SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 7
benefits of a qualitymanagement system
In this file, you can ref useful information about benefits of a quality management system such
as benefits of a quality management systemforms, tools for benefits of a quality management
system, benefits of a quality management systemstrategies … If you need more assistant for
benefits of a quality management system, please leave your comment at the end of file.
Other useful material for benefits of a quality management system:
• qualitymanagement123.com/23-free-ebooks-for-quality-management
• qualitymanagement123.com/185-free-quality-management-forms
• qualitymanagement123.com/free-98-ISO-9001-templates-and-forms
• qualitymanagement123.com/top-84-quality-management-KPIs
• qualitymanagement123.com/top-18-quality-management-job-descriptions
• qualitymanagement123.com/86-quality-management-interview-questions-and-answers
I. Contents of benefits of a quality management system
==================
 Increased Efficiency
Companies going through the ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System
certificationprocess are aiming to maximise the quality and efficiency of their processes.
Once you are certified for Quality Management System, guidelines are put in place that
can be followed easily by all your employees. Factors within the company such as
trouble-shooting, transitions, and training are also dealt with easier.
Increased Revenue
Companies which are ISO Quality Management System certified experiences
improved financial performance and increased productivity when compared to uncertified
companies.
Better Employee Morale
There are some factors in your company that plays a role in motivating and satisfying
your staff. These include accountability of management, having clearly defined roles and
responsibilities, establishing training systems, as well as painting a clear picture of how
their roles not only affect the quality, but also the overall success of the company.
Achieve International Recognition
ISO (International Organisation for Standardisation) is recognised worldwide as the
authority on quality management.
Factual Approach to Decision Making
The ISO 9001: 2000 Quality Management Systemstandard comes with a set of clear
instructions regarding process reviews and audits. These instructions facilitate decision
making and information gathering based on the data.
Improves Supplier Relationships
One of the key attractions to ISO certification is the mutually beneficial supplier
relationships. In order to ensure that quality raw materials go into your production
system, the processes concerning documentation and testing should be followed
carefully. Thorough evaluation of new suppliers before changes are made is also part of
the process.
Effective and Structured Documentation
Documentation of all processes, as well as any discrepancies, errors, and changes is an
important requirement of the ISO Quality Management System standard.
Accountability of all staff and consistency throughout production are hereby ensured.
Traceable records are thus also available in cases of raw materials and non-compliant
products.
Consistency within all Processes of your Company
Consistency is one of the foundations on which ISO is build. All processes operating
within a business, from the research and development stage, to production and ultimately
shipping, are defined, outlined, and documented. This consistency minimises the room
for error. Even the process of making changes is well planned and implemented; it is
done in the best possible way to maximise efficiency.
Building Customer Satisfaction
The universal acceptance of the ISO standards is responsible for building client
confidence. Customer satisfaction is ensured through the benefits ISO 9001:2000 Quality
Management System holds for company efficiency, consistency, and dedication to
quality service.
Improvement Processes based on Facts
Audit processes, management review, and improvement processes based on collected
data are outlined by ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System. Improvements based
on facts are carefully planned and implemented; this is done through the use of a system
of documentation and analysis. This in turn will ensure the best decisions for your
company are made.
==================
III. Quality management tools
1. Check sheet
The check sheet is a form (document) used to collect data
in real time at the location where the data is generated.
The data it captures can be quantitative or qualitative.
When the information is quantitative, the check sheet is
sometimes called a tally sheet.
The defining characteristic of a check sheet is that data
are recorded by making marks ("checks") on it. A typical
check sheet is divided into regions, and marks made in
different regions have different significance. Data are
read by observing the location and number of marks on
the sheet.
Check sheets typically employ a heading that answers the
Five Ws:
 Who filled out the check sheet
 What was collected (what each check represents,
an identifying batch or lot number)
 Where the collection took place (facility, room,
apparatus)
 When the collection took place (hour, shift, day
of the week)
 Why the data were collected
2. Control chart
Control charts, also known as Shewhart charts
(after Walter A. Shewhart) or process-behavior
charts, in statistical process control are tools used
to determine if a manufacturing or business
process is in a state of statistical control.
If analysis of the control chart indicates that the
process is currently under control (i.e., is stable,
with variation only coming from sources common
to the process), then no corrections or changes to
process control parameters are needed or desired.
In addition, data from the process can be used to
predict the future performance of the process. If
the chart indicates that the monitored process is
not in control, analysis of the chart can help
determine the sources of variation, as this will
result in degraded process performance.[1] A
process that is stable but operating outside of
desired (specification) limits (e.g., scrap rates
may be in statistical control but above desired
limits) needs to be improved through a deliberate
effort to understand the causes of current
performance and fundamentally improve the
process.
The control chart is one of the seven basic tools of
quality control.[3] Typically control charts are
used for time-series data, though they can be used
for data that have logical comparability (i.e. you
want to compare samples that were taken all at
the same time, or the performance of different
individuals), however the type of chart used to do
this requires consideration.
3. Pareto chart
A Pareto chart, named after Vilfredo Pareto, is a type
of chart that contains both bars and a line graph, where
individual values are represented in descending order
by bars, and the cumulative total is represented by the
line.
The left vertical axis is the frequency of occurrence,
but it can alternatively represent cost or another
important unit of measure. The right vertical axis is
the cumulative percentage of the total number of
occurrences, total cost, or total of the particular unit of
measure. Because the reasons are in decreasing order,
the cumulative function is a concave function. To take
the example above, in order to lower the amount of
late arrivals by 78%, it is sufficient to solve the first
three issues.
The purpose of the Pareto chart is to highlight the
most important among a (typically large) set of
factors. In quality control, it often represents the most
common sources of defects, the highest occurring type
of defect, or the most frequent reasons for customer
complaints, and so on. Wilkinson (2006) devised an
algorithm for producing statistically based acceptance
limits (similar to confidence intervals) for each bar in
the Pareto chart.
4. Scatter plot Method
A scatter plot, scatterplot, or scattergraph is a type of
mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to
display values for two variables for a set of data.
The data is displayed as a collection of points, each
having the value of one variable determining the position
on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable
determining the position on the vertical axis.[2] This kind
of plot is also called a scatter chart, scattergram, scatter
diagram,[3] or scatter graph.
A scatter plot is used when a variable exists that is under
the control of the experimenter. If a parameter exists that
is systematically incremented and/or decremented by the
other, it is called the control parameter or independent
variable and is customarily plotted along the horizontal
axis. The measured or dependent variable is customarily
plotted along the vertical axis. If no dependent variable
exists, either type of variable can be plotted on either axis
and a scatter plot will illustrate only the degree of
correlation (not causation) between two variables.
A scatter plot can suggest various kinds of correlations
between variables with a certain confidence interval. For
example, weight and height, weight would be on x axis
and height would be on the y axis. Correlations may be
positive (rising), negative (falling), or null (uncorrelated).
If the pattern of dots slopes from lower left to upper right,
it suggests a positive correlation between the variables
being studied. If the pattern of dots slopes from upper left
to lower right, it suggests a negative correlation. A line of
best fit (alternatively called 'trendline') can be drawn in
order to study the correlation between the variables. An
equation for the correlation between the variables can be
determined by established best-fit procedures. For a linear
correlation, the best-fit procedure is known as linear
regression and is guaranteed to generate a correct solution
in a finite time. No universal best-fit procedure is
guaranteed to generate a correct solution for arbitrary
relationships. A scatter plot is also very useful when we
wish to see how two comparable data sets agree with each
other. In this case, an identity line, i.e., a y=x line, or an
1:1 line, is often drawn as a reference. The more the two
data sets agree, the more the scatters tend to concentrate in
the vicinity of the identity line; if the two data sets are
numerically identical, the scatters fall on the identity line
exactly.
5.Ishikawa diagram
Ishikawa diagrams (also called fishbone diagrams,
herringbone diagrams, cause-and-effect diagrams, or
Fishikawa) are causal diagrams created by Kaoru
Ishikawa (1968) that show the causes of a specific
event.[1][2] Common uses of the Ishikawa diagram are
product design and quality defect prevention, to identify
potential factors causing an overall effect. Each cause or
reason for imperfection is a source of variation. Causes
are usually grouped into major categories to identify these
sources of variation. The categories typically include
 People: Anyone involved with the process
 Methods: How the process is performed and the
specific requirements for doing it, such as policies,
procedures, rules, regulations and laws
 Machines: Any equipment, computers, tools, etc.
required to accomplish the job
 Materials: Raw materials, parts, pens, paper, etc.
used to produce the final product
 Measurements: Data generated from the process
that are used to evaluate its quality
 Environment: The conditions, such as location,
time, temperature, and culture in which the process
operates
6. Histogram method
A histogram is a graphical representation of the
distribution of data. It is an estimate of the probability
distribution of a continuous variable (quantitative
variable) and was first introduced by Karl Pearson.[1] To
construct a histogram, the first step is to "bin" the range of
values -- that is, divide the entire range of values into a
series of small intervals -- and then count how many
values fall into each interval. A rectangle is drawn with
height proportional to the count and width equal to the bin
size, so that rectangles abut each other. A histogram may
also be normalized displaying relative frequencies. It then
shows the proportion of cases that fall into each of several
categories, with the sum of the heights equaling 1. The
bins are usually specified as consecutive, non-overlapping
intervals of a variable. The bins (intervals) must be
adjacent, and usually equal size.[2] The rectangles of a
histogram are drawn so that they touch each other to
indicate that the original variable is continuous.[3]
III. Other topics related to benefits of a quality management system (pdf
download)
quality management systems
quality management courses
quality management tools
iso 9001 quality management system
quality management process
quality management system example
quality system management
quality management techniques
quality management standards
quality management policy
quality management strategy
quality management books

More Related Content

What's hot (20)

Quality & Quality tools
Quality & Quality toolsQuality & Quality tools
Quality & Quality tools
 
Qc, qa
Qc, qaQc, qa
Qc, qa
 
Introduction to Quality
Introduction to QualityIntroduction to Quality
Introduction to Quality
 
Quality control
Quality controlQuality control
Quality control
 
Quality management principles
Quality management principlesQuality management principles
Quality management principles
 
Statstical process control
Statstical process controlStatstical process control
Statstical process control
 
Quality management systems (QMS)
Quality management systems (QMS)Quality management systems (QMS)
Quality management systems (QMS)
 
Quality Management System PowerPoint Presentation Slides
Quality Management System PowerPoint Presentation Slides Quality Management System PowerPoint Presentation Slides
Quality Management System PowerPoint Presentation Slides
 
Quality management
Quality managementQuality management
Quality management
 
Quality Improvement Methods
Quality Improvement MethodsQuality Improvement Methods
Quality Improvement Methods
 
Quality assurance
Quality assuranceQuality assurance
Quality assurance
 
EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE & QUALITY
EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE & QUALITY  EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE & QUALITY
EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE & QUALITY
 
Quality Management System
Quality Management SystemQuality Management System
Quality Management System
 
Gaurav ppt
Gaurav pptGaurav ppt
Gaurav ppt
 
Statistical process control
Statistical process controlStatistical process control
Statistical process control
 
ISO 9001: 2008 QMS Awareness PPT
ISO 9001: 2008 QMS Awareness PPTISO 9001: 2008 QMS Awareness PPT
ISO 9001: 2008 QMS Awareness PPT
 
ISO 9001:2000
ISO 9001:2000ISO 9001:2000
ISO 9001:2000
 
Statistical Process control
Statistical Process controlStatistical Process control
Statistical Process control
 
ISO 9000 standards
ISO 9000 standards ISO 9000 standards
ISO 9000 standards
 
Quality management slides
Quality management slidesQuality management slides
Quality management slides
 

Similar to Benefits of a quality management system

Advantages of quality management system
Advantages of quality management systemAdvantages of quality management system
Advantages of quality management systemselinasimpson2201
 
Quality management system policy
Quality management system policyQuality management system policy
Quality management system policyselinasimpson2101
 
Iso 9001 quality management systems requirements
Iso 9001 quality management systems requirementsIso 9001 quality management systems requirements
Iso 9001 quality management systems requirementsselinasimpson341
 
Purpose of quality management system
Purpose of quality management systemPurpose of quality management system
Purpose of quality management systemselinasimpson1801
 
Definition of quality management
Definition of quality managementDefinition of quality management
Definition of quality managementselinasimpson0201
 
Quality management system template free
Quality management system template freeQuality management system template free
Quality management system template freeselinasimpson1601
 
Quality management techniques
Quality management techniquesQuality management techniques
Quality management techniquesselinasimpson0401
 
Quality assurance management system
Quality assurance management systemQuality assurance management system
Quality assurance management systemselinasimpson0901
 
It quality management system
It quality management systemIt quality management system
It quality management systemselinasimpson2701
 
Components of quality management
Components of quality managementComponents of quality management
Components of quality managementselinasimpson1901
 
Define quality management system
Define quality management systemDefine quality management system
Define quality management systemselinasimpson0901
 
Quality management system certification
Quality management system certificationQuality management system certification
Quality management system certificationselinasimpson0801
 
Quality management system example
Quality management system exampleQuality management system example
Quality management system exampleselinasimpson0201
 
Quality management standards
Quality management standardsQuality management standards
Quality management standardsselinasimpson0401
 
Quality management representative responsibilities
Quality management representative responsibilitiesQuality management representative responsibilities
Quality management representative responsibilitiesselinasimpson1801
 
Sample quality management system
Sample quality management systemSample quality management system
Sample quality management systemselinasimpson2501
 

Similar to Benefits of a quality management system (20)

Advantages of quality management system
Advantages of quality management systemAdvantages of quality management system
Advantages of quality management system
 
Quality management system policy
Quality management system policyQuality management system policy
Quality management system policy
 
Iso 9001 quality management systems requirements
Iso 9001 quality management systems requirementsIso 9001 quality management systems requirements
Iso 9001 quality management systems requirements
 
Purpose of quality management system
Purpose of quality management systemPurpose of quality management system
Purpose of quality management system
 
Definition of quality management
Definition of quality managementDefinition of quality management
Definition of quality management
 
Quality management system template free
Quality management system template freeQuality management system template free
Quality management system template free
 
Quality management techniques
Quality management techniquesQuality management techniques
Quality management techniques
 
Quality assurance management system
Quality assurance management systemQuality assurance management system
Quality assurance management system
 
It quality management system
It quality management systemIt quality management system
It quality management system
 
Components of quality management
Components of quality managementComponents of quality management
Components of quality management
 
Define quality management system
Define quality management systemDefine quality management system
Define quality management system
 
Quality management
Quality managementQuality management
Quality management
 
Quality management system certification
Quality management system certificationQuality management system certification
Quality management system certification
 
About quality management
About quality managementAbout quality management
About quality management
 
Quality management audit
Quality management auditQuality management audit
Quality management audit
 
Quality and management
Quality and managementQuality and management
Quality and management
 
Quality management system example
Quality management system exampleQuality management system example
Quality management system example
 
Quality management standards
Quality management standardsQuality management standards
Quality management standards
 
Quality management representative responsibilities
Quality management representative responsibilitiesQuality management representative responsibilities
Quality management representative responsibilities
 
Sample quality management system
Sample quality management systemSample quality management system
Sample quality management system
 

More from selinasimpson2301

Risk based quality management
Risk based quality managementRisk based quality management
Risk based quality managementselinasimpson2301
 
Riba quality management toolkit
Riba quality management toolkitRiba quality management toolkit
Riba quality management toolkitselinasimpson2301
 
Quality of service management
Quality of service managementQuality of service management
Quality of service managementselinasimpson2301
 
Quality management interview questions
Quality management interview questionsQuality management interview questions
Quality management interview questionsselinasimpson2301
 
Quality management international
Quality management internationalQuality management international
Quality management internationalselinasimpson2301
 
Quality assurance and management
Quality assurance and managementQuality assurance and management
Quality assurance and managementselinasimpson2301
 
Purpose of quality management
Purpose of quality managementPurpose of quality management
Purpose of quality managementselinasimpson2301
 
Implementation of quality management system
Implementation of quality management systemImplementation of quality management system
Implementation of quality management systemselinasimpson2301
 
Food quality management system
Food quality management systemFood quality management system
Food quality management systemselinasimpson2301
 
Ahima data quality management model
Ahima data quality management modelAhima data quality management model
Ahima data quality management modelselinasimpson2301
 

More from selinasimpson2301 (13)

Risk based quality management
Risk based quality managementRisk based quality management
Risk based quality management
 
Riba quality management toolkit
Riba quality management toolkitRiba quality management toolkit
Riba quality management toolkit
 
Quality of service management
Quality of service managementQuality of service management
Quality of service management
 
Quality management interview questions
Quality management interview questionsQuality management interview questions
Quality management interview questions
 
Quality management international
Quality management internationalQuality management international
Quality management international
 
Quality management example
Quality management exampleQuality management example
Quality management example
 
Quality assurance and management
Quality assurance and managementQuality assurance and management
Quality assurance and management
 
Qm quality management
Qm quality managementQm quality management
Qm quality management
 
Purpose of quality management
Purpose of quality managementPurpose of quality management
Purpose of quality management
 
Prince2 quality management
Prince2 quality managementPrince2 quality management
Prince2 quality management
 
Implementation of quality management system
Implementation of quality management systemImplementation of quality management system
Implementation of quality management system
 
Food quality management system
Food quality management systemFood quality management system
Food quality management system
 
Ahima data quality management model
Ahima data quality management modelAhima data quality management model
Ahima data quality management model
 

Benefits of a quality management system

  • 1. benefits of a qualitymanagement system In this file, you can ref useful information about benefits of a quality management system such as benefits of a quality management systemforms, tools for benefits of a quality management system, benefits of a quality management systemstrategies … If you need more assistant for benefits of a quality management system, please leave your comment at the end of file. Other useful material for benefits of a quality management system: • qualitymanagement123.com/23-free-ebooks-for-quality-management • qualitymanagement123.com/185-free-quality-management-forms • qualitymanagement123.com/free-98-ISO-9001-templates-and-forms • qualitymanagement123.com/top-84-quality-management-KPIs • qualitymanagement123.com/top-18-quality-management-job-descriptions • qualitymanagement123.com/86-quality-management-interview-questions-and-answers I. Contents of benefits of a quality management system ==================  Increased Efficiency Companies going through the ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System certificationprocess are aiming to maximise the quality and efficiency of their processes. Once you are certified for Quality Management System, guidelines are put in place that can be followed easily by all your employees. Factors within the company such as trouble-shooting, transitions, and training are also dealt with easier. Increased Revenue Companies which are ISO Quality Management System certified experiences improved financial performance and increased productivity when compared to uncertified companies. Better Employee Morale There are some factors in your company that plays a role in motivating and satisfying your staff. These include accountability of management, having clearly defined roles and responsibilities, establishing training systems, as well as painting a clear picture of how their roles not only affect the quality, but also the overall success of the company. Achieve International Recognition ISO (International Organisation for Standardisation) is recognised worldwide as the authority on quality management. Factual Approach to Decision Making The ISO 9001: 2000 Quality Management Systemstandard comes with a set of clear instructions regarding process reviews and audits. These instructions facilitate decision making and information gathering based on the data.
  • 2. Improves Supplier Relationships One of the key attractions to ISO certification is the mutually beneficial supplier relationships. In order to ensure that quality raw materials go into your production system, the processes concerning documentation and testing should be followed carefully. Thorough evaluation of new suppliers before changes are made is also part of the process. Effective and Structured Documentation Documentation of all processes, as well as any discrepancies, errors, and changes is an important requirement of the ISO Quality Management System standard. Accountability of all staff and consistency throughout production are hereby ensured. Traceable records are thus also available in cases of raw materials and non-compliant products. Consistency within all Processes of your Company Consistency is one of the foundations on which ISO is build. All processes operating within a business, from the research and development stage, to production and ultimately shipping, are defined, outlined, and documented. This consistency minimises the room for error. Even the process of making changes is well planned and implemented; it is done in the best possible way to maximise efficiency. Building Customer Satisfaction The universal acceptance of the ISO standards is responsible for building client confidence. Customer satisfaction is ensured through the benefits ISO 9001:2000 Quality Management System holds for company efficiency, consistency, and dedication to quality service. Improvement Processes based on Facts Audit processes, management review, and improvement processes based on collected data are outlined by ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System. Improvements based on facts are carefully planned and implemented; this is done through the use of a system of documentation and analysis. This in turn will ensure the best decisions for your company are made. ================== III. Quality management tools 1. Check sheet
  • 3. The check sheet is a form (document) used to collect data in real time at the location where the data is generated. The data it captures can be quantitative or qualitative. When the information is quantitative, the check sheet is sometimes called a tally sheet. The defining characteristic of a check sheet is that data are recorded by making marks ("checks") on it. A typical check sheet is divided into regions, and marks made in different regions have different significance. Data are read by observing the location and number of marks on the sheet. Check sheets typically employ a heading that answers the Five Ws:  Who filled out the check sheet  What was collected (what each check represents, an identifying batch or lot number)  Where the collection took place (facility, room, apparatus)  When the collection took place (hour, shift, day of the week)  Why the data were collected 2. Control chart Control charts, also known as Shewhart charts (after Walter A. Shewhart) or process-behavior charts, in statistical process control are tools used to determine if a manufacturing or business process is in a state of statistical control. If analysis of the control chart indicates that the process is currently under control (i.e., is stable, with variation only coming from sources common to the process), then no corrections or changes to process control parameters are needed or desired. In addition, data from the process can be used to predict the future performance of the process. If the chart indicates that the monitored process is not in control, analysis of the chart can help determine the sources of variation, as this will
  • 4. result in degraded process performance.[1] A process that is stable but operating outside of desired (specification) limits (e.g., scrap rates may be in statistical control but above desired limits) needs to be improved through a deliberate effort to understand the causes of current performance and fundamentally improve the process. The control chart is one of the seven basic tools of quality control.[3] Typically control charts are used for time-series data, though they can be used for data that have logical comparability (i.e. you want to compare samples that were taken all at the same time, or the performance of different individuals), however the type of chart used to do this requires consideration. 3. Pareto chart A Pareto chart, named after Vilfredo Pareto, is a type of chart that contains both bars and a line graph, where individual values are represented in descending order by bars, and the cumulative total is represented by the line. The left vertical axis is the frequency of occurrence, but it can alternatively represent cost or another important unit of measure. The right vertical axis is the cumulative percentage of the total number of occurrences, total cost, or total of the particular unit of measure. Because the reasons are in decreasing order, the cumulative function is a concave function. To take the example above, in order to lower the amount of late arrivals by 78%, it is sufficient to solve the first three issues. The purpose of the Pareto chart is to highlight the most important among a (typically large) set of factors. In quality control, it often represents the most common sources of defects, the highest occurring type of defect, or the most frequent reasons for customer complaints, and so on. Wilkinson (2006) devised an
  • 5. algorithm for producing statistically based acceptance limits (similar to confidence intervals) for each bar in the Pareto chart. 4. Scatter plot Method A scatter plot, scatterplot, or scattergraph is a type of mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data. The data is displayed as a collection of points, each having the value of one variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on the vertical axis.[2] This kind of plot is also called a scatter chart, scattergram, scatter diagram,[3] or scatter graph. A scatter plot is used when a variable exists that is under the control of the experimenter. If a parameter exists that is systematically incremented and/or decremented by the other, it is called the control parameter or independent variable and is customarily plotted along the horizontal axis. The measured or dependent variable is customarily plotted along the vertical axis. If no dependent variable exists, either type of variable can be plotted on either axis and a scatter plot will illustrate only the degree of correlation (not causation) between two variables. A scatter plot can suggest various kinds of correlations between variables with a certain confidence interval. For example, weight and height, weight would be on x axis and height would be on the y axis. Correlations may be positive (rising), negative (falling), or null (uncorrelated). If the pattern of dots slopes from lower left to upper right, it suggests a positive correlation between the variables being studied. If the pattern of dots slopes from upper left to lower right, it suggests a negative correlation. A line of best fit (alternatively called 'trendline') can be drawn in order to study the correlation between the variables. An equation for the correlation between the variables can be determined by established best-fit procedures. For a linear correlation, the best-fit procedure is known as linear
  • 6. regression and is guaranteed to generate a correct solution in a finite time. No universal best-fit procedure is guaranteed to generate a correct solution for arbitrary relationships. A scatter plot is also very useful when we wish to see how two comparable data sets agree with each other. In this case, an identity line, i.e., a y=x line, or an 1:1 line, is often drawn as a reference. The more the two data sets agree, the more the scatters tend to concentrate in the vicinity of the identity line; if the two data sets are numerically identical, the scatters fall on the identity line exactly. 5.Ishikawa diagram Ishikawa diagrams (also called fishbone diagrams, herringbone diagrams, cause-and-effect diagrams, or Fishikawa) are causal diagrams created by Kaoru Ishikawa (1968) that show the causes of a specific event.[1][2] Common uses of the Ishikawa diagram are product design and quality defect prevention, to identify potential factors causing an overall effect. Each cause or reason for imperfection is a source of variation. Causes are usually grouped into major categories to identify these sources of variation. The categories typically include  People: Anyone involved with the process  Methods: How the process is performed and the specific requirements for doing it, such as policies, procedures, rules, regulations and laws  Machines: Any equipment, computers, tools, etc. required to accomplish the job  Materials: Raw materials, parts, pens, paper, etc. used to produce the final product  Measurements: Data generated from the process that are used to evaluate its quality  Environment: The conditions, such as location, time, temperature, and culture in which the process operates 6. Histogram method
  • 7. A histogram is a graphical representation of the distribution of data. It is an estimate of the probability distribution of a continuous variable (quantitative variable) and was first introduced by Karl Pearson.[1] To construct a histogram, the first step is to "bin" the range of values -- that is, divide the entire range of values into a series of small intervals -- and then count how many values fall into each interval. A rectangle is drawn with height proportional to the count and width equal to the bin size, so that rectangles abut each other. A histogram may also be normalized displaying relative frequencies. It then shows the proportion of cases that fall into each of several categories, with the sum of the heights equaling 1. The bins are usually specified as consecutive, non-overlapping intervals of a variable. The bins (intervals) must be adjacent, and usually equal size.[2] The rectangles of a histogram are drawn so that they touch each other to indicate that the original variable is continuous.[3] III. Other topics related to benefits of a quality management system (pdf download) quality management systems quality management courses quality management tools iso 9001 quality management system quality management process quality management system example quality system management quality management techniques quality management standards quality management policy quality management strategy quality management books