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Liquefaction 
BY: NAM PHAN
Earthquakes 
 Hazardous 
 Difficult to predict 
immediately 
 Damages properties 
 Violent Vibrations 
Source: http://www.thedailysheeple.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/gitn_1090_NGS-New- 
Madrid.png
How it occurs 
Source: http://www.showme.net/~fkeller/quake/images/diagramliquefaction.gif
Great Hanshin Earthquake 
 Japan, 1995 
 Magnitude 6.9 
 Damages to Bridges 
http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/ 
photos/000/000/cache/asphalt-crack_ 
4_600x450.jpg
Sinking and Toppling Structures 
 Sidewalk is sinking 
 Buildings topple over
Prevention Method 
 Don’t Build on vulnerable lands 
 Old swamps and marshes 
 Easiest and most cost effective 
method 
http://twistedsifter.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/happ 
y-house.jpg
Soil Treatment 
 Vibroflotation 
 Dig hole 
 Strong Vibrating Probe 
 Increases soil density by removing 
empty space 
 Vibro-Replacement 
 Fill the hole dug with grave 
 Further increases density 
http://www.ce.washington.edu/~liquefaction/html/how/haywardpic/webvr.gif
Resistant Structures 
 Foundation Mat 
 Uniform movement 
 Ductile Utility lines 
 Easier for new projects 
than for improving old 
structures 
http://www.ce.washington.edu/~liquefaction/html/h 
ow/structures/strongmat.gif

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  • 2. Earthquakes  Hazardous  Difficult to predict immediately  Damages properties  Violent Vibrations Source: http://www.thedailysheeple.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/gitn_1090_NGS-New- Madrid.png
  • 3. How it occurs Source: http://www.showme.net/~fkeller/quake/images/diagramliquefaction.gif
  • 4. Great Hanshin Earthquake  Japan, 1995  Magnitude 6.9  Damages to Bridges http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/ photos/000/000/cache/asphalt-crack_ 4_600x450.jpg
  • 5. Sinking and Toppling Structures  Sidewalk is sinking  Buildings topple over
  • 6. Prevention Method  Don’t Build on vulnerable lands  Old swamps and marshes  Easiest and most cost effective method http://twistedsifter.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/happ y-house.jpg
  • 7. Soil Treatment  Vibroflotation  Dig hole  Strong Vibrating Probe  Increases soil density by removing empty space  Vibro-Replacement  Fill the hole dug with grave  Further increases density http://www.ce.washington.edu/~liquefaction/html/how/haywardpic/webvr.gif
  • 8. Resistant Structures  Foundation Mat  Uniform movement  Ductile Utility lines  Easier for new projects than for improving old structures http://www.ce.washington.edu/~liquefaction/html/h ow/structures/strongmat.gif