Introductions Internet Benefits Pitfalls

2. I N T E R N E T
1 | P a g e
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION______________________________________________________________ 2
INTERNET____________________________________________________________________ 2
History & Development of the Internet _______________________________________ 3
Internet Timeline ___________________________________________________________ 4
Uses of Internet _______________________________________________________________ 9
Personal Usage of Internet___________________________________________________ 10
Good Influences & Bad Influences ___________________________________________ 10
Good Influences____________________________________________________________ 10
➢ It is easier to do research _______________________________________________ 10
➢ Communication with family, friends and relatives is faster_________________ 11
➢ Easy tool to communicate _______________________________________________ 11
➢ Personal identity_______________________________________________________ 11
➢ Control________________________________________________________________ 11
➢ Entertainment_________________________________________________________ 12
➢ Informed purchasing decisions __________________________________________ 12
➢ Always get the latest information________________________________________ 12
➢ Business support_______________________________________________________ 12
➢ Saving money__________________________________________________________ 12
➢ Saves time and effort ___________________________________________________ 12
➢ Getting access to some of the best websites _______________________________ 13
Bad Influences _____________________________________________________________ 13
➢ Lack of Face to Face Communication ____________________________________ 13
➢ Lack of Creativity ______________________________________________________ 13
➢ Cyber Bullying_________________________________________________________ 14
➢ Waste of Time _________________________________________________________ 14
➢ Abandonment of Family ________________________________________________ 15
Comment and Conclusion ____________________________________________________ 15

3. I N T E R N E T
2 | P a g e
INTRODUCTION
In the present age of information Technology, use of Internet is becoming
quite popular for accessing information on any topic of your interest. It also
provides tremendous opportunities to students, researchers and professionals
for getting information on matters related to academic and professional topics
and lot more. In the present world, most of the people who have computers
around themselves use Internet to access information from the World Wide
Web, exchange messages & documents and e-services.
INTERNET
The Internet links are computer networks all over the world so that users
can share resources and communicate with each other. Some computers, have
direct access to all the facilities on the Internet such as the universities. And
other computers, privately-owned ones, have indirect links through a
commercial service provider, who offers some or all of the Internet facilities. In
order to be connected to Internet, you must go through service suppliers. Many
options are offered with monthly rates. Depending on the option chosen, access
time may vary.
The Internet is what we call a metanetwork, that is, a network of networks that
spans the globe. It's impossible to give an exact count of the number of networks
or users that comprise the Internet, but it is easily in the thousands and millions
respectively. The Internet employs a set of standardized protocols which allow
for the sharing of resources among different kinds of computers that
communicate with each other on the network. These standards, sometimes
referred to as the Internet Protocol Suite, are the rules that developers adhere
to when creating new functions for the Internet.

4. I N T E R N E T
3 | P a g e
The Internet is also what we call a distributed system; there is no central
archives. Technically, no one runs the Internet. Rather, the Internet is made up
of thousands of smaller networks. The Internet thrives and develops as its many
users find new ways to create, display and retrieve the information that
constitutes the Internet.
History & Development of the Internet
In its infancy, the Internet was originally conceived by the Department of
Defense as a way to protect government communications systems in the event
of a military strike. The original network, dubbed ARPANet (for the Advanced
Research Projects Agency that developed it) evolved into a communications
channel among contractors, military personnel, and university researchers who
were contributing to ARPA projects.
The network employed a set of standard protocols to create an effective way for
these people to communicate and share data with each other.
ARPAnet's popularity continued to spread among researchers, and in the 1980's
the National Science Foundation, whose NSFNet, linked several high-speed
computers, took charge of the what had come to be known as the Internet.
By the late 1980's, thousands of cooperating networks were participating in the
Internet.
In 1991, the U.S. High Performance Computing Act established the NREN
(National Research & Education Network). NREN's goal was to develop and
maintain high-speed networks for research and education, and to investigate
commercial uses for the Internet.
The rest, as they say, is history in the making. The Internet has been improved
through the developments of such services as Gopher and the World Wide Web.

5. I N T E R N E T
4 | P a g e
Even though the Internet is predominantly thought of as a research-oriented
network, it continues to grow as an informational, creative, and commercial
resource every day and all over the world.
Internet Timeline
• 1957 – USSR launches Sputnik into space. In response, the USA
creates the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) with the
mission of becoming the leading force in science and new technologies.
• 1962 – J.C.R. Licklider of MIT proposes the concept of a “Galactic
Network.” For the first-time ideas about a global network of
computers are introduced. J.C.R. Licklider is later chosen to head
ARPA's research efforts.
• 1962 - Paul Baran, a member of the RAND Corporation, determines a
way for the Air Force to control bombers and missiles in case of a
nuclear event. His results call for a decentralized network comprised
of packet switches.
• 1968 - ARPA contracts out work to BBN. BBN is called upon to build
the first switch.
• 1969 – RPANET created - BBN creates the first switched network by
linking four different nodes in California and Utah; one at the
University of Utah, one at the University of California at Santa Barbara,
one at Stanford and one at the University of California at Los Angeles.
• 1972 - Ray Tomlinson working for BBN creates the first program
devoted to email.
• 1972 - ARPA officially changes its name to DARPA Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency.
• 1972 - Network Control Protocol is introduced to allow computers

6. I N T E R N E T
5 | P a g e
running on the same network to communicate with each other.
• 1973 - Vinton Cerf working from Stanford and Bob Kahn from DARPA
begin work developing TCP/IP to allow computers on different
networks to communicate with each other.
• 1974 - Kahn and Cerf refer to the system as the Internet for the first
time.
• 1976 - Ethernet is developed by Dr. Robert M. Metcalfe.
• 1976 – SATNET, a satellite program is developed to link the United
States and Europe. Satellites are owned by a consortium of nations,
thereby expanding the reach of the Internet beyond the USA.
• 1976 – Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom, sends out an email
on 26 March from the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment (RSRE)
in Malvern.
• 1976 - AT& T Bell Labs develops UUCP and UNIX.
• 1979 - USENET, the first news group network is developed by Tom
Truscott, Jim Ellis and Steve Bellovin.
• 1979 - IBM introduces BITNET to work on emails and listserv
systems.
• 1981 - The National Science Foundation releases CSNET 56 to allow
computers to network without being connected to the government
networks.
• 1983 - Internet Activities Board released.
• 1983 - TCP/IP becomes the standard for internet protocol.
• 1983 - Domain Name System introduced to allow domain names to
automatically be assigned an IP number.
• 1984 - MCI creates T1 lines to allow for faster transportation of

7. I N T E R N E T
6 | P a g e
information over the internet.
• 1984- The number of Hosts breaks 1,000
• 1985- 100 years to the day of the last spike being driven on the
Canadian Pacific Railway, the last Canadian university was connected
to NetNorth in a one-year effort to have coast-to-coast connectivity
• 1987 - The new network CREN forms.
• 1987- The number of hosts breaks 10,000
• 1988 - Traffic rises and plans are to find a new replacement for the T1
lines.
• 1989- The Number of hosts breaks 100 000
• 1989- Arpanet ceases to exist
• 1990 - Advanced Network & Services (ANS) forms to research new
ways to make internet speeds even faster. The group develops the T3
line and installs in on a number of networks.
• 1990 - A hypertext system is created and implemented by Tim
Berners-Lee while working for CERN.
• 1990- The first search engine is created by McGill University, called
the Archie Search Engine
• 1991- U.S green-light for commercial enterprise to take place on the
Internet
• 1991 - The National Science Foundation (NSF) creates the National
Research and Education Network (NREN).
• 1991 - CERN releases the World Wide Web publicly on August 6th,
1991
• 1992 – The Internet Society (ISOC) is chartered
• 1992- Number of hosts breaks 1,000,000

8. I N T E R N E T
7 | P a g e
• 1993 - InterNIC released to provide general services, a database and
internet directory.
• 1993- The first web browser, Mosaic (created by NCSA), is released.
Mosaic later becomes the Netscape browser which was the most
popular browser in the mid 1990's.
• 1994 - New networks added frequently.
• 1994 - First internet ordering system created by Pizza Hut.
• 1994 - First internet bank opened: First Virtual.
• 1995 - NSF contracts out their access to four internet providers.
• 1995 - NSF sells domains for a $50 annual fee.
• 1995 – Netscape goes public with 3rd largest ever NASDAQ IPO share
value
• 1995- Registration of domains is no longer free.
• 1996- The WWW browser wars are waged mainly between Microsoft
and Netscape. New versions are released quarterly with the aid of
internet users eager to test new (beta) versions.
• 1996 – Internet2 project is initiated by 34 universities
• 1996 - Internet Service Providers begin appearing such as Sprint and
MCI.
• 1996 - Nokia releases first cell phone with internet access.
• 1997- (Arin) is established to handle administration and registration
of IP numbers, now handled by Network Solutions (IinterNic)
• 1998- Netscape releases source code for Navigator.
• 1998-Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
(ICANN) created to be able to oversee a number of Internet-related
tasks

9. I N T E R N E T
8 | P a g e
• 1999 - A wireless technology called 802.11b, more commonly
referred to as Wi-Fi, is standardized.
• 2000- The dot com bubble bursts, numerically, on March 10, 2000,
when the technology heavy NASDAQ composite index peaked at
5,048.62
• 2001 - Blackberry releases first internet cell phone in the United
States.
• 2001 – The spread of P2P file sharing across the Internet
• 2002 -Internet2 now has 200 university, 60 corporate and 40 affiliate
members
• 2003- The French Ministry of Culture bans the use of the word "e-
mail" by government ministries, and adopts the use of the more
French sounding "courriel"
• 2004 – The Term Web 2.0 rises in popularity when O'Reilly and
MediaLive host the first Web 2.0 conference.
• 2004- Mydoom, the fastest ever spreading email computer worm is
released. Estimated 1 in 12 emails are infected.
• 2005- Estonia offers Internet Voting nationally for local elections
• 2005-Youtube launches
• 2006- There are an estimated 92 million websites online
• 2006 – Zimbabwe's internet access is almost completely cut off after
international satellite communications provider Intelsat cuts service
for non-payment
• 2006- Internet2 announced a partnership with Level 3
Communications to launch a brand new nationwide network, boosting
its capacity from 10Gbps to 100Gbps

10. I N T E R N E T
9 | P a g e
• 2007- Internet2 officially retires Abilene and now refers to its new,
higher capacity network as the Internet2 Network
• 2008- Google index reaches 1 Trillion URLs
• 2008 – NASA successfully tests the first deep space communications
network modeled on the Internet. Using software called Disruption-
Tolerant Networking, or DTN, dozens of space images are transmitted
to and from a NASA science spacecraft located about more than 32
million kilometers from Earth
• 2009 – ICANN gains autonomy from the U.S government
• 2010- Facebook announces in February that it has 400 million active
users.
• 2010 – The U.S House of Representatives passes the Cybersecurity
Enhancement Act (H.R. 4061)
• 2012 - A major online protest shook up U.S. Congressional support for
two anti-Web piracy bills - the Stop Online Piracy Act in the House and
the Protect IP Act in the Senate. Many in the tech industry are
concerned that the bills will give media companies too much power to
shut down websites.
Uses of Internet
Internet has been the most useful technology of the modern times
which helps us not only in our daily lives, but also our personal and
professional lives developments. The internet helps us achieve this in
several different ways.
For the students and educational purposes, the internet is widely used to
gather information so as to do the research or add to the knowledge of
various subjects. Even the business professionals and the professionals

11. I N T E R N E T
10 | P a g e
like doctors, access the internet to filter the necessary information for their
use. The internet is therefore the largest encyclopedia for everyone, in all
age categories. The internet has served to be more useful in maintaining
contacts with friends and relatives who live abroad permanently.
Personal Usage of Internet
Internet is often used by me. Especially when assignment or any
homework given I am used to access internet and search many things.
Normally I use internet for 2 or 3 hours daily and 500mb good enough for
day.
When I am using internet, my purpose is to enhance my knowledge
therefore I always access useful websites especially new technology-
based websites. Spending leisure time with internet so funny because of
the social media. It helps to reduce our stress and share our knowledge
with other. But it is better to use internet only for education purposes
because time wasting is not so good.
I use internet for chatting with my friends.
Good Influences & Bad Influences
Good Influences
➢ It is easier to do research
Before electronic means of gathering information, students or researchers
needed to pay a visit to libraries to access materials relevant to their research
topics. Nowadays, it will take just a subscription to a journal online or just
browsing online to search for literature required to develop one’s conceptual
framework. Preparing the review of literature is easier and faster. Thus, more
research gets published and knowledge generation is greatly facilitated.

12. I N T E R N E T
11 | P a g e
As time moves on, there is more and more information that is put onto the
internet, and this information is added to daily. People can now review medical
studies, medical articles, business articles, scientific articles, hobbies, videos,
and find the answer to about any topic. In addition, we can all watch TV shows,
movies, music videos, podcasts from all sources, watch sporting events, keep
up with sport scores, and even talk with your doctor or boss right on the internet.
For those looking for a new job, the internet is great to research companies and
job offers, plus applying for a new job.
➢ Communication with family, friends and relatives is faster
Gone are the homesick days because a son or daughter can now easily
contact their parents online. Services such as that of Skype and Gmail enable
a loved one to communicate with another in almost any part of the globe
where internet services are available.
It is now common for kids at college to communicate with their parents every
day. Keep up with relatives after they move to another state and talk to them
easily with Skype. Moving away from the home town can be stressful but
being able to keep up with relatives all over the country and world, makes it as
if you never left. Send pictures, emails and face to face communication makes
moving away from home much easier to keep in contact.
➢ Easy tool to communicate
with friends, family, and business partners around the world very promptly and
(almost) free of charge. You can also create folders and save all the
communication for future reference (very beneficial in business).
➢ Personal identity
For being able to have my own identity online (domain name, e-mail, and web
space). I have reserved my own domain name, my family's domain name and
many others.
➢ Control
You are in a position to choose what you want to see, where, when and for
how long.

13. I N T E R N E T
12 | P a g e
➢ Entertainment
I like reading those funny e-mails from friends. Now you can make all your
friends around the world laugh. Even if you are not good at cracking jokes,
you can simply download them from
the internet and forward them to your friends.
➢ Informed purchasing decisions
You can find information on almost any product and service. You can read
reviews, see ratings and read actual consumer feedback and make informed
decisions.
➢ Always get the latest information
For being able to read latest news and gain knowledge about the latest
products within minutes of
their release.
➢ Business support
For being able to find up-to-date information and know-how on any topic. For
example, when I wanted to select a PR company, the American PR
Association had articles on how to select the best PR company for your
business. And it worked perfectly.
➢ Saving money
I used some award-winning designers from Chile, USA and Romania for a
project for a fraction of the cost of using an overpriced regional design firm
(which had also bid for the project).
➢ Saves time and effort
Using e-banking and e-government saves considerable time and effort which
gives you more time for you and your family to pursue hobbies.

14. I N T E R N E T
13 | P a g e
➢ Getting access to some of the best websites
I have some favorite websites which I often refer to for work or leisure. These
come in handy when looking for something on the web.
Bad Influences
➢ Lack of Face to Face Communication
It sounds quite ironic when the lack of face to face communication is
mentioned as one of the negative effects of Internet because the Internet is
supposed to bring people closer. But the fact is that somehow many people
find it easier to communicate through the Internet instead of the traditional
direct way. They prefer to discuss over Messenger, Viber or other apps
available on the Internet. The idea of taking face to face is becoming a tough
decision. Research issued in the International Journal of Organizational
Design and Engineering has stated that the face to face communication in
teamwork helps people build mutual trust, creative and provide a higher
result. To know more information, please click at: How 20 Interpersonal
communication skills, activities, and strategies
When teenagers and students and tend to choose Internet communication
and avoid talking directly, their personal relationships with friends and family
will be affected. According to The Washington Post survey and its result,
about 6% of participants replied that their relationships got hurt as a
consequence of excessive Internet use. It is believed that some people who
prefer online chatting because it somehow separates them from the real
world.
➢ Lack of Creativity
The lack of creativity in teenagers and students is also another one of
negative effects of Internet rooting from its benefits. One significant feature of
Internet is the unlimited sources of information. This feature benefits users by
quick access to needed info at ease. However, when everything is available,
there is no need for creativity. Students now don’t have to pay much effort on
their assignment or project because they only need a few minutes to get all

15. I N T E R N E T
14 | P a g e
information they need from the Internet then copy paste into their work. This
problem is a warning for the increase in plagiarism, leading to the lack of
creativity. When this habit happens several times, these young people will be
dependent on the Internet to finish their studying. The same situation happens
to not only students but also to users at any age. Things get easier in a way
that it becomes a hindrance for learning and creativity.
➢ Cyber Bullying
Cyber bullying is basically a term to describe the bullying using the Internet.
This disadvantage can be considered as one of the evilest negative effects of
Internet. It is never easier for haters to give ugly words toward a person.
Celebrities or some kinds of people in protected class are often the victims of
cyber bullying. This type of harassment is safer and easier than physical
bullying because there is hardly any regulation or law to control the problems.
Victims of cyber bullying may feel insulted or embarrassed because of the
wicked comments or opinions. The negative effects will be worse on
teenagers, especially on those who are in puberty with all the vulnerability and
sensitiveness. There is a positive relationship proved between cyber bullying
and suicidal attempts by victims. Students are considered to be most bullied
on the Internet. A couple of criticism from teachers or cheating from groups of
friends can drive a student insane and finally to suicide. Therefore, it is
important to be aware of these negative effects of Internet in advance.
➢ Waste of Time
It will be a mistake to forget the waste of time when it comes to the negative
effects of Internet. The Washington Post revealed that 9% attempted to hide
“nonessential Internet use.” In addition, Stanford University also conducted a
study showing that 12.4 percent of participants stayed online for a longer time
than they intended very often. It is obvious that if you spend too much time on
the Internet, you will have to cut down on time for other activities. As an
infinite storage of entertainment, the Internet is somehow similar to the black
hole that leaves no way to get out. A lot of students and teenagers spend
most of their time just on watching films, surfing Facebook and playing games

16. I N T E R N E T
15 | P a g e
instead of learning or doing other meaningful activities. If the original purpose
of Internet was to help students and teenagers work more efficiently, it now
makes them do no work at all. Especially for students, the explorations and
advancement of Internet turn it into a promising distraction. As the result, their
academic result goes down gradually while the electronic bill payment keeps
increasing.
➢ Abandonment of Family
The excessive using of anything always creates side effects. The Internet is
not an exception. When students and teenagers use of Internet is too much,
the abandonment of family will occur as one of the negative effects of Internet.
The tragedy of a couple in Korea will be the most appropriate example for this
effect because they were so busy with their virtual baby and forget about their
real baby. Finally, this poor baby died of hunger and of the abandonment of
his parents. When people spend most of their time on surfing the Internet,
they become insensitive to the real life and people around them, including
members of their own family. Obviously, the original purpose of parents when
they equip their children with the Internet is to open a door to the new world,
not to close themselves in a fiction planet without family. For many students,
the Internet is the only friend they have. The time for family, for parents is
replaced by hours of Internet browsing. They ignore the family and hesitate to
talk or interact with other members.
Comment and Conclusion
Internet is like a double-edged sword which can be used for both positive
and negative purposes. We can’t imagine our world now a day without mobiles
and internet. They mingled with our daily life very much and they are
inseparable from us. Use internet in the positive way and it will become the best
mentor.
Every new technology comes with both positive and negative effects, and
it is up to us as a society to decide if the positives outweigh the negatives.