The document summarizes key aspects of the French regime in New France from 1600-1763. It describes the establishment of Quebec in 1608, the introduction of a royal government in 1663, and the growth of the population from 3000 in the 1660s to 75,000 by the 1760s, driven by a high birth rate and low mortality rate. The system of governance established absolutism with the King at the top of a strict hierarchy and inequality. It also established three governing districts and a judicial system based on French law.

1. 03-Institutional and
Political Aspects of the
French Regime
HIST 124: Canada in the World
28 September 2010
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2. French Regime
• 1600-1763
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3. 1608, Québec
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4. Champlain and Montagnais vs. Mohawks, 1610
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5. Slow start
• 1600-1663
• 1663-1763
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6. Royal Government
• 1663-1763
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7. New France, 1683
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8. 1697
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9. Absolutism
• Power held absolutely by sovereign
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10. Absolute Inequality
• Hierarchy
• Ancien Régime
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11. King
Bishop
Secreteray of State
for the Marine (1669)
Governor Intendant
Conseil souverain
(7 councillors
after 1674)
Royal Government 1663
France
New France
Virtual handout
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12. Three Gouvernements
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13. Conseil du Roi
(In France)
Indentant
Conseil souverain
Royal courts (courts of first instance)
@Montréal, Trois-Rivières & Québec
Seigneurial Courts
Judicial System
Under Royal Government
All courts apply Coutume de Paris Virtual handout
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14. Criminal activity
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15. Carignan-Sallières officers
and soldiers
Filles du Roy
Engagés
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16. Decade Population
1660s 3000
1680s 10000
1760s 75000
Demography
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17. Population Growth
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18. High Birth Rate / Low
Mortality
• More births than deaths, yearly
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