The document discusses structuring apps in Scala and solving problems in an interesting way. It describes SoundCloud's test suite challenge which involved building a file uploader in a boring way using Flash. The speaker describes his approach using combinators and wiring, but not leveraging the type system well. He discusses Twitter and Typesafe's approaches using instance-based injection and orthogonal traits. The document outlines how SoundCloud builds apps similarly to Typesafe using components with dependencies defined through controllers. References are provided for further information.