2. The
manufacturing
of
Sewing
Machine
was
a
very
gradual
inven8ve
step
that
spanned
over
an
exorbitant
amount
of
8me.
By
the
year
1900
over
20
million
sewing
machines
a
year
were
being
produced
from
factories
all
over
the
world.
No
single
inven8on
was
as
eagerly
accepted
by
people
in
all
parts
of
the
planet
as
the
humble
sewing
machine.
History
3. Archaeologists
have
discovered
bone
needles
with
eyes,
used
to
sew
together
skins
and
furs,
da8ng
back
to
as
long
as
20,000
years.
A
sewing
set
along
with
thimble
was
found
by
Chinese
Archeologists
in
the
tomb
of
a
minor
official
of
the
Han
Dynasty
(202
BC-‐AD
220).
The
earliest
known
sewing
needles
made
of
iron
come
from
the
Cel8c
hill
fort
at
Manching,
Germany,
and
date
to
the
third
century
BC.
4. 1755
–
Karl
Weisenthal,
a
German
inventor,
devised
the
first
sewing
macine
needle,
but
did
not
produce
a
complete
machine.
1790
–
Thomas
Saint,
a
Bri8sh
inventor,
invented
and
patented
the
first
workable
sewing
machine.
Designed
to
sew
leather
and
canvas,
mainly
on
boots,
used
only
a
single
thread
and
formed
a
chain
s8tch.
It
never
progressed
beyond
the
patent
model
stage
but
s8ll
overlooked
the
Weisenthal
needle
design.
1814
–
Josef
Madersperger,
Austrian
inventor
introduced
the
first
working
model
of
a
chain
s8tch
machine
with
single
thread
5. 1830
–
Barthelemy
Thimonnier
patented
the
first
prac8cal
sewing
machine
which
produced
a
chain
s8tch
as
well
similar
to
Saint’s.
By
1841,
eighty
of
his
machines
were
being
used
to
sew
uniforms
for
the
French
army.
However,
his
factory
was
destroyed
by
a
mob
of
tailors,
who
saw
the
new
machines
as
a
threat
to
their
livelihood.
1834
–
Walter
Hunt
came
up
with
the
earliest
idea
for
a
double-‐thread
sewing
machine
which
used
a
reciproca8ng
eye-‐pointed
needle
which
worked
in
combina8on
with
a
shuYle
carrying
a
second
needle
thus
making
an
interlocked
s8tch
comparable
to
that
of
modern
machines.
He
abandoned
the
project,
however,
convinced
that
his
inven8on
would
throw
impoverished
seamstresses
out
of
work.
None
of
these
machines
presented
any
real
compe88on
to
hand-‐sewing.
6. 1846
–
Elias
Howe
patented
a
sewing
machine.
This
lock
s8tch
machine
could
sew
nothing
but
straight
seams,
which
could
not
be
longer
than
the
basing
plate
which
made
it
a
commercial
failure.
However,
sewing
machines
were
being
sold
by
many
manufacturers
later,
all
infringing
on
some
part
of
his
1846
patent
in
just
a
maYer
of
years.
1851
–
Issac
M.
Singer,
one
of
the
many
infringers
was
able
to
make
a
real
breakthrough
by
subs8tu8ng
various
parts
of
Howe’s
machine
and
introducing
many
u8litarian
components
of
his
own
such
as
the
rigid
arm
that
held
the
ver8cal
presser
foot
and
the
needle
bar
in
posi8on
over
a
table
which
provided
support
to
the
cloth
in
place
of
a
feed
bar.
The
hand
crank
was
also
subs8tuted
for
a
foot
treadle.
Before
this,
all
machines
employed
an
overhanging
arm
that
held
the
needle
directly
and
vibrated
with
it.
8. Popular
Variants
John
Lewis
Mini
Sewing
Machine
Available
in
a
range
of
funky
colours,
this
is
just
the
8cket
for
light
and
medium
fabrics
and
everyday
jobs
such
as
adjus8ng
cuffs
and
trousers.
Brother
Innov-‐is
10
This
is
the
ideal
machine
for
beginners.
There's
a
built-‐in
needle
threader,
back-‐lit
LCD
screen,
easy-‐to-‐use
digital
controls
and
16
s8tches
9. Popular
Variants
Bernina
800DL
An
over
locker
is
ideal
for
edging,
hemming
or
seaming.
Bernina's
800DL
model
does
the
job
with
easy-‐to-‐access
controls
and
standout
features
such
as
a
built-‐in
rolled
hemmer
and
quick
looper-‐threader
Elna
6200
Get
cragy
with
the
Elna
6200,
which
has
been
designed
with
decora8ve
embroidery
for
the
home
in
mind.
Featuring
60
s8tches,
including
four
one-‐step
buYonholes,
sa8n,
cross
and
heirloom,
this
has
useful
side
storage
too.
10. Janome
525S
Both
Which?
magazine
and
sewmag.co.uk
rate
this
machine
as
outstanding.
It's
a
lightweight
machine
with
oodles
of
great
features,
notably
the
top-‐loading
jam-‐proof
bobbin
system
and
conver8ble
free-‐arm
for
circular
sewing.
Janome
Horizon
If
you're
itching
to
start
an
ambi8ous
sewing
project
such
as
a
large
quilt
or
bridal
gown
and
money
is
no
object,
the
Horizon
is
for
you.
It
boasts
all
the
bells
and
whistles,
including
an
arm
space
of
28cm
and
speeds
of
up
to
1,000
s8tches
per
minute.
11. Argos
2575
This
computerised
machine
is
a
steal
at
£200.
Boas8ng
75
automa8c
s8tches,
two
needle
posi8ons
and
50
waYs,
it's
easy
to
use
and
covers
most
needs
Easy
S8tch
If
you're
skint,
but
want
something
cheap
and
simple
for
repairing
clothes,
sog
furnishings
and
adding
personal
touches
to
children's
clothes,
this
is
a
good
bet
12.
Singer
Tradi8on
2250NT
Singer's
name
is
as
synonymous
with
sewing
machines
as
Hoover's
is
with
vacuum
cleaners.
This
is
a
high-‐quality,
robust
mechanical
machine
in
an
aYrac8ve
curvy
design
for
a
bargain
price.
Husqvarna
Emerald
116
Crea8ve
sewing
workshops,
including
the
famous
Makery,
say
this
machine
is
hard
to
beat
when
it
comes
to
ease
of
use,
reliability
and
good
value.
It
includes
a
built-‐in
needle
threader,
hard
cover
for
storage
and
a
one-‐
step
buYonhole.
13. • Development
for
factory
use
revolu8onised
the
shoe
and
garment
industry.
• Domes8c
and
small
scale
produc8on
got
converted
to
mass
produc8on
on
a
very
large
scale.
• Automa8on
was
introduced.
• Produc8on
increased
and
the
Prices
of
commodi8es
fell.
• Manual
Labour
was
subs8tuted.
• Resulted
into
unemployment
during
the
Industrial
Revolu8on.
• Establishment
of
work
place
standards
by
the
governments
to
ease
the
social
unrest
created
by
worker’s
unions
etc.
• Reduc8on
in
produc8on
8me
by
about
10
8mes.
• Disappearance
of
Hired
help
trend.
Impact
14. FUTURE FEATURES
• Some
models
are
aimed
at
garment
sewers,
quilters
or
embroidery
makers.
• A
ver8cal
bobbin
that
can
handle
the
heavier
threads
used
in
embroidery.
• A
solid-‐state
electrical
foot
control
that
will
allow
the
needle
to
go
through
thick
seams
easily.
• Touch-‐screen
controls
of
the
machines.
• Sensors
that
adjust
to
various
fabric
thicknesses.
• Screens
that
offer
three-‐dimensional
views
of
designs.
• LED
lights
illumina8ng
the
needle
and
USB
data
ports.
• Machines
with
NeedleCams
to
monitor
the
embroidery
field
from
the
needle’s
point
of
view.
