------------- P0 USERS TIMESTAMP' 2007-09-22 00:00:00' SYS_P180 EXAMPLE TIMESTAMP' 2008-11-10 00:00:00'

63. Partitioning ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> insert into audit_trail values ( add_months(sysdate,6), 'x' ); 1 row created. ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select partition_name, tablespace_name, high_value 2 from user_tab_partitions 3 where table_name = 'AUDIT_TRAIL'; PARTITION_ TABLESPACE HIGH_VALUE ---------- ---------- ------------------------------- P0 USERS TIMESTAMP' 2007-09-22 00:00:00' SYS_P181 EXAMPLE TIMESTAMP' 2008-05-10 00:00:00' SYS_P180 EXAMPLE TIMESTAMP' 2008-11-10 00:00:00'

64. #8 The long awaited pivot

65. Pivot ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select deptno, 2 sum( decode( job, 'CLERK', sal ) ) clerk, 3 sum( decode( job, 'SALESMAN', sal ) ) salesman, 4 sum( decode( job, 'MANAGER', sal ) ) manager, 5 sum( decode( job, 'ANALYST', sal ) ) analyst, 6 sum( decode( job, 'PRESIDENT', sal ) ) president 7 from emp 8 group by deptno 9 order by deptno 10 / DEPTNO CLERK SALESMAN MANAGER ANALYST PRESIDENT ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 10 1300 2450 5000 20 1900 2975 6000 30 950 5600 2850

66. Pivot ops$tkyte%ORA11GR1> select * 2 from (select deptno, job, sal 3 from emp ) e 4 pivot ( sum(sal) for job in 5 ( 'CLERK', 'SALESMAN', 'MANAGER', 6 'ANALYST', 'PRESIDENT' ) ) 7 order by deptno 8 / DEPTNO 'CLERK' 'SALESMAN' 'MANAGER' 'ANALYST' 'PRESIDENT' ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------- 10 1300 2450 5000 20 1900 2975 6000 30 950 5600 2850

67. #9 Flashback Data Archive

69. #10 Finer Grained Dependency Tracking

71. Finer Grained Dependency Tracking ops$tkyte%ORA10GR2> create or replace package p1 2 as 3 function f return number; 4 end; 5 / Package created. ops$tkyte%ORA10GR2> create or replace package p2 2 as 3 g_global number := p1.f; 4 end; 5 / Package created.

72. Finer Grained Dependency Tracking ops$tkyte%ORA10GR2> select object_name, status 2 from user_objects 3 where object_name like 'P_'; OBJECT_NAME STATUS ------------------------------ ------- P1 VALID P2 VALID

73. Finer Grained Dependency Tracking ops$tkyte%ORA 10GR2 > create or replace package p1 2 as 3 function f return number; 4 procedure p; 5 end; 6 / Package created. ops$tkyte%ORA 10GR2 > select object_name, status 2 from user_objects 3 where object_name like 'P_'; OBJECT_NAME STATUS ------------------------------ ------- P1 VALID P2 INVALID

74. Finer Grained Dependency Tracking ops$tkyte%ORA 11GR1 > create or replace package p1 2 as 3 function f return number; 4 procedure p; 5 end; 6 / Package created. ops$tkyte%ORA 11GR1 > select object_name, status 2 from user_objects 3 where object_name like 'P_'; OBJECT_NAME STATUS ------------------------------ ------- P1 VALID P2 VALID

75. Finer Grained Dependency Tracking ops$tkyte%ORA10GR2> create table t ( x int, y int ); Table created. ops$tkyte%ORA10GR2> create or replace procedure p 2 as 3 begin 4 for x in ( select x, y from t ) 5 loop 6 null; 7 end loop; 8 end; 9 / Procedure created. ops$tkyte%ORA10GR2> select status from user_objects where object_name = 'P'; STATUS ------- VALID

76. Finer Grained Dependency Tracking ops$tkyte%ORA10GR2> alter table t add z int; Table altered. ops$tkyte% ORA10GR2 > select status from user_objects where object_name = 'P'; STATUS ------- INVALID ops$tkyte% ORA11GR1 > select status from user_objects where object_name = 'P'; STATUS ------- VALID

77. Finer Grained Dependency Tracking ops$tkyte%ORA10GR2> alter procedure p compile; Procedure altered. ops$tkyte%ORA10GR2> alter table t drop column z; Table altered. ops$tkyte% ORA10GR2 > select status from user_objects where object_name = 'P'; STATUS ------- INVALID ops$tkyte% ORA11GR1 > select status from user_objects where object_name = 'P'; STATUS ------- VALID

78. #11 OLTP Table Compression

80. <Insert Picture Here> A Q &