3. Polycystic ovarian syndrome { PCOD } is a
complex endocrine disorder associated with
long term anovulation and an excess of
androgen circulation in blood.
In PCOS womenʹs sex hormones are out of
balance which leads to the growth of ovarian
cysts.
First described in 1935 by american
gynaecologist Irving F Stein and Michael L
Leventhal .
polycystic ovarian syndrome 3
4. The PCOS is formation of cysts in the ovaries
or dysfunction of ovaries along with cardinal
features of LH hyper-secretion, ovarian
hyper-androgenism, hyper-insulinemia,
reduced fertility.
polycystic ovarian syndrome 4
5. In this condition both the ovaries have multiple
small cysts with thickened tunica albuginea and
hyperplasia of the theca cell.
The cyst is usually 5-10mm and total size of the
ovary may be three times that of normal size.
There is thickening of the ovarian stroma. There
is no dominant follicle.
The patients usually present when they are young
but disease can be seen at anytime the during
the childbearing age.
polycystic ovarian syndrome 5
7. The most common endocrine disorder in
reproductive age 4~20% of women in
worldwide.
A statistical report by frutterweit 50~70% are
unaware.
In 2021 today prevalence rate 22.5% or every
one woman in five suffers from PCOS in india
due to obese.
polycystic ovarian syndrome 7
11. it happens when the immune system tries to protect
against foreign body but when it become
overreacted create such condition.
It is due to inflammation,ovulation is prevented,
hormones get imbalanced and androgen produced. It
can caused by stress.
Long term chronic inflammation
Irritable bowel syndrome
Unexplained fatigue
Headache
Join pain
Skin condition
Food sensitivities
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12. This type is the second most common PCOS. It
gets developed due to the birth control pills
which suppress ovulation.
Temporary surge of androgens
Ovulation suppression
LH incresed
polycystic ovarian syndrome 12
13. This is most common type of PCOS. It
caused by smoking pollution and trans fat.
It affect up to 70% of all pcos. In this your
cell not recognise that insulin exists in the
body,causing insulin rise over time and
cause the following:
Irregular periods
Excess weight
Hormonal acne
Hirsutism
polycystic ovarian syndrome 13
14. This type of PCOS is due to an abnormal
stress response and affects around 10% of
those diagnosed. This caused by excessive
androgen by ovary.
some symptoms of inflammatory PCOS
tests will show elevated
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate(DHEAS)
normal levels of testosterone.
polycystic ovarian syndrome 14
18. Increasing obesity, especially central obesity.
Menstrual abnormalities in the form of oligomenorrhea,
amenorrhea, or dysfunctional uterine bleeding.
Infertility
Hirsutism (hair growth on womanʹs face)
Acne
Weight gain
Dark patches of skin
pelvic pain
fatigue
depression
increased Blood Pressure
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27. The possible long term complication of
polycystic ovaries are as follows:
Insulin resistance leads to impaired glucose
tolerance, diabetes and obesity.
Dyslipidaemia
Devlopment of cancer
polycystic ovarian syndrome 27
28. Fertility counseling
Contraception
Treatment of hyperandrogenic symptoms
Lifestyle plan and support
Monitoring and screening
Nutritional counseling
Psychological and behavioral support
polycystic ovarian syndrome 28
29. Rashid & yousaf latif khan textbook of
gynaecology CBS Publisher tumours of the
ovary 214 215
Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC626641
Indraivf.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.verywellhealth.com
ReseachGate.net
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