N12

1. SOCIAL
CHANGE

2. OBJECTIVES:
• DEFINITION OF SOCIAL CHANGE
• SOURCES OF CHANGE
• THEORIES OF CHANGE
• FACTORS AFFECTING SOCIAL CHANGE

3. DEFINITION
• Social change refers to an alteration in the social order of a society. Social
change may include changes in nature social institutions, social behaviours,
or social relations.
• Social change may refer to the notion of social progress or sociocultural evolution,
the philosophical idea that society moves forward
by dialectical or evolutionary means. It may refer to a paradigmatic change in the
socio-economic structure, for instance a shift away from feudalism and
towards capitalism.
• it may also refer to social revolution, such as the Socialist revolution presented
in Marxism, or to other social movements, such as Women's suffrage or the Civil
rights movement. Social change may be driven by cultural, religious, economic,
scientific or technological forces. Developmental psychology can play a role in
social change.

4. SOURCES OF CHANGE
• 1. Random or unique factors such as climate, weather, or the presence of specific
groups of people
• 2. Systematic factors
*On the whole, social change is usually a combination of systematic factors along with
some random or unique factors

5. THEORIES OF CHANGE
• Theory of change should include elements such as structural aspects of change like
population shifts, processes and mechanisms of social change, and directions of
change.
• Hegelian: The classic Hegelian dialectic model of change is based on the interaction
of opposing forces. Starting from a point of momentary stasis, Thesis countered by
Antithesis first yields conflict, then it subsequently results in a new Synthesis.
• Marxist: Marxism presents a dialectical and materialist concept of history;
Humankind's history is a fundamental struggle betweensocial classes

6. • Kuhnian: The philosopher of science, Thomas Kuhn argues in The Structure of
Scientific Revolutions with respect to the Copernican Revolution that people are
likely to continue utilizing an apparently unworkable paradigm until a better
paradigm is commonly accepted .
• Heraclitan: The Greek philosopher Heraclitus used the metaphor of a river to
speak of change thus, "On those stepping into rivers staying the same other and
other waters flow. What Heraclitus seems to be suggesting here, later
interpretations notwithstanding, is that, in order for the river to remain the river,
change must constantly be taking place. Thus one may think of the Heraclitan
model as parallel to that of a living organism, which, in order to remain alive, must
constantly be changing. A contemporary application of this approach is shown in
the social change theory SEED-SCALE which builds off of the Complexity
Theory subfield of Emergence.
• Daoist: The Chinese philosophical work Dao De Jing and uses the metaphor of
water as the ideal agent of change. Water, although soft and yielding, will
eventually wear away stone. Change in this model is to be natural, harmonious

7. FACTORS AFFECTING SOCIAL CHANGE
• 1. Physical Environment/ Natural Factors
-Certain geographic changes sometimes produce great social change. Climate,
storms, social erosion, earthquakes, floods, droughts etc., definitely affect social life
and induce social change. Human life is closely bound up with the geographical
conditions of the earth.
-A storm, earthquake, flood, drought, disease and similar natural events even today can
disrupt the social system. Natural calamities like floods, earthquakes, draughts,
famines and other natural disasters always force changes in the social conditions and
life of the affected people.

8. 2. Demographic (biological) Factor:
-Biological factors also affect social change. Biological factors are those factors
which determine the structure, selection and hereditary qualities of generations.
The human element is ever changing. Each new generation is different from
previous generation. It is different in form, ideas and in many other ways from the
one gone before.

9. • 3. Cultural Factor:
-an established fact that there is an intimate connection between our beliefs and
social institutions, our values and social relationships. Values, beliefs, ideas,
institutions are the basic elements of a culture. Certainly, all cultural changes
involve social change.
2 MAJOR FACTORS OF CULTURAL CHANGE:
• (a) Cultural change by discovery and invention, and
• (b) Cultural change by diffusion and borrowing.
4. Ideational Factor
-Among the cultural factors affecting social change in modern times, the
development of science and secularisation of thought have contributed a lot to the
development of the critical and innovative character of the modern outlook. We no
longer follow many customs or habits merely because they have the age-old
authority of tradition. On the contrary, our ways of life have increasingly become
on the basis of rationality.

10. • 5. Socio-Economic Factor:
-The economic factors constitute an important factor of social change. Marx said that the
entire social structure of a country is determined by economic factors, the means of
production and distribution of material means of production and distribution. When
there are changes in the means of production, the material productive forces of society,
it is always changes the social organization.
• 6. Political Factor:
-State is the most powerful organisation which regulates the social relationships. It has
the power to legislate new laws, repeal old ones to bring social change in the society.
Laws regarding child marriage, widow remarriage, divorce, inheritance and succession,
untouchability are some of the examples which have brought many changes in the social
structure of a certain society.

11. • 7. Scienceand Technology
-In contemporary times science and technology happens to be the most important
factor of social change. New scientific inventions and technologies always greatly
influence the social life. Ogburn and Nimkoff rightly observe, “The most wonderful and
universal phenomenon of modern life is not capitalism, but science and technology and
capitalism is only it’s by product.”
-Mechanisation brings changes in the economic structure and relations. This leads to a
change in old values, norms and ideals. Technology brings about changes in the physical
environment and the material culture of each society which in turn gives birth to social
change.

12. SOCIAL CHANGE
LANGUAGE TRANSITION: CONYO

13. WHAT IS CONYO?
• Conyo is considered as a language or accent done by
high-class or “rich” teens.
• It is the combination of English and Filipino language.
• It was said to be developed when celebrities adapted
this style, whereas the mass imitated them.

14. INTERVIEW
•Kristina Lawrence Estrada
•16 years old
•Studies at Centro Escolar
University

15. INTERVIEW
• “Did you ever notice the transition of
your language when you went to
Manila?”
• “Yes. I spoke Tagalog in Naga, but
when I came here, I usually use the
Bicol language because either my
classmates can’t understand what
I’m saying or I miss Bicol.”

16. INTERVIEW
• “Do you admit that you speak
conyo?”
• “Yes, I admit it. However I use it for
means of communication to my
classmates in Manila.

17. INTERVIEW
• “Do you feel like you’re not part of the
society in Manila? How about in
Bicol?”
• “I feel I’m more part of the Bicol
society than the Manila society
because I had the sudden urge to
boast my origin (Bicol).”

18. INTERVIEW
• “Did you ever notice the transition of
your language when you went to
Manila?”
• “Yes. I spoke Tagalog in Naga, but
when I came here, I usually use the
Bicol language because either my
classmates can’t understand what
I’m saying or I miss Bicol.”

19. CONCLUSION
• The conyo language is developed by famous personalities in
the Philippines.
• The conyo language is used for necessary communication
and trendy adaptation.
• Most people from provinces still tend to speak their dialects.

20. WHAT’S A JEJEMON?
• A jejemon is a pop culture phenomenon in the Philippines.
• He/she is a person who have managed to convert the English language to the point of
nothing.
• The Philippine inquirer says that the jejemons are the “New Jologs” or the “New Breed
of Hipsters” who have developed their own language and also the way they write.

21. THE JOLOGS

22. ORIGIN OF THE JEJEMON
• The origins of short-handed typing was through the short messaging service, in which each
text message sent by a cellphone is limited to 160 characters, founded by Carlo Legaspi.
• As a result, an "SMS language" developed in which words were shortened in order to fit
within the limit. Some jejemons are not really "conserving" characters; instead, they prefer
to lengthen their message.
• On April 14, 2010, on a Pinoy Tumblr, a post about vice presidential candidate Jejomar
Binay indicated that he was the Jejemon's preferred vice presidential candidate, complete
with a fake poster with him called as "Jejemon Binay.”

23. ETYMOLOGY
• The word Jejemon supposedly originated from online users' penchant to type in
"hehehe" as "jejeje", either because "jeje" is derived from Spanish usage of "j", whose
speakers denote the interjection as laughter, or because the letters "h" and "j" are
beside each other, and that it is appended by "-mon" that came from the Japanese
anime Pokemon, with “-mon” meant as “monster” hence "jeje monsters.”

24. DEMOGRAPHY
• The Jejemons are said to be the new jologs, a term used for Filipinos of the lower
income class. The parameters of being classified as a Jejemon are still unclear, and
how the different "levels" of "Jejemonism" are reached, although there are named
levels such as "mild," "moderate" and "severe" or "terminal."

25. FOUR TYPES OF JEJEMON
1. MILD – eOw pU. mxTah poeh.
2. MODERATE- w0w pFoW nAh m1sZ pFou qtaH. MwaHxx1!
3. SEVER – 3ow Po3w!..an0h pOeh gWa U?,,.TxT nah lern po3h za giZing pFa!..,,
4. TERMINAL – …3ow p03gh,,, mh3n4 p!1p0l!..nUa m1sXcz q0uH pF0ou k4u!....

26. EXAMPLES
READ IT IF YOU WANT TO
• iMiszqcKyuH – means "I miss you”
• eEoW pFhUeEhsxz – means "hi/hello"aQ
• aQcKuHh – means "me/ako"kEo – means "kayo/you(pl.)”
• pfHoE / ph0w – "po (word that makes the sentence polite)”
• uZtaH? – means "kumusta/how are you?”
• lAbqCkyOuHh – means "I love you”
• yuHh – means "you”
• jeJejE – a variation of jAjaJa; conveys sly laughter4arthiclexsz mouh?- means "where's
your article?”
• Mha6PfaZsxa Qka nAh!- means "pass it now!"

27. USEFULNESS:
MERON PALA TNGINA
• IT and information security experts have found a certain usefulness of "jejetyping" in
the creation of strong passwords for user logins.

28. THE DECREASE OF NUMBER
Y333333XZCX! S4L4M4T. WL4 N4H
XCILA
• From early 2013 onwards, with the rise of smartphones which began to overtake
feature phones in terms of sales in the country, the phenomenon seems to have made
a gradual decline in mainstream popularity.

29. THE FASHION

30. IT LOOKS LIKE AN OVERSIZED
HANDKERCHIEF

31. LOOK AT THOSE SHOES. I THINK THEY JUST
WANNA BECOME KUNG FU MASTERS JUST
LIKE THIS GUY ON THE NEXT SLIDE

32. THIS IS FINE. AND IT LOOKS GREAT.
HAHA.

33. FASHION POLICE YOU SAY? NO.
I JUST HATE THE IDIOCY ON HOW THEY
LOOK BECAUSE I REGRET THAT I WAS
ALMOST BECAME ONE OF THEM.

34. THANK YOU.