This thesis examines the use of modulation and transposition procedures in the English subtitles of the Sang Pencerah movie titled The Enlightened One. The author analyzes 31 examples of modulation and 34 examples of transposition found in the subtitles. Most examples of modulation used abstract for concrete, while most transpositions used class shift. Transposition was the most frequently applied procedure. In terms of accuracy and clarity, transposition scored highest, with 12 accurate and 11 clear examples out of 25 analyzed. The thesis provides a descriptive analysis of the types of modulation and transposition used and evaluates the accuracy and clarity of the translated text.

1. A Comparative Analysis of Modulation and Transposition
in Sang Pencerah Movie and Its English Subtitles
The Enlightened One
(A Thesis)
By
Mughniy Anggun Kesuma
08111205
SUBMITTED AS PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE SARJANA DEGREE AT THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF
HIGHER SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEKNOKRAT
BANDAR LAMPUNG
2013

2. DECLARATION OF FREE PLAGIARISM
I hereby declare that this thesis is my own, except for quotations and summaries
which have been duly acknowledged.
Date: February 8th
, 2013 (Mughniy Anggun Kesuma)

3. Approval Page
Title : A Comparative Analysis of Modulation and
Transposition in Sang Pencerah Movie and Its
English Subtitles The Enlightened One.
Name : Mughniy Anggun Kesuma
Student Number : 08111205
Department : English
Program : English Literature
School/Institution : Higher School of Foreign Language Teknokrat
Approved by
Advisor Committee
Head of S1 English Department, Advisor,
Budiawan, S.S., M.Hum. Gede Eka Putrawan, S.S., M.Hum.
NIK 023 03 00 03

4. Accepted and Validated by
The Board of Examiners
S1 English Department
Higher School of Foreign Language Teknokrat
On February 8th
, 2013
Board of Examiner
Chairman : Gede Eka Putrawan, S.S., M.Hum. ( )
Examiner : Budiawan, S.S., M.Hum. ( )
NIDN : 02 1902 8101
CHAIRMAN OF STBA TEKNOKRAT,
Dr. H.M. Nasrullah Yusuf, S.E., M.B.A.
NIK 021 00 00 01

5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirabbilalamiin,
Praise to Allah SWT, most Merciful, most Beneficent, the Lord of universe,
finally I could accomplish this thesis, Shalawat and Salam, praise to Rasulullah
SAW, the Messenger, and the One who brings human life to enlightenment. This
thesis is arranged as one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree at Higher
School of Foreign Language Teknokrat. The accomplishment of this thesis could
not be achieved without the contribution of some great persons. Therefore, in this
opportunity, I would like to deliver my sincere gratitude to:
1. Dr. H.M. Nasrullah Yusuf, S.E., M.B.A., as The Chairman of Higher
School of Foreign Language Tenokrat.
2. Hj. Hernaini, S.S., as The Vice Chairman I of Higher School of Foreign
Language Teknokrat, thanks for approving my thesis.
3. Budiawan, S.S., M.Hum. as the Head of English Literature Department of
Higher School of Foreign Language Teknokrat as well as my examiner,
thanks for giving advantageous suggestion and approving my thesis.
4. Gede Eka Putrawan, S.S., M.Hum., as my advisor, thanks for your
contribution in enlightening and elevating my thought toward translation
studies, giving the beneficial suggestions, and patience in guiding me to
accomplish this thesis.
5. Elza Maisinur, S.S., M.Hum., as the informant, thanks for your
cooperation, support, and brilliant idea toward translation studies shared
with me during the completion of this thesis.

6. 6. Ingatan Gulo, S.S., thanks for your help in forming the idea at the very
beginning of my thesis.
7. Zachary Ethan Adam Tuner, Andyka Putra S.S., thanks for your help and
cooperation as the informants of this thesis.
8. All lectures and staffs of Higher School of Foreign Language Teknokrat,
thanks for the hospitality.
9. Budi Eko Pranoto, S.S. and Erawati Takim, thanks for your help and
cooperation as the informants of this thesis. Fani Fajaryanto Suhardi, S.S.,
Mutia Sari, Kadek Jessica Oglivy, S.S., Eko Triani Pakpahan, S.S., Indah
Guretno, S.S., Wiwit Sartika, S.S., Yulia Tri Eviantika, S.S., thanks for
your support, share, and help during the arrangement of this thesis.
10. My parents, Nazaruddin Ch.Rajo, R.A. Siti Aisyah. Brothers, Hendry
Dewangsa, S.I.P., Anasrullah Dewangsa, S.Sos. , Napoleon Dewangsa,
S.Si.T, M.T., Hendra Hertawan and sisters, Vinda Oktavia, S.Pt., Ni
Wayan Ratna Kadarini, S.E., Khadijah Inriani Kesuma, Dina Puspasari,
S.E., thank you for your trust, and all of your support spiritually.
Bandar Lampung, February 8th
, 2013.
Writer,
Mughniy Anggun Kesuma.

7. Motto
Do not wait for any permission to pursue your
dreams. Get up, stand straight, walk tall –
Take action! It is your life. Make it great!
Mario Teguh (2012).

8. Dedication
This written thought, spilled in the hard form of
thesis, dedicates for my parents, brothers, sisters,
and those who have supported me during the
completion. May God bless you all as always.
“Amen”.

9. ABSTRACT
A Comparative Analysis of Modulation and Transposition
In Sang Pencerah Movie and Its English Subtitles The Enlightened One
By
Mughniy Anggun Kesuma
08111205
This research apparently draws the form of the translated text which is occurred
by using the procedures in translation. In this research, the writer deals with the
procedure of modulation and transposition in Sang Pencerah movie and its
English subtitles The Enlightened One. The writer only focuses on analyzing and
describing the form of changing which is caused by modulation and transposition.
As well as the procedures analyzed the accuracy and clarity occurred from the
effect of those two procedures are measured and analyzed in order to have a sight
of a quality in translated text.
The phenomena of modulation and transposition procedures were classified based
on Catford, Chuquet and Paillard as the experts who supported the notion in detail
about modulation and transposition procedures proposed by Vinay and Dalbernet.
This research applied descriptive qualitative method. Sampling technique used
was purposive sampling and the sample criteria were The Enlightened One in
chapter 13-14 as the English subtitles of Sang Pencerah movie which were
influenced by modulation and transposition procedures. This research shows
result as follows: First, Most of data in English subtitles or 7 (23%) data from 31
modulations apply abstract for concrete modulation as the type used. Second,
most of data in English subtitles or 11 (32%) data from 34 transpositions or
shifting apply class shift as the type used. Third, the most frequently applied
procedure in English subtitles of Sang Pencerah movie is transposition with 34
(52%) occurrences procedure. Fourth, the most accurate and the clearest
procedure is transposition with 12 (48%) data indicated as accurate and 11 (44%)
data indicated as clear from 25 data-gained.
Key words: Translation, Comparative, Modulation and Transposition.

10. Abbreviation and Information
H = Head
M = Modifier
SL = Source language
TL = Target Language
SP = Sang Pencerah
TEO = The Enlightened One

11. TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
DECLARATION OF FREE PLAGIARISM ...................................................... i
APPROVAL PAGE .............................................................................................. ii
VALIDATION PAGE.......................................................................................... iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT................................................................................... iv
MOTTO ................................................................................................................ vi
DEDICATION..................................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT........................................................................................................ viii
ABBREVIATION AND INFORMATION...................................................... viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS..................................................................................... ix
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study....................................................................................1
1.2 Formulation of the Problem ...............................................................................5
1.3 Objective of the Study .......................................................................................5
1.4 Scope of the Study ............................................................................................ 6
1.5 Uses of the Study .............................................................................................. 6
1.5.1 Theoretical Use .........................................................................................7
1.5.2 Practical Use..............................................................................................7
CHAPTER TWO THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Concept of Translation.......................................................................................8

12. 2.2 Translation Procedure ........................................................................................9
2.2.1 Borrowing.................................................................................................10
2.2.2 Calque.......................................................................................................11
2.2.3 Literal Translation ....................................................................................11
2.2.4 Modulation ...............................................................................................12
2.2.4.1 Grammatical Modulation ...............................................................13
2.2.4.2 Lexical Modulation.........................................................................15
2.2.5 Transposition.............................................................................................19
2.2.5.1 Level Shift .......................................................................................20
2.2.5.2 Category Shift ..................................................................................20
2.2.6 Equivalence ..............................................................................................23
2.2.7 Adaptation.................................................................................................23
2.3 Comparative Study...........................................................................................24
2.4 Concept of Accuracy........................................................................................25
2.5 Concept of Clarity............................................................................................26
2.6 Subtitles............................................................................................................28
2.7 Previous Study .................................................................................................28
CHAPTER THREE METHOD OF RESEARCH
3.1 Research Design ..............................................................................................32
3.2 Data and Data Source.......................................................................................33
3.3 Data Collection Technique ..............................................................................33
3.4 Data Analyzing technique ...............................................................................34

13. CHAPTER FOUR ANALYSIS
4.1 Types of Modulation Procedure.......................................................................37
4.1.1 Active for Passive and Vice Versa............................................................37
4.1.2 Syntactical Modulation .............................................................................37
4.1.3 Abstract for Concrete ................................................................................38
4.1.4 The Expression Stated in SL being Explained in TL................................38
4.1.5 The Changing of Proverb or Word Because of Cultural Differentiation
...................................................................................................................39
4.1.6 Cause for Effect and Vice Versa...............................................................39
4.1.7 Part for The Whole....................................................................................40
4.2 Types of Transposition Procedure ..................................................................40
4.2.1 Level Shift.................................................................................................40
4.2.2 Category Shift ...........................................................................................41
4.2.2.1 Structural Shift ................................................................................41
4.2.2.2 Class Shift ........................................................................................42
4.2.2.3 Unit Shift or Rank Shift ...................................................................43
4.2.2.4 Intra-System Shift ............................................................................44
4.3 An Analysis of Accuracy and Clarity in Sang Pencerah English Subtitles The
Enlightened One..............................................................................................44
4.3.1 An Analysis of Accuracy ...........................................................................45
4.3.1.1 The Data for Scale Three .....................................................................45
4.3.1.2 The Data for Scale Two .......................................................................46
4.3.1.3 The Data for Scale One........................................................................46
4.3.2 An Analysis of Clarity ...............................................................................47

14. 4.3.2.1 The Data for Scale Three ......................................................................47
4.3.2.2 The Data for Scale Two ........................................................................48
4.3.2.3 The Data for Scale One.........................................................................48
4.4 The Most Frequently Applied Procedure.........................................................49
4.5 The Accuracy and Clarity between Modulation and Transposition.................50
CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
APPENDICES