This document provides information on landscape plant materials categorized by type, environmental requirements, and design considerations. It includes: - Plant material categories of evergreen/deciduous trees, shrubs, ground covers, vines, and annuals. - The matrix for considering soil conditions, seasonal interest, scale/layering, and design elements. - Lists of plant species categorized by trees, shrubs, with details on size and environmental tolerances.

1. 014-7REVIEW Landscape Plant Materials

2. Clemson University PresentsCertificate of Accomplishment inLandscape and Garden Design

3. Sponsored by Clemson’sDepartment of Planning and Landscape Architecture in the College of Art, Architecture and Humanities

4. Plant Material CategoriesApply a 2x4 to your garden analysis!2 types of environmental habits : EVERGREEN & DECIDUOUS4 types of categories based on size: TREES, SHRUBS, GROUND COVERS & VINES and ANNUALS

5. The Matrix

6. The Matrix Soil Conditions : rocky, clayey, bog, siltSeasonal interest: spring, summer, fall, winterScale and layering : taller plants vs smaller in tiered effectDesign considerations: art elements, design principles, problem solving

7. The Matrix: Soil Conditions-1Do a site analysis:: rocky, clayey, bog, silt…jar test, percolationWhat plants are already growing in this environment?3. Do you know the pH of the soil? Fizz test baking soda (5.0)vs vinegar (7.5)4. Improve soil before planting: compost, loosening,dbl dig,

8. The Matrix: Seasonal interest: spring, summer, fall, winter-2What do you have growing in the garden for each season (apply the 2x4 principle )Make a list of additional plants you’d like to use…don’t limit yourself by space just yet!

9. The Matrix: Scale and layering : taller plants vs smaller in tiered effect-3Notice the difference in size between a ground cover and a large shrub.A tiered look makes beds look full and gives a more natural 3-d appearance to a garden

12. Large tree

13. Medium sized tree

14. Accent Tree

15. Small Tree/Large Shrub

16. Small Shrub

17. Small shrub mass

18. Tall Perennial spacing

19. Floral Color & Ground CoverUse 1/2” scale to draw detailed planting arrangements

20. Tree Forms

21. Vase

22. The Matrix-4 Design considerations: art elements, design principles, problem solving

23. Defining Beauty

24. Art ElementsLineColor Form Texture

25. Line offers Movement

26. Color produces Emotion

27. Form reveals Shapes

28. Texture animates Surfaces

29. Design Principles

30. Focalization

31. Rhythm & Repetition

32. American Holly Ilex opaca ez 5Southern magnolia Magnolia grandiflora ez 7Tulip magnolia Magnolia soulangiana ‘Jane’ dz 5 Magnolia stellata Star Magnolia dz 5Bradford Pear Pyrus Bradfordi dz 5Weeping Higan Cherry Prunus subhirtella ‘pendula’ dz5Trees -1

33. Fraser Fir Abies fraseri dt5Weeping Beech Fagus sylvatica ‘pendula’dt5Norway Spruce Picea abies et5White Pine Pinus strobus et5Hemlock Tsuga canadensis et5Large-leaved Magnolia Magnolia fraseri dt5Trees -2

34. Prunus serrulata Japanese flowering Cherry dt5Prunus yedoensis Yoshino Cherry dt5Prunus kwansan Kwansan Cherry dt5Prunus subhirtella autumnalis Autumn Cherry dt5Prunus serrulata weeping cherry dt5Malus floribunda Zumi Crab dt5Cercis canadensis redbud dt5Acer palmatum Japanese maple green dt5Acer palmatum dissectum Jap maple dt5Acer palmatum rubrum Red Japmaple dt5Trees -3

35. Cercis canadensis alba White Flowering Redbud dt5Malus angustifolia Southern Crabapple dt6Fagus sylvatica Beech dt5Gingko biloba Gingko dt5Juniperus virginiana et5 Eastern red cedarCryptomeria japonica et5 CryptomeriaTrees-4

36. Cornus florida Flowering Dogwood dt5 Cornus florida rubra Pink Dogwood dt Cornus kousa Kousa Dogwood dt5 Photinia serrulata Photinia et6 Acer Rubra Red Maple dt5 Acer saccharum sp Southern Sugar Maple dt6 Acer saccharum N. Sugar Maple dt5 Quercus falcata Southern Red Oak dt5 Quercus phellos Willow Oak dt5Trees-5

37. Halesia carolinia Silver Bell dt 5Lagerstroemia indica Crepe myrtle dt6/7Ulmus parviflora Chinese Elm dt6Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip poplar dt5Trees-6:

38. Fraser FirAbies fraseri

39. Acer palmatum Japanese maple green dt5

40. Japanese maple Acer palmatum dissectum dt5

41. Japanese maple Acer palmatum rubrum dt5

42. Acer rubrum Red maple dt5

43. Acer saccharum sp. Southern Sugar maple dt5

44. Acer saccharum Northern Sugar maple dt5

45. Cercis canadensis redbud dt5

46. Cercis canadensis alba dt5

47. Cornus florida album White Flowering Dogwood dt5

48. Cornus florida rubraPink Flowering Dogwood dt5

49. Cornus kousaKousa Dogwood dt5

50. Cryptomeria japonica Cryptomeriaet5

51. Fagus grandifoliaBeech dt5

52. Weeping BeechFagus sylvatica ‘pendula’Weeping Beech

53. Gingko bilobaGingko dt5

54. American Holly Ilex opaca ez5

55. Halesia carolinia Halesia

56. Juniperus virginiana Eastern red cedar dt5

57. Lagerstroemia indica Crepe myrtle dt6/7

58. Liriodendron tulipiferaTulip Poplar dt5

59. Southern magnolia Magnolia grandiflora ez7

60. Tulip magnoliaMagnolia soulangiana‘Jane’dz5

61. Jane Mag & QuinceMagnolia ‘Jane’Chaenomeles speciosa White Quince ‘Nivalis’

62. Magnolia stellata Star Magnolia dz5

63. Malus angustifolia

64. Malus angustifolia Southern crabapple dt5

65. Malus floribunda. Zumi Crab dt5

66. Norway Spruce Picea abiesNorway SPruce

67. White PinePinus strobus

68. Photinia serrulata et6/7

69. Weeping Higan Cherry Prunus subhirtella ‘pendula’ dz5

70. Prunus serrulata& yodensis Japanese flowering Cherry (Yoshino) dt5

71. Prunus kwansan Kwansan Cherry dt5

72. Prunus subhirtella autumnalis Autumn Cherry dt5

73. Prunus serrulata weeping cherry dt5

74. Bradford Pear Pyrus Bradfordi dz 4-5

75. Live Oak Quercus virginiana ez8

76. Quercus phellos Willow Oak dt5

77. Quercus falcata Red Oak dt5

78. hemlock Hemlock Tsuga canadensis

79. Chinese Elm Ulmus parviflora

80. Kingsville Dw boxwood Buxus microphylla ‘compacta’‘Kingsville’Japanese Boxwoodez5 Buxus microphylla ‘japonica’ ez5 American boxwood Buxus sempervirens ez5 Indica azalea Azalea indica ez7 Camellia Camellia japonica ‘Louisiana Peppermint’ ez7 Heavenly Bamboo Nandina domestica ez5 Michelia doltsopa ez6 Japanese andromeda Pieris japonica ez 5 ForsythiaForsythia intermedia z5Shrubs-1

81. Shrub CategoriesMountain laurel Kalmia latifoliaes5Catawba Rhododendron Rhododendron catawbiense es5PJM Azalea Rhododendron ‘PJM’es5Harbour Dwarf Nandina Nandina domestica ‘Harbour Dwarf’es5Shrubs -2

82. Shrub CategoriesMountain laurel Kalmia latifoliaes5Catawba Rhododendron Rhododendron catawbiense es5PJM Azalea Rhododendron ‘PJM’es5Harbour Dwarf Nandina Nandina domestica ‘Harbour Dwarf’es5Shrubs -2

83. Shrub Categories-3Illicium floridanum Florida anise es7Aucuba japonica Gold dust plant es7Michelia figo banana shrub es7 Eleagnus pungens Russian olive es6Corylopsis pauciflora Corylopsis es6 Euonymus alatus compacta Burning bush s5Juniperus horizontalis creeping juniper es5Stachyurus praecox es6 Edgworthia chrysantha ‘Goldrush’ds6Shrubs : Deciduous Accent Evergreen -3

84. Shrub Categories-4Fothergilla gardenii Fothergilla ds6 Neviusia alabamensis Neviusia ds6Aesculus pavia Red buckeye ds5Kerria japonica Kerria ds5 Spiraea prunifolia plena- Bridal wreath ds5 Spiraea cantonensis (reevesi) ds5 Spiraea thunbergii Baby’s Breath spiraea ds5 Spiraea x bumalda ‘Goldflame’ds5Shrubs-4 :

85. Shrub Categories-4Viburnam plicatum tomentosum ‘Shasta’ds5Viburnam opulus sterileds5 Viburnam ‘eskimo’V. carlcephalum’ Cayuga’ x V. utile ds5 Viburnam macrocephalum Chinese snowball ds5 Ribes aureum Golden currant ds6/7 Shrubs-4

86. Shrub Categories-5Viburnum x rhtytidophylloide’Alleghany’ds5 Viburnum ‘Eskimo’V.carlcephalum’ Cayuga’x V. utile ds5 Viburnum Leconte ? ds5 Viburnum erosum ds5 Viburnum ? ? ds5 Viburnum p.t‘SummerSnowflakes’ds5 Viburnum p.t.watanabei ds5 Viburnum which?? ds5 Viburnum what?? ds5 Shrubs-5

87. Shrub Categories-5Leucothoe fontanesiana es5 Leucothoe populifolia es6/7 Rhododendron canescens ds5 Rhododendron astrinum Flame Azalea ds5 Wisteria sinensis Chinese Wisteria Tree Form ds6 Citrus reticulata Kumquat es7/8 Podocarpus macrophyllus Podocarpus es 7Shrubs-5

88. Shrub Categories-6Azalea indica ‘GGGerbing’‘George Tabor’‘Formosa’ Azalea indica x satsuki Azalea ‘Janet Rhea”Azalea ‘Anna Kehr’ Azalea Girard’s Crimson Azalea ‘Pink Ruffles’ R. Rhododendron x ‘Aglo’ R. fujiasahi, R. ‘Michele Smith’ Koromo Shikibu R. ‘Ramapo’ R. augustini album & roseumShrubs-6 : Deciduous Accent Evergreen

89. Aesculus paviaRed buckeye ds5

90. Aucuba japonica Gold dust plant es6

91. Indica azalea Azalea indica ez7

92. Azalea indica

93. Azalea indica ‘GGGerbing’

94. Azalea indica ‘George Tabor’

95. Azalea indica ‘Formosa’

96. Azalea indica x satsuki

97. Azalea ‘Pink Ruffles’

98. Azalea ‘Anna Kehr’

99. Azalea ‘Janet Rhea”

100. Azalea Girard’s Crimson

101. American boxwood Buxus sempervirens ez5

102. Buxus microphylla ‘Kingsville’ ez5 Buxus microphylla ‘japonica’ ez5

103. Camellia Camellia japonica ‘Louisiana Peppermint’ez7

104. Citrus reticulata Kumquat es7

105. Corylopsis pauciflora Corylopsis es6

106. Japanese andromeda Pieris japonica ez5

107. Forsythia Forsythia intermedia ez5

108. Rhod Catawba RhododendronRhododendron catawbiensees5

109. Rhod Native Carolina RhododendronRhododendron arborense

110. PJM Azalea Rhododendron ‘PJM’es5

111. Edgworthia chrysantha ‘Goldrush’ds6

112. Eleagnus pungens Russian olive es6

113. Fatsia japonicaes7

114. Fothergilla gardenii ds6

115. Illicium floridanum Florida anise es6

116. Juniperus horizontalis creeping juniper es5

117. Mountain laurel Kalmia latifolia

118. Kerria japonica Kerria ds6

119. Euonymus alata compactaBurning Bush v5

120. Leucothoe fontanesiana ds5

121. Leucothoe populifolia ds6/7

122. Michelia doltsopa ez6

123. Michelia figo banana shrub es7

124. Heavenly Bamboo Nandina domestica ez5

125. Dwarf nandinaHarbour Dwarf Nandina Nandina domestica ‘Harbour Dwarf’Nandina domestica

126. Neviusia alabamensis ds6

127. Podocarpus macrophyllus Podocarpus es6/7

128. Ribes aureum Golden currant ds6/7

129. Rhododendron austrinum Flame azalea ds5

130. Rhododendron austrinum Flame azalea ds5

131. Rhododendron canescens ds5

132. R. Koromo Shikibu

133. Rhododendron x ‘Aglo’

134. R. fujiasahi

135. R. ‘Michele Smith’

136. R. ‘Ramapo’

137. R. augustini album

138. R. Augustini rosea

139. Spiraea prunifolia plena Bridal wreathds5s.cantonensis(reevesii)

140. Spiraea cantonensis (reevesii) ds5

141. Spiraea thunbergii Baby’s Breath spiraea ds5

142. Spiraea x bumalda ‘Goldflame’ds5

143. Stachyurus praecox es6

144. Viburnam leconte ds5

145. Viburnam‘eskimo’V. carlcephalum’ Cayuga’ x V. utile ds5

146. Viburnam‘eskimo’V. carlcephalum’ Cayuga’ x V. utile ds5

147. Viburnam plicatum f. tomentosum ‘Shasta’ds5

148. Viburnam macrocephalum Chinese snowball ds5

149. Viburnum ‘Allegahany’viburnum x rhytidophylloideds5

150. Viburnum erosum ds5

151. Viburnum ?? ds5

152. Viburnum p.t.’Summer Snowflakes’ds5

153. Viburnum p.t. watanabei ds5

154. Viburnum whiche? ds5

155. Viburnum what? ds5

156. Wisteria sinensis Chinese Wisteria ds6

157. Georgia Blue Veronica Veronica procumbens ‘Georgia Blue’ ez5 Thrift Phlox subulata dz5 Belinda Rose Rosa ‘Belinda’ dz6 Madison Flowering Jasmine Trachelospermum floridanum ez7‘Madison’Yellow jessamine Gelsemium sempervirens ez6 Akebia five-leaf Akebia quinata dz5 White Banksia Rose Rosa banksia dz6Ground Covers & Vines-1

158. Periwinkle Vinca minor gc5Moss gc5Galanthus nivalis Snowdrops egc5Iberis sempervirens Candytuft egc5Lotus Lotus berthelotii egc5Scotch Broom egc5Thyme egc5Dianthus egc5Ground Covers & Vines -2

159. Cotoneaster spp. Cotoneaster egc5Clematis spp. Clematis dv5Brunnera spp. variegata dgc5Astilbe spp. dgc5Rosa chinensis mutabilis Butterfly Rose v7Rosa banksia Lady Banks Rose v7Rosa laevigata Cherokee Rose v7Clematis aubertii v7Wisteria sinensis v7 Chinese wisteria Support systems Trachelospermum asiaticumgc7Ground Covers & Vines : Evergreen Deciduous Accent-3

160. Clematis jackmanii species v5 Ficus pumila Fig vine v7 Hedera helix English Ivy gc5 Hedera canariensis Variegated Algerian English Ivy gc6 Alchemilla mollis Alchemillagc5 Campanula sp. Balloonflowergc5Campanula serastro Bellflowergc5Aquilegia canadensis Columbine gc5 Lysimachia nummularia ‘aurea’ Creeping Jenny gc5Ground Covers & Vines-4

161. Bignonia sp. Trumpet Vine v5 Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia creeper v5 Pathysandra terminalis pachysandra v5Mertensia virginiana bluebells gc5Ground Covers & Vines -5

162. Akebia five-leafAkebia quinata ez5

163. Alchemilla mollis Alchemilla gc5

164. Aspidistra elegansAspidistra, Cast iron plant v6/7

165. Ajuga reptans Ajuga, bugle weed gc5

166. Aquilegia canadensis Columbine gc5

167. Astilbe sp. gc5

168. Bignonia sp. Trumpet Vine v5

169. Brunnera sp.variegata gc5

170. Campanula spserastro gc5

171. Campanula Balloonflower gc5

172. Clematis aubertii ev7

173. Clematis jackmanii species v5

174. Clematis v5

175. Cotoneaster sp.v/gc 5

176. Dianthus

177. Ficus pumila Fig vine gc7

178. Yellow jessamine Gelsemium sempervirens ez6

179. Galanthus nivalis SnowdropsGalanthus nivalis

180. Iberis sempervirens Candytuftiberis

181. Hedera helix English Ivy v5

182. Hedera canariensis Variegated Algerian English Ivy v6/7variegated English Ivy is hardier

183. Lotus Lotus berthelotiiLarge-leaved MagnoliaMagnolia fraseri

184. Lysimachia nummularia ‘aurea’ Creeping Jenny gc5

185. Mertensia virginiana bluebells v5

186. moss Moss

187. Pathysandra terminalis Pachysandra gc5

188. Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia creeper v5

189. Thrift Phlox subulata ez5

190. Rosa chinensis mutabilis ev6

191. Rosa banksia Lady Banks Rose ev7

192. Rosa laevigata Cherokee Rose dv6

193. Support systems

194. Scottish broomHeatherScotch Broom

195. Double-Flowering Madison Flowering Jasmine Trachelospermum floridanum ‘Madison’ ez6Belinda Rose Rosa ‘Belinda’ ez6

196. Trachelospermum asiaticum variegata egc6

197. Thymes ephd 5

198. Georgia Blue Veronica Veronica procumbens ‘Georgia Blue’ ez5

199. Vinca MinorPeriwinkle Vinca minor

200. Wisteria sinensis Chinese wisteria dv7

201. Annual lobelia Alyssum Violas Wildflowers Seasonal BulbsAnnuals: Seasonal Display & Ephemerals-1

202. Stock Matthiola incanaegc5Chives Allium schoenoprasumegc5Borage Borago officinalis eph 5Jack in the pulpit Ariseama sp. eph5Bleeding heart egc5Annuals & Ephemerals -2

203. NONE TODAY! Annuals & Ephemerals -3

204. Bellis perennis English DaisyTulipa spp. Black Emperor Tulip Viola species PansyNasturtiumDelphiniumDigitalis purpurea FoxgloveFuschia Annuals: Seasonal Display & Ephemerals-4

205. TulipsOsteospermum Hesparis matrimonialis Lunaria, honestyAnnuals: Seasonal Display & Ephemerals-5

206. PLANT COLLECTIONSKitchen gardensShade gardensWater gardensHosta gardensCamellia gardensRock gardensConifer gardensJap maple gardensFlower gardens…Annuals: Seasonal Display & Ephemerals-6

207. Seasonal displays are ever changing!

208. Seasonals-spring

209. Jack in the pulpit Arisaema sp. ephd 5

210. Chives ephd 5

211. Bellis perennis English Daisy

212. Comfrey ephd 5

213. Delphinium

214. Delphinium

215. Dicentra spectabilis Bleeding heartsdgc 5

216. Digitalis purpureaFoxglove

217. Fuschia

218. Hesparis matrimonialis or Lunaria, honesty?

219. Hosta gardens

220. Annual lobelia, allysum or violas are useful decorative step edges

221. Stock Matthiola incana egc5

222. Nasturtium

223. Osteospermum

224. Black Emperor Tulip

225. Tulips

226. tulips

227. Viola Pansy

228. The design police are ticketing this annual unless it is used as filler in a perennial bed…

229. Acer & pansies & boxwoods

230. Border plantings

231. Urn with topiary

232. Kitchen Gardens

233. Kitchen gardens

234. Pattern gardens

235. Flower gardens

236. Flower gardens

237. rose gardens

238. Camellia gardens

239. Camellia gardens

240. Shade gardens

241. Hosta gardens

242. Hosta gardens

243. Shade gardens

244. Shade gardens

245. Moss gardens

246. Moss gardens

247. Water gardens

248. Water gardens

249. rock gardens

250. rock gardens

251. rock gardens

252. rock gardens

253. Japanese gardens

254. Japanese gardens

255. Deciduous MagnoliasSpring Magic Part 1

256. CamelliasSpring Magic Part 2

257. Japanese maplesSpring Spring Magic Part 3

258. Dancing AzaleasSpring Magic # 4

259. Clemson University PresentsCertificate of Accomplishment inLandscape and Garden Design