The document discusses C programming concepts including preprocessor directives, global declarations, main functions, comments, input/output functions, and interactive programs. It provides examples of #include, #define, printf, scanf, putchar, gets and explains what each does. Interactive programs allow the user to provide input which is then processed and output is displayed, allowing repeated interaction through input and output functions.

1. F F

2. F
F
F
F F F
Interactive
2

3. F
Preprocessor
Directives
Global Declarations
void main(void) {
Local Declarations
Statements
}
3

4. Preprocessor Directives
F
file F F
F (Header File)
F Directive #
4

5. Preprocessor Directives
Directive F
#include Include text from file
#define Define a macro
#undef Undefine a macro
#if Test if a compile-time condition hold
#ifdef Test if a symbol is defined
#ifndef Test if a symbol is not defined
#else Indicate alternatives if a test fails
#elif Combination of #if and #else
#endif End a preprocessor conditional
#line Give a line number for compiler message
#error Terminate processing early
#pragma Implementation dependent directive
5

6. #include
F F Compiler F F F Compile
F
#include FILE NAME
F
#include stdio.h F F stdio.h
#include conio.h F F conio.h
6

7. #define
F F F
#define NAME VALUE
F
#define PI 3.14 F PI F 3.14
#define X 3.14*2 F X F 3.14*2
7

8. Global Declarations
F F
F F F
F F F
F F F
8

9. Main () function F F
F
main()
F F F ;
F F main() F { F }
9

10. F (Program Comment)
F F
// comment 1
/* comment 1 */
/* comment F 1
.*/
10

11. F
F
F
F F F
Interactive
11

12. #include stdio.h
void main() {
.;
.;
}
12

13. #include stdio.h
void main() {
printf( Hello World );
// F F Hello World
} Hello World
13

14. #include stdio.h
void main() {
printf( Hellon );
printf( World );
} Hello
World
14

15. #include stdio.h
void main() {
printf( Hellon );
printf( Worldn );
} Hello
World

15

16. F
F
F
F F F
Interactive
16

17. #include stdio.h PI
3.14
#define PI 3.14 r area
void main() { 20.00 0.0
float r = 20.00, circum = 0.0; 125.6
circum = 2 * PI * r;
printf( Circumference is %f Radius is
%fn , circum,r); }
17

18. F
F
F
F F F
Interactive
18

19. F F
keyboard
scanf(...)
monitor
printf(...)
Memory
19

20. F F F
F F
printf()
putchar()
puts()
20

21. F F F
F F F
scanf()
getchar()
getch()
getche()
gets()
21

22. F F F
F F
printf()
putchar()
puts()
22

23. F printf
F F F F
F #include stdio.h
printf(“Control String”,arg1,arg2,arg3,..);
printf(“Control String”);
23

24. printf(“%dn%d”,a,b);
%dn%d a,b
Memory a 22 b 30
22
22 -> 30 . 30
Output Stream
24

25. F printf : F
printf( Computer Programming 1 );
printf( ComputernProgramming 1 );
printf( Result is %f ,area);
printf( Result isn%f ,area);
25

26. F printf : F
F 10 + 3 F
START X
(1. F 10 + 3 X)
1. X = 10 +3
X = 10 + 3 (2. F X )
2. PRINT 10 + 3
PRINT X
PRINT X
END
26

27. F printf :
F
n F
t F 6
r cursor F F
f F 1 F
b cursor 1 F F
a F
F
F
27

28. F printf : F
F
%d F F
%ld F F long int
%u F F F
%f F F float
%lf F F double
%Lf F F long double
%e F F
%c F F (char)
%s F F (string) F
%% F F %
%o F F
%x F F
%p F F address pointer
28

29. F printf : F
int j=45, k = -123; printf(“Hellon”);
float x = 12.34 printf(“Tax is 10%%n”);
char c = ‘A’; printf(“%dn”,j);
char *m = “Hello”;
char mm[6] = “Hello” ;
printf(“%dn”,k);
printf(“%fn”,x);
printf(“%6.2fn”,x);
printf(“%cn”,c);
printf(“%dn”,c);
29

30. F printf : F
int j=45, k = -123;
printf(“%dn”,c+1);
float x = 12.34 printf(“%cn”,c+1);
char c = ‘A’; printf(“%sn”,m);
char *m = “Hello”; printf(“%sn”,mm);
char mm[6] = “Hello” ;
printf(“%en”,x);
printf(“%En”,x);
30

31. F printf : F
31

32. F printf : F
F %d %4d
12 12 12
123 123 123
1234 1234 1234
12345 12345 12345
32

33. #include stdio.h #include stdio.h
void main() { void main() {
printf( Yesn ); printf( Yesn );
printf( Non ); printf( n );
} printf( Non );
}
33

34. #include stdio.h #include stdio.h
void main() { void main() {
printf( Yes ); printf( YesnNo );
printf( No ); }
}
34

35. #include < stdio.h >
void main ( ) {
// number F
int number;
// F 8 F number
number = 8;
printf ( The value of number is %d . , number);
}
The value of number is 8 .
35

36. #include stdio.h Circumference is 125.6

#define PI 3.14
void main() {
float r = 20.00, circum = 0.0;
circum = 2 * PI * r;
printf( Circumference is %.1fn , circum);
}
36

37. #include stdio.h
#define PI 3.14
void main ( ) {
float r, area;
printf ( This program computes the area of a circlen );
r = 12.5; /* F F 12.5 */
area = PI * r * r; /* = ¶ r2 */
printf ( Area = Pi x radius x radiusn );
printf ( = %.2f x %.2f x %.2fn , PI, r, r);
printf ( = %fn , area);
This program computes the area of a circle
Area = Pi x radius x radius
= 3.14 x 12.50 x 12.50
= 490.873444

37

38. #include < stdio.h >
#define SIXTY 60 /* SIXTY F F F */
void main ( ) {
float hour; // hour F F
int minute, second; // 2 F
hour = 1.5; // F 1.5 F hour
// F hour F 60 F F F minute
minute = hour * SIXTY;
// F minute F 60 F F F second
second = minute * SIXTY;
printf ( In one period : n %.2f hoursn , hour);
printf ( %d minutesn%d seconds , minute, second);
} In one period :
1.50 hours
90 minutes
5400 seconds 38

39. F F F
F F
printf()
putchar()
puts()
39

40. F putchar
F 1
F #include stdio.h
putchar(variable);
40

41. F putchar : F
#include “stdio.h”
void main ( ) {
char s;
s = ‘A’;
putchar(s);
}
A
41

42. F F F
F F
printf()
putchar()
puts()
42

43. F puts
F
F F F
F 1
variable F F F
F F1
puts(variable);
43

44. F puts : F
#include “stdio.h”
#include<string.h>
void main ( ) {
char str[30];
str = “C Programming”;
strcpy(str,”C programming”);
puts(str);
printf(“nOutput = %sn”,str);
}
C Programming
Output = C Programming

44

45. F F F
F F F
scanf()
getchar()
getch(), getche()
gets()
45

46. F scanf
F F F F F
Enter F F
F F F
F include stdio.h
scanf(“Control String”,&arg1,&arg2,&arg3,..);
46

47. scanf(“%d%f”,&a,&b);
%d%f a,b
22 30 . a 22 b 30
Input Stream
int a;
float b;
scanf( %d%f ,&a,&b);
47

48. F Scanf : F
int num;
scanf( %d ,&num);
printf( the value in num variable is %d ,num);
char str[80];
printf( Enter a string : );
scanf( %s ,str);
printf( Here s your string : %s , str);
48

49. #include < stdio.h >
void main ( ) {
int years;
printf ( How long have you been here? );
scanf ( %d , &years);
printf ( You ve been here for %d years. , years);
printf ( tReally? );
}
How long have you been here? 20
You’ve been here for 20 years. Really?
49

50. F F F
F F F
scanf()
getchar()
getch() ,getche()
gets()
50

51. F getchar
F F F F
1 F
F
1 Enter
F F F
F
ch = getchar();
51

52. F getchar : F
#include “stdio.h”
void main ( ) {
char ch;
ch = getchar();
printf(“The Character you typed is %cn”, ch);
}
d
The Character you typed is d
52

53. F F F
F F F
scanf()
getchar()
getch(),getche()
gets()
53

54. F getch(),getche()
F F 1 F
F F F F Enter
ch = getch();
F F 1
F F F F Enter
ch = getche();
F #include<conio.h>
54

55. F getch : F
#include “stdio.h”
#include “conio.h”
void main ( ) {
char ch;
ch = getch();
printf(“The Character you typed is %cn”, ch);
}
The Character you typed is d
55

56. F F F
F F F
scanf()
getchar()
getch()
gets()
56

57. F gets
F F F F
F
F
F Enter F
F F F F F F
F
gets(variable);
57

58. F gets : F
#include “stdio.h”
void main ( ) {
char str[51];
gets(str);
printf(“The Message you typed is %sn”, str);
}
test
The Message you typed is test
58

59. F
F
F
F F F
Interactive
59

60. Interactive
F
F F F F
F
F F F
F
F F F F
F
F F F F
F
60