1. PROJECT ON
DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
Submitted To:
P rof. SHAHID KARAMAT
Project On:
METRO CASH and CARRY
Submitted By:
SALMA BASHIR 126
SANA KHALID 127
NASIBA WARIS 139
SAMEERA 1542
SOBIA IKHLAQ 1548
KIRAN ZAHRA 1550
SABA KHURSHED 1541
Section: “C” (Morning)
Semester 6th
2. Acknowledgement
We are grateful to Allah almighty, for enabling us to fulfill this tiring, but interesting job
for the completion of our project.
We would not be going to do justice in presenting our work without mentioning the
people around us who have been inextricably related with the completion of this task.
We would like to express our heart felt thanks to our course instructor Prof. Shahid for
his support and guidance, which he rendered through out the study. It could not have
been possible to accomplish this without his thoughtful guidance and expertise.
We would also like to thank the management of METRO CASH AND CARRY for
permitting us to conduct the interviews from their I.T department and for supporting us in
the whole procedure.
Finally, for any all too fallible errors, omissions and shortcomings in the writing of the
report only we are responsible for which we hope that all concerning regards of this
report will forgive us.
3. SYNOPSIS:
METRO Cash & Carry – this name stands for one of the great success stories in modern
commerce. A wholesale departmental store having two branches working in major cities
of Pakistan.
The unique wholesale business-to-business model of METRO Cash & Carry is focused
only towards professional customers such as hotels, restaurant, and caterers as well as
small and mid-sized retailers. METRO Cash & Carry offers this target group a greater
efficiency than the multilayered supply chain thus helping them to improve their
business: By offering them a one-stop solution for their purchases, by helping them to
improve their assortment, by offering them high quality products at reasonable and
transparent prices and by offering them a consistent supply source.
The chief interest of our study is I.T department. So we have paid special attention on its
networking, methods, technology, record keeping and other aspects of I.T department.
The software used by the company is enough to meet the needs of the company’s set up.
We observed the role of I.T department in the working of METRO Cash and Carry, the
method of training of there staff, METRO customers and so fourth. The company’s
management is paying special attention to keep its technology up to date and hiring
employees who are proficient in dealing with it. However the company’s data base is user
friendly, even then, the company gives training to its employees with regular intervals.
The department we have taken into consideration is paying a very important role in the
success and development of METRO Cash and Carry. The people working in this
department are highly skilled and trained. People from different countries come to give
training to the employees. The prices of the products at metro are affordable and wide
variety of products is available as well.
4. Company’s profile:
METRO Cash & Carry is a reliable partner for more than 20 million professional
customers worldwide. It gives them a clear competitive advantage in their own markets.
Professionals can purchase everything they need to run their business: A restaurant
owner, for example, can buy food like fish or vegetables as well as kitchen equipment
and office supplies.
METRO Cash & Carry offers an exceptionally wide range of high-quality products under
one roof. Depending on the size and type of wholesale center, the assortment includes up
to 20,000 items in the food range and 30,000 items in the nonfood sector. As the name
implies, METRO Cash & Carry customers select their own items and take them with
them to their restaurants and shops. With this unique business-to-business concept, the
company has grown to become a leading international player in self-service wholesale.
After its success in Lahore, METRO Cash & Carry Pakistan (Pvt.) Ltd. opened its second
wholesale center located in Islamabad on 3rd April, 2008.
Locations:
Lahore: Thokar Niaz Baig, Multan Road
Islamabad: Sector I-11/4, Near Railway Carriage Factory
Company’s hierarchy:
• Managing director
• Director(operation)
• Director(administration)
• Director(food)
• Director(non-food)
• Managerial staff
• Other employees
5. METRO CASH AND CARRY
PAKISTAN Pvt. Ltd.
History:
METRO Cash & Carry was founded in 1964 with the first store opening in the German
city of Mulheim an der Ruhr. METRO Cash & Carry is defined as a wholesaler because
of the type of its customer base: exclusively professionals and businesses are allowed to
purchase at METRO Cash & Carry centers. The “cash & carry” concept works on a
principle where customers select their merchandize at the store, pay in cash and transport
it themselves. This revolutionary sales concept is geared towards the specific needs of
commercial customers and is the backbone of the company.
In 2004, its jubilee year, METRO Cash & Carry International alone succeeded in
increasing its revenues by 5.4 percent. This enabled METRO Cash & Carry to emerge as
the biggest sales division of METRO Group, the third largest retailer worldwide. Today,
METRO Cash & Carry is one of the largest international wholesale companies in the
world, operating more than 600 outlets in 30 countries. METRO offers a high-quality
assortment of products, ranging between 20,000 and 50,000 items, all under one roof.
The entire range offers an excellent price-to-benefit ratio.
10 METRO Cash & Carry principles:
The success of the company is based on the following principles:
• Focus on professional customers
• One-stop shopping
• Efficient store concept designed for professional needs
• Advanced customer service
• Enhanced customers’ competitiveness
• Excellence in supply chain and quality management
• Strengthening of local suppliers
• Development of national infrastructures
• Career opportunities.
• Internationally, transferable concept
6. Introduction
METRO in Pakistan:
METRO Cash & Carry announced its operations in Pakistan in January 2006. Since then,
it has established itself as a potential market leader in wholesale. METRO is an
international modern wholesaler offering a mix of food and non-food products to its
registered card-holding customers through a national network of cash and carry outlets.
This concept offers a wholesale solution to professional business needs.
Under the supervision of Managing Director Mr. Giovanni Soranzo, METRO Cash &
Carry Pakistan has opened its first store in the city of Lahore in October 2007.
The company’s country head office is also based in Lahore and currently employs over
400 people in two offices. METRO Cash & Carry plans to invest in Pakistan on a
sustained and reliable basis in the years to come. The company’s unique business model
offers potential for a decrease in market prices and promotion of local goods and
personnel.
Mission statement:
METRO Cash & Carry, international market leader in self-service wholesale, plans its
market entry into Pakistan. With this move, the retailer would expand both its
international presence and its activities in the important growth region Asia.
The goal of Supply Chain at Metro is to efficiently handle thousands of orders, shipments
and deliveries and ensure that goods arrive at the right place at the right time. Supply
Chain Management plays an important role in our high-performance logistics system and
enhances our capacity to supply food and non-food products on a daily basis with
consistent high quality, diversity and freshness. For the first time in Pakistan, Metro Cash
& Carry offers a platform for Fruit & Vegetables equipped with modern accessories for
product processing. This ensures hygienic, temperature-controlled, clean and packed fruit
and vegetables as per international standards of Hazard Analysis of Critical Control
Points (HACCP).
If all pre-conditions are met, the first METRO Cash & Carry store in Pakistan could be in
operation late 2007. Pakistan would then become the 31st country where the METRO
Group is active and the company’s 5th Asian location after China, Japan, Vietnam and
India.
With this move, METRO Cash & Carry would further solidify its position as one of the
world’s most international retailers.
METRO Cash & Carry’s business concept of self-service wholesale will in particular
benefit small and medium-sized businesses from the restaurant, retail and service sector
which will be offered a comprehensive and high-quality product assortment at favorable
wholesale prices. At the same time, METRO Cash & Carry also contributes directly to
the establishment and further development of modern distribution structures. METRO
Group has joined the aid program initiated by President Pervez Musharraf.
METRO and Pakistan is growing together.
7. Facts and figures:
• Metro cash and carry is a whole sale departmental store with two outlets working
in Pakistan.
• There are 600 stores of Metro Group in 30 countries worldwide.
• The competitors of the company are Makro and Car fore.
• The company has a huge house of training in France.
• The head office of the company is in Lahore (Thoker Niaz Baig, Multan road).
• There are 2600 employees in the head office of metro cash and carry.
• There are 200 employees in the I.T department of metro cash and carry.
• The company is looking forward 30 stores in Pakistan.
• The major customers of metro are business entities.
Type of business:
Each store is tailored to address the needs of professional customers. It offers a wholesale
price that leaves the customer room for healthy margins and provides a one-stop-shop for
the customer. It offers following types of items:
> Food
> Non Food
> Own brands.
In the food range, freshness is the first priority. This is guaranteed by the efficient supply-
chain and quality control management they have in-place.
In non-food, they offer only products that are up-to-date in terms of technology and
design, and meet all safety standards.
METRO Cash & Carry Pakistan Wholesale Centers:
Pakistan’s first wholesale center has opened in Lahore in October 2007, followed by a
second store that has recently opened on 3rd April 2008 in Islamabad. This will soon
grow into a network of countrywide METRO Cash & Carry wholesale centers. METRO
Cash & Carry plans Pakistan market entry
First wholesale store has been opened in last quarter of 2007
• Positive business perspective for self-service wholesale
• Strong position in Asia’s growth regions
8. Upcoming projects:
After the success of first two stores in Lahore and Islamabad, the company is planning to
further move on to launch another store in Lahore. Moreover the company has also
started to work on a store in Faisalabad. So the company is trying to cover Punjab first,
and than other areas of Pakistan.
Metro’s image as an employer:
METRO Cash & Carry is the international leading company in self-service wholesale.
For over 40 years, the company has been supporting high-volume commercial customers.
Today the company is represented in 30 countries and offers its commercial customers up
to 50,000 different products (variable from country to country) under one roof.
METRO Cash & Carry employs more than 1000,000 people across the world and in
many regions is among the biggest employers. Qualified, highly-motivated employees
create the foundations needed for successful expansion on an international level and
sustained growth of the wholesaling company. A performance-driven approach, openness
and international outlook are the corporate culture that we practice.
MCC Guiding Principle:
1. Trust and Respect
• everybody's opinion counts
• treat every person the same way
2. Open Door Policy
• avoid organizational barriers
• two-way communication
• encourage change and sharing of ideas
3. Empowerment to Personal Responsibility
• allow people to take risks
• consider "making mistakes" as part of the game
4. Be a Role Model
• demonstrate commitment and enthusiasm
5. Setting Clear Personal Objectives and Tasks
• implement a management-by-objectives concept
6. Recognition and Reward
• consider honest and transparent feedback as a "must"
• reward high performance (not only with money)
7. Team Spirit
• encourage maximum team engagement and knowledge
8. Positive Working Environment
• guarantee a safe and healthy working environment
• encourage innovation and creativity
9. Corporate Social Responsibility
• committed to the principles of social responsibility
10. Department:
The organization we have selected is composed of numerous departments like:
• sales department,
• managing department,
• production department,
• marketing department,
• finance department,
• Information technology department and so on.
Each of these departments works for the growth and success of the company. We
emphasized on the I.T department, because we are mainly concerned with this
department for our project. The department of information technology mainly consists of
4 domain owners, country manager, networking managers and other employees. The
department starts from the country manager followed by network specialist and then
other employees.
The networking managers are serving as building blocks for the whole department
because without networking no one could move up to make this world so closer. This
field is very important to make the world from spread corners to more as global village.
So it's very important in order to link up such a huge setup.
As far as future trends are concerned, the world will be more and closer and the best part
of networking is communication and communication plays a versatile role in making the
lives easier at the doorsteps of the best convenience. The base behind the communication
is networking. Even the internet which is making the whole world together on a single
platform is networking. So the company heavily relies on its networking in order to cater
the whole system. Metro cash and carry has equipped itself with technology required to
cope up with its huge setup. It has a large number of skilled people who are working to
run the operations of the business in an effective way.
Moreover, the company is paying special attention on up date and know how of modern
technology. The company has a separate panel that is responsible for update of new
methods and techniques that are vital for the success of the company and to upgrade of
the I.T department as well as the whole company.
11. Company’s Hierarchy:
Managing
director
Director
(operation)
Director
(administrator)
Director
(Food)
Director
(Non-food)
Managerial Other
staff employees
12. INFORMATION SYSTEM
Information System is the lifeblood of any
organization. So, in making our project on
the METRO CASH and CARRY, we have
taken its I.T System for making the
database. It is very essential for METRO
CASH and CARRY to develop a database
for the maintenance of its customer
records as METRO CASH and CARRY is
using ORACLE, SQL and GMS in order
13. ENTERPRISE DATA MODEL
“The graphical model which shows the high level entities for the organization and
relationships among those entities.”
The enterprise data modal includes the following terms:
ENTITY:
“Entity is a person, object, place or an event for which data is collected and stored.”
Entity Type:
A collection of entities that share common properties or characteristics.
There are two types of Entities in the enterprise data modal. These are:
Strong Entity Type:
An entity type that exist independently of other entity types.
Weak Entity Type:
An entity type whose existence depends on some other entity types.
ATTRIBUTE:
“Property or characteristic of an entity type that is of interest to the organization.”
The attributes are classified into following categories according to their use:
Simple Attribute:
Composed of a single element which cannot be further decomposed.
EXAMPLE:
o Driver’s license number: 345689
o Colorable/green/white
o Gender: male/female
14. o Weight: 89 kg
Identifier Attribute:
An attribute that uniquely identifies individual instances of an entity type.
EXAMPLE:
o National Identity Card #
o Student ID
Composite Attribute:
Attribute which can be broken down into component parts.
EXAMPLE:
o Student number: 00517748/68388891
o Birth date: 14December 1965
o Name: Doug Brigham etc.
Multi valued Attribute:
Attribute which may take on more than one value for a given entity instance.
EXAMPLE:
o Skills
o Qualification
Derived Attribute:
Attributes whose value can be calculated from related attribute values.
EXAMPLE:
o Years of Service
RELATIONSHIP:
15. “A relationship is an association between several entities. Relationships express how
entities are interconnected with each other.”
DEGREE OF RELATIONSHIPS:
Degree of relationships is the number of entity types that participate in it.
Unary relationship:
The relationship between the instances of a single entity type.
Binary relationship:
A relationship between the instances of two entity types.
Ternary relationship:
A simultaneous relationship among the instances of three entity types.
CARDINALITY OF RELATIOSHIP:
The cardinality defines the relationship between the entities in terms of numbers.
ONE to ONE:
Each entity in the relationship will have exactly one related entity.
ONE to MANY:
An entity on one side of the relationship can have many related entities, but
an entity on the other side will have a maximum of one related entity.
MANY to MANY:
Entities on both sides of the relationship can have many related entities on the
other side.
Cardinality Constraint:
The number of instances of one entity that can or must be associated with each
other instance of another entity.
Cardinality can be divided into two categories:
• Minimum Cardinality:
The minimum number of instances of one entity which may be associated with
each instance of another entity.
• Maximum Cardinality:
16. The maximum number of instances of one entity that may be associated with each
instance of another entity.
ENTITY RELATIONSHIP MODEL
Identification of Process:
We have selected the “I.T department” of METRO Cash and Carry for developing
the database since it is the most important section of the company.
Identification of Entities:
After a keen observation on the entire working system of INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY of METRO Cash and Carry, we have identified the following high
level entities:
o Employees
o Customers
o Products record
o Vouchers system
o Security
o Customer satisfaction
o Equipment
o Billing system
o Location
o Visits
o Customer card
17. 1. Employee:
Any person employed as a part of the company staff.
Attributes:
o Employee-ID
o Employee Name
o Designation
o Department
Employee name Employee I.D Designation Department
Ali Aslam 101 Network specialist I.T
Hassan Farooq 102 Manager I.T
Ahsan Munir 103 I.T executive I.T
Junaid Raza 104 Record keeper Administration
Usman Mazher 105 Accountant Accounts
Representation in Model:
Employee
Departmen
Model_No.
Name
I.D Designation
18. 2. Customer:
A person who buys something either on cash or credit basis. He may be internal or
external customer.
Attributes:
o customer-ID
o customer Name
o Address
o Admit-date
Customer name Customer-ID Address Admit-date
Imran Yousaf 04 Lahore 20-03-07
Aslam Rashid 03 Faisalabad 09-01-07
Akber Shahzad 10 Sialkot 28-07-07
Sharafat Ali 07 Gujranwala 05-10-07
Shahid Waseem 04 Islamabad 12-12-07
Representation in Model:
CUSTOMER
Admit-date
Model_No.
Name
I.D Address
19. 3. Product:
It may be in the form of goods or services and is used by customers
Attributes:
o Product Code
o Product Name
o Quantity
o Cost
Product name Product code Quantity Cost
Soap 11-365 199,675 14,657,930
Shoes 11-967 100,455 14,876,000
Garments 11-786 653,000 11,567,893
Electronics 16-785 1,700,000 90,978,000
Beverages 22-323 765,000 10,000,000
Representation in Model:
PRODUCT
Code
Model_No.
Name
Code Quantity
20. 4. Voucher system:
Evidence which serves as a proof of transaction done.
Attributes:
o Voucher number
o Description
o Quantity
Voucher number Description Quantity
1168 Food 10,000,000
1175 Sports items 900,000
2313 Computer system 675,098
8647 Cosmetics 166,075
6489 House holds 568,764
Representation in Model:
VOUCHER
SYSTEM
Model_No.
Number
Quantity
Description
21. 5. Security system:
It means to ensure that the company’s safety requirements are fulfilled.
Attributes:
o Guard name
o Security codes
o Cost
Guard name Security codes Cost
Ishfaq Ali 001 10,000
Haider Sultan 007 23,000
Muhammad Ali 004 11,678
Noor Elahi 002 10,900
Qasim Ali 009 22,090
Representation in Model:
SECURITY
SYSTEM
Model_No.
Name
Cost
Code
22. 6. Customer satisfaction:
Providing customer with goods and services which best serve his requirements.
Attributes:
o Quality
o Defects
o Delivery time
o Cost
Quality Defect% Delivery time cost
A 00% 3 months 1000,000
C 5% 4 weeks 5,253,864
A 00% 3 months 6,484,000
A 00% 3 months 6,897.505
B 2.5% 6 weeks 9,068,000
Representation in Model:
CUSTOMER
SATISFACTION
Cost
Model_No.
Quality
Deliver
Defect %
y time
23. 7. Equipment:
Tools or techniques that are used in keeping and maintaining the records of the whole
company.
Attributes:
o Equipment code
o Equipment Name
o Description
o Cost
Equipment name Equipment code Description Cost
Desktops 101 Employees 10,000,000
Laptops 102 Managers 50,253,864
Black berries 103 Executives 60,484,000
Representation in Model:
EQUIPMENT
Cost
Model_No.
Name
Code Description
24. 8. Billing System:
Certain amount charged to a customer for the products or services.
Attributes:
o Item Code
o Card Number
o Amount
Item code Card number Amount
101 10-746-11 100,000
102 54-824-64 98,900
103 76-856-00 35,960
104 43-768-98 99,800
104 54-978-08 600,000
Representation in Model:
BILLING
SYSTEM
Item code Amount
Card
number
25. 9. Location:
That specific area in which the company is located.
Attributes:
o City
o Area
o Province
City Area Province
Lahore Thoker Punjab
Islamabad Factory area Punjab
Islamabad Factory area Punjab
Faisalabad Cantt. Punjab
Representation in Model:
LOCATION
City Provinc
Area
26. 10. Visits:
The time to time visits of the employees to examine the record in the company.
Attributes:
o Visit Number
o Time
Visit number Time
01 12
06 01
04 09
07 05
Representation in Model:
VISITS
Visit number Time
27. 11. Customer card:
Card which helps to maintain the record of the customers.
Attributes:
o Customer name
o I.D card number
o Sales tax registration number
Customer name NIC number STR number
Mehar Ali 123-345-7 565-789-99
Sajjad Raza 234-567-8 786-768-00
Ali Noor 345-678-9 786-745-97
Shaista Waris 567-890-1 543-975-97
Representation in Model:
CUSTOMER
CARD
Custome STR
r NIC Numbe
Name Number r
28. Relationships to Link Entities with Their Attributes:
1-One or many employees treat a customer
One customer is treated by one employee
The attributes of customer are
Customers ID, Name, Address, Admit Date.
2-One or many Customers has Customer Card
One Customer has one Customer card
The attributes of Customer Card are
Customer Name, NIC number, STR number
3-One or many Customer card has Equipments
One Equipment uses one Customer card
The Attributes of Equipment are
Equipments Code, Name, Cost, Use, Description.
4-One or many employees takes Visits
One visit is taken by one Employee
The attributes of Employees are
Visit number, Time.
5-One or many Equipment comprises of Billing System
One Billing system has one particular Equipment
The Attributes of Billing systems are
Item code, Card number, Amount.
6-One or many Bills have Vouchers
One Voucher treats one Bill
The Attributes of Voucher systems are
Voucher Number, Description, Quantity.
7-One or many Bill Has Product
One product has one Bill
The attributes of Product are
Product Name, Code, Quantity, Cost.
29. Addres
s
Skills Nam
Name Departmen e
Emp-ID Admit
t I.D Date
Treats
Employees Customers
STR number
Name
Chec Hav
e
k
Customer
Card
Tak
e
Name
Code Description
Use
Visit No Time Cost
Equipment
Visits
Code Billing
Hav
Card e
nno
Location
Amount Ha
s
Product
Name
Voucher System Code
Cost
Quantit
Vouche
y
r no. Description Quantity
30. SQL QUARRIES:
• Select employee name, designation, department
From employee
Employee name Designation Department
Ali Aslam Network specialist I.T
Hassan Farooq Manager I.T
Ahsan Munir I.T executive I.T
Junaid Raza Record keeper Administration
Usman Mazher Accountant Accounts
• Select address
From customer
Address
Lahore
Faisalabad
Sialkot
Gujranwala
Islamabad
• Select *
From product
Where cost>10,000,000
Product name Product code Quantity Cost
Soap 11-365 199,675 14,657,930
Shoes 11-967 100,455 14,876,000
Garments 11-786 653,000 11,567,893
Electronics 16-785 1,700,000 90,978,000
31. • Select description
From voucher system
Description
Food
Sports items
Computer system
Cosmetics
House holds
• Select guard name, security codes, costs
From security systems
Where security codes in (001, 004, 007)
Guard name Security codes Cost
Ishfaq Ali 001 10,000
Haider Sultan 007 23,000
Muhammad Ali 004 11,678
• Select *
From customer satisfaction
Where quality=`A’
Quality Defect% Delivery time cost
A 00% 3 months 1000,000
A 00% 3 months 6,897.505
A 00% 3 months 6,484,000
32. • Select equipment name, equipment code, description
From equipment
Where equipment code=103
Equipment name Equipment code Description
Black berries 103 Executive
• Select *
From billing system
Where item code<104
Item code Card number Amount
101 10-746-11 100,000
102 54-824-64 98,900
103 76-856-00 35,960
• Select *
From location
Where province=`Punjab’
City Area Province
Lahore Thoker Punjab
Islamabad Factory area Punjab
Islamabad Factory area Punjab
Faisalabad Cantt Punjab
33. • Select visit number, time
From visits
Where time >= 5
Visit number Time
01 12
04 09
07 05
• Select customer name, NIC number, STR number
From customers card
Where NIC number between 123-345-7 and 345-678-9
Customer name NIC number STR number
Mehar Ali 123-345-7 565-789-99
Sajjad Raza 234-567-8 786-768-00
Ali Noor 345-678-9 786-745-97
