The Service Design day focuses on various ways of modeling and describing a service experience. These perspectives include modeling of the service system, describing the customer journey, and designing a blueprint to support the organization providing the service. We will discuss ways of determining the success of the service offering. We start with an introduction into the practice of Service Design.
-Characteristics of Service
-Defining Service Design
-A Service Mindset
-Why Service Design Matters
3. 3ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
DAY 1
DESIGN
STRATEGY
DS
DAY 2
USER
RESEARCH
DR
DAY 3
SERVICE
DESIGN
SD IxD
DAY 4
INTERACTION
DESIGN
The tools you
need to put your
designs into
business — and
vice versa
How to unearth
deep, practical
insights about the
people you want
to reach most
Tools of modeling
and analysis that
shape smart and
systemic solutions
How to design for
better interactions
and become a
better interaction
designer
6. 6ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
I’m a tree!
WARM UP!
(Martha game –author unknown)
→ One person runs into the space, forms her body into a
statue and announces what she is, as in "I'm a tree."
→ Instantly the next person runs on and forms something
else in the same picture. "I'm a bench under the tree."
→ The next person further adds to the picture. "I'm a bum on
the bench."
→ "I'm a dog peeing on the tree."
→ "I'm the newspaper the bum is sleeping under."
→ Don’t think! Just do!
7. Service Design Fundamentals
→ Service Safari
→ Service Experience
→ Service Design
7ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
SERVICE DESIGN
8. 8ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Service Characteristics
→ “Products of economic activity that you
can’t drop on your foot, ranging from
hairdressing to websites.” –The Economist
→ An orchestrated system, delivered over time,
that you can’t drop on your foot, but there is
physical evidence.
FUNDAMENTALS
22. Photo by Joe Mabel, http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/
San_Francisco_-_Famous_Wayne's_shoeshine_02.jpg
Kevin L.,
Yelper
“Nothing nonverbally communicates
"megaballer" like sitting on a throne in the
Financial District and having the sh#$ shined
out of your shoes in front of everybody.”
29. 29ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
User Experience Service Experience
Experience between person
and single touchpoint, usually a
digital product
Orchestrated experience
among all parts of the service,
from people to objects to
places to interfaces
34. 34ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Service Design
Service design applies design methods and
craft to the definition and orchestration of
service experiences.
Examines the products, communications,
interactions, operations, culture, and structure of
an organization for impact on service experience.
FUNDAMENTALS
35. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI 35
FUNDAMENTALS
SERVICE
INTERACTIONS
CUSTOMER
STAFF
PRODUCTS OPERATIONS STRUCTURE CULTURE
CUSTOMER
EXPERIENCE
BIZ & STAFF
EXPERIENCE
SERVICE
DESIGN
source: 5 Things I Wish I Knew – Jamin Hegeman
36. 36ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Service Design Isn’t New
Service providers have been designing
services for years, but they haven’t always
included designers in the process.
FUNDAMENTALS
37. Exhibit I
StarKlard
execution time
2 minutes
Total
acceptable
execution time
5 minutes
Blueprint for a comer shoeshine
Brush
shoes
Faciiitating services
and products
Une of
vialblllty
Not seen
by customer
but necessary
to
perfonnance
Select
and purchase
supplies
39. 39ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Why Design Services?
→ Product not the right solution
→ Product focus limits potential solutions
→ Great products don’t mend broken services
→ Greater opportunity to improve people’s lives
→ Greater organizational impact
FUNDAMENTALS
40. 40ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Business Case
→ Create better customer and staff experiences
→ Reduce inefficiencies
→ Improve customer retention (loyalty)
→ Deepen and widen customer relationships
→ Design new business models
→ Align and harmonize activities across the organization
FUNDAMENTALS
41. 41ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Outcomes
→ Creating new and redefining
existing staff roles
→ Designing staff interactions
and training
→ Changing internal metrics to
drive behavior directed at
achieving the experience
→ Developing new business
functions to support the
sustainability of the desired
experience, e.g., a program
→ Evaluating existing projects
against the desired experience
→ Initiating new projects
→ Designing single touchpoints
or a system of coordinated
touchpoints
→ Developing new backend
systems to support the
desired experience
FUNDAMENTALS
42. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Air Travel
How might we change the
service experience of air
travel to address needs
unrelated to air travel?
How can we create new
value for both travelers and
the airline?
CASE
43. Service Architecture
→ Front Stage & Back Stage
→ Service Blueprints
→ Exercise: Service Blueprinting
43ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
SERVICE DESIGN
58. 58ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Service Blueprint
A blueprint is an operational tool that describes
the nature and the characteristics of the service
interaction in enough detail to verify, implement,
and maintain it.
Blueprints show ideal (and other) paths customers
will follow and how people, processes, and
technologies could be orchestrated frontstage
and backstage to support those paths.
SERVICE ARCHITECTURE
59. 59ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Where in the Process?
SERVICE ARCHITECTURE
JOURNEY
IDEATION
FUTURE STATE
BLUEPRINT
TOUCHPOINTS
STORYBOARD
RESEARCH
CURRENT STATE
BLUEPRINT
60. 60ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Blueprint Building Blocks
SERVICE ARCHITECTURE
LINE OF VISIBILITY
CUSTOMER ACTIONS
TOUCHPOINTS
STAFF ACTIONS
BACK STAGE STAFF
SUPPORT PROCESSES
61. 61ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Touchpoints (Front Stage)
→ Physical locations
→ Specific parts of locations
→ Signage
→ Objects
→ Websites
→ Mailings
→ Spoken communication
→ Printed communication
→ Applications
→ Machinery
→ Customer service
→ Partners
SERVICE ARCHITECTURE
From Designing for Interaction by Dan Saffer
65. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Example
SERVICE ARCHITECTURE
Customer
orders a
hamburger
Dinner menu
Server
records order
on Notepad
Order system
Customer
waits
Server enters
order into
system
Server
checks on
customer
Chef receives
order and
makes burger
Customer
asks for
water
Status
Conversation
Hamburger
ingredients
Server
delivers
hamburger
Chef delivers
hamburger to
server
Customer
receives
order
Hamburger
Notepad
66. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Iteration
SERVICE ARCHITECTURE
Customer
orders a
hamburger
Dinner menu
Server
records order
on iPad
Customer
waits
Server
checks on
customer
Chef receives
order and
makes burger
Customer
asks for
water
Status
Conversation
Server
delivers
hamburger
Chef delivers
hamburger to
server
Customer
receives
order
Hamburger
Order system
iPad app
Hamburger
Ingredients
70. PATIENT
ACTIONS
PHYSICAL
EVIDENCE
ONSTAGE
CONTACT
PERSON
BACKSTAGE
CONTACT
PERSON
Debbie’s
Chart Cart
Records/
Database
System
Bin
System
Check
Vitals &
Ask Quest
Place in
Kassam
Bin
Meet Dr.
Kassam
Kassam
Gets Quick
Review
Take
Away
Chart
Process &
Check-out
Records/
Database
System
Dictation
Chart
Storage
System
Door Tag
System
See Other
Patients
SUPPORT
PROCESSES
Sign In
Front
Desk
Waiting
Room
Front
Desk
Front
Desk
Hallway Exam
Room
MRI &
Chart
Exam
Room
MRI &
Chart
Door Tag Waiting
Room
Check-out
Room
Waiting
Room
Line of Interaction
Line of Visibility
Responds
Follow to
Exam Rm
Answer
Questions
Ask
Questions
Return
Door Tag
Check-out,
Pay, &
Leave
Check-in
Welcome
Get
Patient
Chart
See Other
Patients
Process
See Other
Patients
Brings
Door Tag
Back
Call
Patient
Grab
Door Tag
Escort to
Exam Rm
Chart in
To Be
Seen Bin
Write Rm
# on
Schedule
See Other
Patients
Grab
Chart
from Bin
Chart
Taken by
Staff
Check
Patient
Location
Check
Patient
Location
Schedule
System
Service Blueprint of Presby Neuro Clinic
? ? ? ? ?
Line of Internal Interaction
? ? ?
Wait Wait
Wait in
Exam Rm Wait Wait
71. 71ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Benefits of Blueprinting
→ Prototype of the future experience
Provides low fidelity version of the
service experience: great for ideation
Visualizes vision of the service
experience
→ Strategic tool for project planning
Helps see where and how existing and
future ideas fit with the envisioned
experience
→ Combination of customer experience
with an operational tool
Helps design and engineering speak the
same language
SERVICE ARCHITECTURE
72. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
EXERCISE #1
Service
Blueprinting
→ Blueprint the current state of the
airline check-in experience
SERVICE ARCHITECTURE
72
73. 73ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
SERVICE BLUEPRINTING
Customer
orders a
hamburger
Dinner menu
Server
records order
on Notepad
Order system
Customer
waits
Server
enters order
into system
Server
checks on
customer
Chef receives
order and
makes burger
Customer
asks for
water
Status
Conversation
Hamburger
ingredients
Server
delivers
hamburger
Chef delivers
hamburger
to server
Customer
receives
order
Hamburger
Notepad
CUSTOMER ACTIONS
TOUCHPOINTS
STAFF ACTIONS
BACKSTAGE
STAFF ACTIONS
SUPPORT SYSTEMS
& MATERIALS
77. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Determine
Your Scale
SERVICE BLUEPRINTING
SERVICE JOURNEY
BLUEPRINT
BLUEPRINT
BLUEPRINT
BLUEPRINT
78. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Decide Your
Fidelity
SERVICE BLUEPRINTING
POST-ITS
EXCEL
ILLUSTRATOR
79. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Start, Stop,
Continue
SERVICE BLUEPRINTING CURRENT STATE BLUEPRINT
FUTURE STATE BLUEPRINT
gap
80. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Prioritize,
Zoom in,
Detail
SERVICE BLUEPRINTING
ZOOM IN, THEN
PROVIDE MORE DETAIL
81. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Orchestrate
Implementation
SERVICE BLUEPRINTING
SINGLE TOUCHPOINT
COORDINATED TOUCHPOINTS
82. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Make New
Friends
SERVICE BLUEPRINTING
PROCESS ENGINEERING
BUSINESS
TECHNOLOGY
CHANGE MANAGEMENT
DESIGNER
83. Service Storming
→ Acting Outside of the Box
→ Exercise: Service Storming
83ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
SERVICE DESIGN
84. DATEADAPTIVE PATH PROJECT TITLE
This is a list item 1
This is a list item 2
This is a list item 3
PLACEHOLDER IMAGE – REPLACE
EXPLORATORIUM
84source: The ExploritoriumADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
89. Service Encounters
→ Happen in real-time at a specific time and place
→ Are subject to human emotion and variability
→ May be mediated or augmented with other touchpoints
→ Are rarely an end point; they bridge to other touchpoints
ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI 89
SERVICE STORMING
90. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Definition
A collaborative activity,
focused on the generation
of new service experience
concepts through acting.
SERVICE STORMING
91. Service storming uses voice,
physicality, and staging to
quickly prototype and refine
service encounters.
92. 92ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
SERVICE STORMING
→ Co-create: Include staff, customers, etc.
→ Iterative: Make, learn, make again
→ Real time: Simulate real-time service encounters
→ Malleable: Change roles, constraints, channels, etc.
→ Art/Science: Taps into different parts of you brain
→ Fun: Why not have fun at work?
Why Service Storming?
94. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Science
Engaging in physical
expression activates
different parts of your
brain, helping you to think
in new ways.
Art
Service delivery is a
performance. If your skit
connects with the
audience, you are
probably being human.
95. 95ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Where in the Process?
SERVICE STORMING
JOURNEY
IDEATION
BLUEPRINT
TOUCHPOINTS
STORYBOARD
RESEARCH
96. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
EXERCISE #3
Service
Storming
→ Brainstorming through acting
SERVICE STORMING
96
97. 97ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
SERVICE STORMING
No sitting
Standing bodies tend to act
more than sitting bodies.
It’s physics. Look it up.
No pitching
Communicate what the service
would feel like. Don’t try to sell
the experience.
98. What if…
→ At least one touchpoint per scene.
→ Must be more than mobile, tablet, or computer.
→ Must include a face-to-face interaction with the
customer or interaction with customer service.
→ Try it without dialog first, then add as needed.
staffretail social phone email web mobile mailkiosk parking textsignage
10 MINUTES
Service Storm
20 MINUTES
Perform It
90 SECONDS
AT HOME
CHECK-IN
PRE-BOARD
IN-FLIGHT
ARRIVAL
100. 100ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Why Service Storming?
→ It’s easy to change and you can evaluate as you go.
→ It’s very human, full of behavior, emotion, and drama.
→ You can cover the whole experience quickly, rather
than getting caught up in the details.
→ You experienced it!
SERVICE STORMING
101. 101ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Variations
→ Early generative brainstorming
→ Communicate and explore service experience insights
→ Evolution and refinement of service stories
→ Detailed design of customer-staff interactions
SERVICE STORMING
102. Acting
TROUBLE SPOT
LOW POINT
HIGH POINT
ADAPTIVE PATH'S GUIDE TO
EXPERIENCE
MAPPING
TWITTER TEASER EMAIL
WEBSITE GUIDE
102
SERVICE STORMING
ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
104. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Service Modeling
→ Modeling Services
→ Exercise: Service Origami
104
SERVICE DESIGN
105. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Modeling
From dolls and scale models
to lego and drawing, model
making can be a great way
of walking someone through
a service concept.
SERVICE MODELING
107. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Business
Origami
Paper prototyping for
service and systems design.
—Jess McMullin
SERVICE MODELING
111. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI 111
Co-Value
SERVICE MODELING
Business
Goals
Human
Goals
Value ROEROI
Offering
Product
Service
Content
Delivery
Process
Channel
Fulfillment
112. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI 112
Components
→ Canvas
→ Areas
→ People
→ Things
→ Places
→ Clouds
→ Actions
→ Flow
→ Value Exchange
SERVICE MODELING
113. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI 113
How it works
SERVICE MODELING
AREA
PEOPLEPLACES
THINGS
ACTIONS
CANVAS
CLOUD
1
FLOW
2
3
VALUE
EXCHANGE
115. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
EXERCISE #3
Service
Origami
→ Choose one person from your skit
→ Model your new service
experiences with the origami
cards
→ Articulate customer and business
value for key service interaction
115
117. CALLOUT LOREM
IPSUM DOLOR SIT
AMET CONSECTET
CALLOUT
SWATCHES
RAPHIC ELEMENTS
source: http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dtdHFVzXrG8/T-dejxDfj4I/AAAAAAAAA8w/3xiTH9V8D-s/s1600/OrcStorytellers.jpgADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
118. DATEADAPTIVE PATH PROJECT TITLE
ADAPTIVE PATH ON SERVICE DESIGN
STORYTELLING
The universe is made of
stories, not atoms.
Muriel Rukeyser
119. 119ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Why Tell Stories?
→ Helps you think through the experience
→ Makes a vision of experience tangible
→ Allows you to easily communicate to others
→ Creates a common understanding
STORYTELLING
120. The best stories are…
→ Authentically true
→ Delivered with passion
→ Connect at an emotional level
→ Have a clear beginning, middle, and end
→ Detailed but minimal
120
STORYTELLING
ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
121. Specificity is the
soul of narrative.
John Hodgman
source: John Hodgman, John-H-preferred-photo.jpg
123. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Storyboards
Storyboarding is a common
way of envisioning a future
service, setting the context
and telling the service story.
STORYTELLING
130. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI 131
Story Development
STORYTELLING
NARRATIVE SCREENPLAY STORYBOARD
132. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
EXERCISE #4
Create a
Storyboard
→ Create a storyboard for each
service experience
→ Show a different feature in each
panel
STORYTELLING
133
133. 134ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Guidance
→ Give your traveler a name.
→ Demonstrate the need and problem you’re solving.
→ Highlight only key moments of the experience.
→ Use color.
→ Keep it clear and simple.
→ Make it stand alone.
STORYTELLING
134. 135ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Title Short description of the overall service experience.
Key Moment Provide a title that makes it easier to understand the
intent of the moment. Use gerunds, e.g., Identifying Options
Storyboards Draw an example of the action. Vary the level of zoom
between panels to show both context and specific service
interactions.
Description Describe the action of the main character, including
how this is helping the character and how he or she feels during
the service interaction.
Features List key features. Keep them free from a specific medium.
135. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI 136
VISUAL
EXAMPLE
1-2 SENTENCE
DESCRIPTION OF
THE ACTION
FEATURE(S)
TITLE
OVERALL VALUE
KEY MOMENT
136. Service Delivery
→ Vision to Execution
→ Exercise 5: Big Vision, Small Step
137ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
SERVICE DESIGN
139. 140ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Why your vision won’t make it.
→ Businesses love to chase squirrels
→ Ideas tend to get lost along the way
→ Features get executed in silos
SERVICE DELIVERY
140. You need to carry the
vision through planning
and execution.
141. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Future State
Blueprint
SERVICE DELIVERY
142. 143ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Start the Journey
Service design is not one and done.
SERVICE DELIVERY
QUICK WIN
BIG WIN
143. “If you want to do something big,
start with something small...that
has long-term strategic impact.”
— NABEEL HAMDI, AUTHOR OF SMALL CHANGE
144. 145ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Start Small
Identify a touchpoint that can be designed and executed with
the DNA of your service vision.
SERVICE DELIVERY
Quick
meaningful
win
145. 146ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Define an Evolution Plan
Plan how the experience can evolve to its north star vision
with increasing value over time.
SERVICE DELIVERY
146. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI 147
Speak Business Impact
SERVICE DELIVERY
What are the most important costs inherent in our business model?
Which Key Resources are most expensive?
Which Key Activities are most expensive?
Through which Channels do our Customer Segments
want to be reached?
How are we reaching them now?
How are our Channels integrated?
Which ones work best?
Which ones are most cost-efficient?
How are we integrating them with customer routines?
For what value are our customers really willing to pay?
For what do they currently pay?
How are they currently paying?
How would they prefer to pay?
How much does each Revenue Stream contribute to overall revenues?
For whom are we creating value?
Who are our most important customers?
What type of relationship does each of our Customer
Segments expect us to establish and maintain with them?
Which ones have we established?
How are they integrated with the rest of our business model?
How costly are they?
What value do we deliver to the customer?
Which one of our customer’s problems are we helping to solve?
What bundles of products and services are we offering to each Customer Segment?
Which customer needs are we satisfying?
What Key Activities do our Value Propositions require?
Our Distribution Channels?
Customer Relationships?
Revenue streams?
Who are our Key Partners?
Who are our key suppliers?
Which Key Resources are we acquiring from partners?
Which Key Activities do partners perform?
What Key Resources do our Value Propositions require?
Our Distribution Channels? Customer Relationships?
Revenue Streams?
Day Month Year
No.
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147. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
EXERCISE #5
Big Vision,
Small Step
→ Identify the MVS
→ Blueprint the pilot
→ No digital
SERVICE DELIVERY
148
148. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
We plan to pilot the service by…
This will benefit the business by…
BRIEFLY DESCRIBE THE PILOT
SHEET
The staff by…
And travelers by…
EXERCISE #5
Big Vision,
Small Step
SERVICE DELIVERY
149
149. 150ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Example
We plan to pilot the service by setting up a small team of
customer service reps and having them ask additional
questions during calls. We’ll collect those answers and give
them to an assigned rep so they have the questions.
This will help the business provide one voice to the customer.
The customer will feel taken care of.
SERVICE DELIVERY
150. Final Thoughts
→ Service design function
→ Role of designers
151ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
SERVICE DESIGN
151. 152ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
This isn’t magic.
→ Experience-driven approach
→ Multidisciplinary from day zero
→ Design skills and craft
FINAL THOUGHTS
152. 153ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Macro Trend: Shift to Services
FINAL THOUGHTS
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/01/20/business/the-iphone-economy.html
153. The service sector now
generates ~64% of the
world’s GDP.
79%
International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2012: Nominal GDP list of countries.
154. 155ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Who’s Doing Service Design?
FINAL THOUGHTS
— Complete unscientific guessing of who’s doing how much
How’s this work getting done?
SYSTEM ENGINEERS
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
BRANDING & MARKETING
CUSTOMER SERVICE
“THE ORGANIZATION”
STRAIGHT-UP SERVICE DESIGNERS
155. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Future
Model
FINAL THOUGHTS
BUSINESS STRATEGY
+ SERVICE DESIGN
PLANNING
PROJECTS
DESIGN UX
SX
156. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Inside Out
FINAL THOUGHTS
EXPERIENCES
INTERACTIONS
TOUCHPOINTS
PROCEDURES
SYSTEMS
157. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Outside In
FINAL THOUGHTS
EXPERIENCES
INTERACTIONS
TOUCHPOINTS
PROCEDURES
SYSTEMS
158. ADAPTIVE PATH | UXI
Outside In
FINAL THOUGHTS
outsidein.forrester.com
172. 1 client
3 years
2 journey maps
8 storyboards
9 blueprints
2 roadmaps
Welcome Kit
Application Packet
Mobile app
Emails
Staff Tools
Operational changes
Design Toolkits
$40 million savings
40% process time reduction
5% increase customer satisfaction
New Design Team
New Design Space