SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 2
Download to read offline
The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the periodic table or periodic table of
the elements) is a tabular display of the 118 known chemical elements organized by selected
properties of their atomic structures. Elements are presented by increasing atomic number, the
number of protons in an atom's atomic nucleus. While rectangular in general outline, gaps are
included in the horizontal rows (known as periods) as needed to keep elements with similar
properties together in vertical columns (known as groups), e.g. alkali metals, alkali earths,
halogens, noble gases.
Periods
A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups are the most common way of
classifying elements, there are some regions of the periodic table where the horizontal trends and
similarities in properties are more significant than vertical group trends. This can be true in the d-
block (or "transition metals"), and especially for the f-block, where the lanthanides and
actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements.
Periodic trend for ionization energy. Each period begins at a minimum for the alkali metals, and
ends at a maximum for the noble gases.
Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity,
and electronegativity. Moving left to right across a period, atomic radius usually decreases. This
occurs because each successive element has an added proton and electron which causes the
electron to be drawn closer to the nucleus. This decrease in atomic radius also causes the
ionization energy to increase when moving from left to right across a period. The more tightly
bound an element is, the more energy is required to remove an electron. Electronegativity
increases in the same manner as ionization energy because of the pull exerted on the electrons by
the nucleus. Electron affinity also shows a slight trend across a period. Metals (left side of a
period) generally have a lower electron affinity than nonmetals (right side of a period) with the
exception of the noble gases.
Hope this explains your daughter.... :)
Solution
The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the periodic table or periodic table of
the elements) is a tabular display of the 118 known chemical elements organized by selected
properties of their atomic structures. Elements are presented by increasing atomic number, the
number of protons in an atom's atomic nucleus. While rectangular in general outline, gaps are
included in the horizontal rows (known as periods) as needed to keep elements with similar
properties together in vertical columns (known as groups), e.g. alkali metals, alkali earths,
halogens, noble gases.
Periods
A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups are the most common way of
classifying elements, there are some regions of the periodic table where the horizontal trends and
similarities in properties are more significant than vertical group trends. This can be true in the d-
block (or "transition metals"), and especially for the f-block, where the lanthanides and
actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements.
Periodic trend for ionization energy. Each period begins at a minimum for the alkali metals, and
ends at a maximum for the noble gases.
Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity,
and electronegativity. Moving left to right across a period, atomic radius usually decreases. This
occurs because each successive element has an added proton and electron which causes the
electron to be drawn closer to the nucleus. This decrease in atomic radius also causes the
ionization energy to increase when moving from left to right across a period. The more tightly
bound an element is, the more energy is required to remove an electron. Electronegativity
increases in the same manner as ionization energy because of the pull exerted on the electrons by
the nucleus. Electron affinity also shows a slight trend across a period. Metals (left side of a
period) generally have a lower electron affinity than nonmetals (right side of a period) with the
exception of the noble gases.
Hope this explains your daughter.... :)

More Related Content

Similar to The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the perio.pdf

Chapter 6 Periodic Table
Chapter 6 Periodic TableChapter 6 Periodic Table
Chapter 6 Periodic Table
shahinazshetta
 
Chapter 6 Periodic table
Chapter 6 Periodic tableChapter 6 Periodic table
Chapter 6 Periodic table
shahinazshetta
 
Classification of elements & periodicity in properties
Classification of elements & periodicity in propertiesClassification of elements & periodicity in properties
Classification of elements & periodicity in properties
Albein Vivek
 
Periodic table1
Periodic table1Periodic table1
Periodic table1
Reenu Pic
 
Chem unit 5 presentation
Chem unit 5 presentationChem unit 5 presentation
Chem unit 5 presentation
bobcatchemistry
 

Similar to The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the perio.pdf (20)

Chemunit5presentation 111106095110-phpapp02
Chemunit5presentation 111106095110-phpapp02Chemunit5presentation 111106095110-phpapp02
Chemunit5presentation 111106095110-phpapp02
 
Chapter 6 Periodic Table
Chapter 6 Periodic TableChapter 6 Periodic Table
Chapter 6 Periodic Table
 
Chapter 6 Periodic table
Chapter 6 Periodic tableChapter 6 Periodic table
Chapter 6 Periodic table
 
Classification of elements & periodicity in properties
Classification of elements & periodicity in propertiesClassification of elements & periodicity in properties
Classification of elements & periodicity in properties
 
1.Periodic Properties & Variations of Properties Class 10 ,ICSE.pptx
1.Periodic Properties & Variations of Properties Class 10 ,ICSE.pptx1.Periodic Properties & Variations of Properties Class 10 ,ICSE.pptx
1.Periodic Properties & Variations of Properties Class 10 ,ICSE.pptx
 
Inorganic
InorganicInorganic
Inorganic
 
Chemchapt6 101015132910-phpapp02
Chemchapt6 101015132910-phpapp02Chemchapt6 101015132910-phpapp02
Chemchapt6 101015132910-phpapp02
 
Periodicity 1
Periodicity 1Periodicity 1
Periodicity 1
 
Periodicity
PeriodicityPeriodicity
Periodicity
 
Cmcchapter06 100613133017-phpapp02
Cmcchapter06 100613133017-phpapp02Cmcchapter06 100613133017-phpapp02
Cmcchapter06 100613133017-phpapp02
 
Periodic table Development and Trends
Periodic table Development and TrendsPeriodic table Development and Trends
Periodic table Development and Trends
 
development-of-the-PTE.ppt
development-of-the-PTE.pptdevelopment-of-the-PTE.ppt
development-of-the-PTE.ppt
 
Periodic Classification of Elements and Periodicity
Periodic Classification of Elements and PeriodicityPeriodic Classification of Elements and Periodicity
Periodic Classification of Elements and Periodicity
 
Periodic table
Periodic tablePeriodic table
Periodic table
 
Periodic classification of elements
Periodic classification of elementsPeriodic classification of elements
Periodic classification of elements
 
Periodic table1
Periodic table1Periodic table1
Periodic table1
 
Chem unit 5 presentation
Chem unit 5 presentationChem unit 5 presentation
Chem unit 5 presentation
 
Guide to the
Guide to theGuide to the
Guide to the
 
Guide to the
Guide to theGuide to the
Guide to the
 
ODEYEMI AUGUSTINE SUNKANMI M.Sc(Ed) DLHS PH.
ODEYEMI AUGUSTINE SUNKANMI  M.Sc(Ed)  DLHS PH.ODEYEMI AUGUSTINE SUNKANMI  M.Sc(Ed)  DLHS PH.
ODEYEMI AUGUSTINE SUNKANMI M.Sc(Ed) DLHS PH.
 

More from rakeshankur

1]Resistance is a ability to ward off diseases, It involves a netw.pdf
1]Resistance is a ability to ward off diseases, It involves a netw.pdf1]Resistance is a ability to ward off diseases, It involves a netw.pdf
1]Resistance is a ability to ward off diseases, It involves a netw.pdf
rakeshankur
 
1.If we want to add a new Crow class,first of all we have to observe.pdf
1.If we want to add a new Crow class,first of all we have to observe.pdf1.If we want to add a new Crow class,first of all we have to observe.pdf
1.If we want to add a new Crow class,first of all we have to observe.pdf
rakeshankur
 
1. Assignment1.java public class Assignment1 {    public sta.pdf
1. Assignment1.java public class Assignment1 {    public sta.pdf1. Assignment1.java public class Assignment1 {    public sta.pdf
1. Assignment1.java public class Assignment1 {    public sta.pdf
rakeshankur
 
(41)B. Mitochondria - cellular respiration(42)B. adhesive junc.pdf
(41)B. Mitochondria - cellular respiration(42)B. adhesive junc.pdf(41)B. Mitochondria - cellular respiration(42)B. adhesive junc.pdf
(41)B. Mitochondria - cellular respiration(42)B. adhesive junc.pdf
rakeshankur
 
The electrons which are involved in bond formatio.pdf
                     The electrons which are involved in bond formatio.pdf                     The electrons which are involved in bond formatio.pdf
The electrons which are involved in bond formatio.pdf
rakeshankur
 
Solutionclass IntNode { int data; public IntNode next,head;.pdf
Solutionclass IntNode { int data; public IntNode next,head;.pdfSolutionclass IntNode { int data; public IntNode next,head;.pdf
Solutionclass IntNode { int data; public IntNode next,head;.pdf
rakeshankur
 
import turtleimport timeimport randomdef draw_rectangle(length.pdf
import turtleimport timeimport randomdef draw_rectangle(length.pdfimport turtleimport timeimport randomdef draw_rectangle(length.pdf
import turtleimport timeimport randomdef draw_rectangle(length.pdf
rakeshankur
 
Effects of NaCl Concentration on Red Blood Cell Volume A red blo.pdf
Effects of NaCl Concentration on Red Blood Cell Volume A red blo.pdfEffects of NaCl Concentration on Red Blood Cell Volume A red blo.pdf
Effects of NaCl Concentration on Red Blood Cell Volume A red blo.pdf
rakeshankur
 
Answer-Possible types of audit for this project1. Financial au.pdf
Answer-Possible types of audit for this project1. Financial au.pdfAnswer-Possible types of audit for this project1. Financial au.pdf
Answer-Possible types of audit for this project1. Financial au.pdf
rakeshankur
 

More from rakeshankur (20)

1]Resistance is a ability to ward off diseases, It involves a netw.pdf
1]Resistance is a ability to ward off diseases, It involves a netw.pdf1]Resistance is a ability to ward off diseases, It involves a netw.pdf
1]Resistance is a ability to ward off diseases, It involves a netw.pdf
 
1.If we want to add a new Crow class,first of all we have to observe.pdf
1.If we want to add a new Crow class,first of all we have to observe.pdf1.If we want to add a new Crow class,first of all we have to observe.pdf
1.If we want to add a new Crow class,first of all we have to observe.pdf
 
1. Assignment1.java public class Assignment1 {    public sta.pdf
1. Assignment1.java public class Assignment1 {    public sta.pdf1. Assignment1.java public class Assignment1 {    public sta.pdf
1. Assignment1.java public class Assignment1 {    public sta.pdf
 
1. Sherwood Anderson known for his bestseller  Dark Laughter2.Thei.pdf
1. Sherwood Anderson known for his bestseller  Dark Laughter2.Thei.pdf1. Sherwood Anderson known for his bestseller  Dark Laughter2.Thei.pdf
1. Sherwood Anderson known for his bestseller  Dark Laughter2.Thei.pdf
 
(41)B. Mitochondria - cellular respiration(42)B. adhesive junc.pdf
(41)B. Mitochondria - cellular respiration(42)B. adhesive junc.pdf(41)B. Mitochondria - cellular respiration(42)B. adhesive junc.pdf
(41)B. Mitochondria - cellular respiration(42)B. adhesive junc.pdf
 
The electrons which are involved in bond formatio.pdf
                     The electrons which are involved in bond formatio.pdf                     The electrons which are involved in bond formatio.pdf
The electrons which are involved in bond formatio.pdf
 
Methylene blue is polar so a non polar mobile pha.pdf
                     Methylene blue is polar so a non polar mobile pha.pdf                     Methylene blue is polar so a non polar mobile pha.pdf
Methylene blue is polar so a non polar mobile pha.pdf
 
KCl NH3 Ar note KCl is ionic solid, has a v.pdf
                     KCl  NH3  Ar  note KCl is ionic solid, has a v.pdf                     KCl  NH3  Ar  note KCl is ionic solid, has a v.pdf
KCl NH3 Ar note KCl is ionic solid, has a v.pdf
 
Parameters, like population mean and population stadard deviation..pdf
Parameters, like population mean and population stadard deviation..pdfParameters, like population mean and population stadard deviation..pdf
Parameters, like population mean and population stadard deviation..pdf
 
b.glucose, HOCl, NaCl, MgCl2 increase in ionic ch.pdf
                     b.glucose, HOCl, NaCl, MgCl2 increase in ionic ch.pdf                     b.glucose, HOCl, NaCl, MgCl2 increase in ionic ch.pdf
b.glucose, HOCl, NaCl, MgCl2 increase in ionic ch.pdf
 
The answer is c, Polonium. An alpha particle contains two protons .pdf
The answer is c, Polonium. An alpha particle contains two protons .pdfThe answer is c, Polonium. An alpha particle contains two protons .pdf
The answer is c, Polonium. An alpha particle contains two protons .pdf
 
Solutionclass IntNode { int data; public IntNode next,head;.pdf
Solutionclass IntNode { int data; public IntNode next,head;.pdfSolutionclass IntNode { int data; public IntNode next,head;.pdf
Solutionclass IntNode { int data; public IntNode next,head;.pdf
 
Answer is I, II, and V (5) .pdf
                     Answer is I, II, and V (5)                       .pdf                     Answer is I, II, and V (5)                       .pdf
Answer is I, II, and V (5) .pdf
 
Medical importance of bacteriaEcological importance of bacteria.pdf
Medical importance of bacteriaEcological importance of bacteria.pdfMedical importance of bacteriaEcological importance of bacteria.pdf
Medical importance of bacteriaEcological importance of bacteria.pdf
 
import turtleimport timeimport randomdef draw_rectangle(length.pdf
import turtleimport timeimport randomdef draw_rectangle(length.pdfimport turtleimport timeimport randomdef draw_rectangle(length.pdf
import turtleimport timeimport randomdef draw_rectangle(length.pdf
 
Effects of NaCl Concentration on Red Blood Cell Volume A red blo.pdf
Effects of NaCl Concentration on Red Blood Cell Volume A red blo.pdfEffects of NaCl Concentration on Red Blood Cell Volume A red blo.pdf
Effects of NaCl Concentration on Red Blood Cell Volume A red blo.pdf
 
C) 0.3275SolutionC) 0.3275.pdf
C) 0.3275SolutionC) 0.3275.pdfC) 0.3275SolutionC) 0.3275.pdf
C) 0.3275SolutionC) 0.3275.pdf
 
ass smokeSolutionass smoke.pdf
ass smokeSolutionass smoke.pdfass smokeSolutionass smoke.pdf
ass smokeSolutionass smoke.pdf
 
Answer-Possible types of audit for this project1. Financial au.pdf
Answer-Possible types of audit for this project1. Financial au.pdfAnswer-Possible types of audit for this project1. Financial au.pdf
Answer-Possible types of audit for this project1. Financial au.pdf
 
4 1 2 3 Solution 4 1 2 3.pdf
                     4 1 2 3  Solution                     4 1 2 3.pdf                     4 1 2 3  Solution                     4 1 2 3.pdf
4 1 2 3 Solution 4 1 2 3.pdf
 

Recently uploaded

Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfActivity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
ciinovamais
 
Vishram Singh - Textbook of Anatomy Upper Limb and Thorax.. Volume 1 (1).pdf
Vishram Singh - Textbook of Anatomy  Upper Limb and Thorax.. Volume 1 (1).pdfVishram Singh - Textbook of Anatomy  Upper Limb and Thorax.. Volume 1 (1).pdf
Vishram Singh - Textbook of Anatomy Upper Limb and Thorax.. Volume 1 (1).pdf
ssuserdda66b
 
Spellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please Practise
Spellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please PractiseSpellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please Practise
Spellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please Practise
AnaAcapella
 

Recently uploaded (20)

SKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON MICRO SKILLS.pptx
SKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON MICRO SKILLS.pptxSKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON MICRO SKILLS.pptx
SKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON MICRO SKILLS.pptx
 
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
 
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfActivity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
 
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
 
Single or Multiple melodic lines structure
Single or Multiple melodic lines structureSingle or Multiple melodic lines structure
Single or Multiple melodic lines structure
 
Kodo Millet PPT made by Ghanshyam bairwa college of Agriculture kumher bhara...
Kodo Millet  PPT made by Ghanshyam bairwa college of Agriculture kumher bhara...Kodo Millet  PPT made by Ghanshyam bairwa college of Agriculture kumher bhara...
Kodo Millet PPT made by Ghanshyam bairwa college of Agriculture kumher bhara...
 
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
 
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptx
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptxUnit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptx
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptx
 
How to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POS
How to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POSHow to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POS
How to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POS
 
Vishram Singh - Textbook of Anatomy Upper Limb and Thorax.. Volume 1 (1).pdf
Vishram Singh - Textbook of Anatomy  Upper Limb and Thorax.. Volume 1 (1).pdfVishram Singh - Textbook of Anatomy  Upper Limb and Thorax.. Volume 1 (1).pdf
Vishram Singh - Textbook of Anatomy Upper Limb and Thorax.. Volume 1 (1).pdf
 
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptxGoogle Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
 
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - English
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - EnglishGraduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - English
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - English
 
Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdf
Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdfHoldier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdf
Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdf
 
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
 
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.pptApplication orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
 
Spellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please Practise
Spellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please PractiseSpellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please Practise
Spellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please Practise
 
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning ExhibitSociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
 
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The BasicsIntroduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
 
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentation
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning PresentationSOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentation
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentation
 
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
 

The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the perio.pdf

  • 1. The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the periodic table or periodic table of the elements) is a tabular display of the 118 known chemical elements organized by selected properties of their atomic structures. Elements are presented by increasing atomic number, the number of protons in an atom's atomic nucleus. While rectangular in general outline, gaps are included in the horizontal rows (known as periods) as needed to keep elements with similar properties together in vertical columns (known as groups), e.g. alkali metals, alkali earths, halogens, noble gases. Periods A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups are the most common way of classifying elements, there are some regions of the periodic table where the horizontal trends and similarities in properties are more significant than vertical group trends. This can be true in the d- block (or "transition metals"), and especially for the f-block, where the lanthanides and actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements. Periodic trend for ionization energy. Each period begins at a minimum for the alkali metals, and ends at a maximum for the noble gases. Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity. Moving left to right across a period, atomic radius usually decreases. This occurs because each successive element has an added proton and electron which causes the electron to be drawn closer to the nucleus. This decrease in atomic radius also causes the ionization energy to increase when moving from left to right across a period. The more tightly bound an element is, the more energy is required to remove an electron. Electronegativity increases in the same manner as ionization energy because of the pull exerted on the electrons by the nucleus. Electron affinity also shows a slight trend across a period. Metals (left side of a period) generally have a lower electron affinity than nonmetals (right side of a period) with the exception of the noble gases. Hope this explains your daughter.... :) Solution The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the periodic table or periodic table of the elements) is a tabular display of the 118 known chemical elements organized by selected
  • 2. properties of their atomic structures. Elements are presented by increasing atomic number, the number of protons in an atom's atomic nucleus. While rectangular in general outline, gaps are included in the horizontal rows (known as periods) as needed to keep elements with similar properties together in vertical columns (known as groups), e.g. alkali metals, alkali earths, halogens, noble gases. Periods A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups are the most common way of classifying elements, there are some regions of the periodic table where the horizontal trends and similarities in properties are more significant than vertical group trends. This can be true in the d- block (or "transition metals"), and especially for the f-block, where the lanthanides and actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements. Periodic trend for ionization energy. Each period begins at a minimum for the alkali metals, and ends at a maximum for the noble gases. Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity. Moving left to right across a period, atomic radius usually decreases. This occurs because each successive element has an added proton and electron which causes the electron to be drawn closer to the nucleus. This decrease in atomic radius also causes the ionization energy to increase when moving from left to right across a period. The more tightly bound an element is, the more energy is required to remove an electron. Electronegativity increases in the same manner as ionization energy because of the pull exerted on the electrons by the nucleus. Electron affinity also shows a slight trend across a period. Metals (left side of a period) generally have a lower electron affinity than nonmetals (right side of a period) with the exception of the noble gases. Hope this explains your daughter.... :)