ppt of ai and achine learning

1. 2451-21-735-148
KONDAPURAM RAKESH
DEPARTMENT OF
ELECTRONIC AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
NETWORKING
ESSENTIALS

3. WHAT IS A NETWORK?
network is simply 2 or more networks that are linked
together .
The most common types of networks are :
LOCAL AREA NETWORKS (LANS)
WIDE AREA NETWORKS(WANS)
The primary difference between the two is that a LAN
is generally confined to a limited geographical area
,whereas a WAN covers a large geographical area. Most
WANs are made up of several connected LANs

4. CLASSIFICATION OF NETWORKS
Networks can be divided on the basis of:
1)Geographical Area Network
(LAN,MAN,WAN)
2)Connection method (Wired or Wireless
Networks)
3)Functionality (client/server, peer to peer, hybrid
networks)
4)Topology (bus, star, ring and mesh)
5)Protocol (TCP/IP, IPX/SPX, Apple Talk)

5. NETWORK TOPOLOGIES
Network Topology (or layout) - refers to the way
computers and peripherals are configured to form
networks
▪ Bus topology - all computers are linked by a single
line of cable
▪ Star topology - multiple computers and peripheral
devices are linked to a central computer, called a
host
▪ Ring topology - each computer or workstation is
connected to two other computers, with the entire
network forming a circle
▪ Mesh topology - each computer is connected to the others by
separate cable.

6. BUS TOPOLOGY

7. Advantage
• Easy to connect a computer or peripheral to a
linear bus
• Requires less cable length than a star
topology.
Disadvantage
• Entire network shuts down if there is a break
in the main cable.
• Terminators are required at the both ends of
the backbone cable.
• Difficult to identify the problem if the entire
network shuts down.

8. STAR TOPOLOGY

9. Advantage
• Easy to install and wire.
• Security can be implemented in the
hub/switch.
• Easy to detect faults and to remove parts.
Disadvantage
• Requires more cable length than a linear
topoloy
• If the hub or concentrator fails, nodes
attached are disabled.
• More expensive than linear bus topologies
because of cause of concentrators

10. MESH TOPOLOGY

11. • Advantage
• Provide redundant path between
device.
• The network can be expanded
without disruption to current user.
• Disadvantage
• Requires more cable than other
topologies.
• Has complicated implementations.

12. RING TOPOLOGY

13. • Advantage
• The transmission of data is relatively
simple as packets travel in one
direction only.
• Data is easily transferred without a
"bottleneck".
• Disadvantage
• Data packets must pass through every
computer between the sender & receiver
which makes it a slow process.
• If any of the nodes fail then the ring is
broken n data transmission stopsIt is difficult
to troubleshoot the ring.