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為什麼台北房價這麼高?
為什麼台北迫遷戶一直增加?
    第一次就上手!
市場機制

台北市政府和新北市政府的說法是, 台北是台灣的首善之都, 這
麼多人想來住, 供不應求, 自然房價高漲.



這是事實嗎?
假如是因為供過於求…

 那就要創造更多的房子!



 如果可以開發的土地就這些, 那我們只有一條路可以走—把
老舊的矮房子變身為大樓, 就可以變出很多很多地坪.



 這, 就是都市更新和獎勵容積.
獎勵容積

 說白了, 就是在同一塊土地上蓋出更多層的房子來賣.



 本來一塊只蓋四層樓的房子現在蓋了八層, 假如房子的價值
不變, 這塊土地的價值就變成原來的兩倍.
容積增加以後為什麼房價狂漲?

容積增加等於供給增加, 理論上不是應該降低房價?



錯!
天經地義, 建商也是要賺錢的

 拆房子蓋房子賣房子都是要成本, 建商是營利機構又不是慈
善機構, 建商參加都市更新的主要目標當然是賺錢.



 怎樣才能賺錢? 就是增加容積, 然後把多出來的容積高價賣
出去.
高價售屋術

 地段好

 豪宅

 高容積
地段

台北市劃定的205處急需更新的地區,10年來,沒有一個地方
得到更新,相反地,卻是高價的精華地區,在進行不必要的更
新。



(資料來源: 苦勞網http://www.coolloud.org.tw/node/52311)
地皮越炒越高

精華地段的房子才能保值

=>容積增高, 精華地段的地皮就越值錢

=>地皮越值錢, 就越多建商想在這裡建高容積的房子



這樣一直循環下去, 城市的容積越來越高, 空屋和豪宅越來越多,
但是房價越來越貴. 這些增加的容積都是看的到吃不到的容積.
容積獎勵與迫遷

 迫遷的問題不是只有都市更新條款裡面多數決的惡法而已.


 內政部營建署的容積獎勵辦法當中有很多條款會讓某一類
的中華民國公民的房子很容易被建商畫入都市更新計畫而成為
迫遷戶. (條文請參照:
http://www.cpami.gov.tw/chinese/index.php?option=com_content&
view=article&id=10329&Itemid=57)
哪些迫遷戶是建商眼中的肥魚 ?

 處理占有他人土地之舊違章建築戶,得給予容積獎勵 (第11
條)

 鐵路及捷運場站四百公尺範圍內 (第13, 14條)

 都會區水岸、港灣周邊適吅高度再開發地區者(第13, 14條)
也有很多迫遷戶是被波及的

 更新單元為一完整計畫街廓或面積達三千平方公尺以上者,
得給予容積獎勵 (第10條)


 這個條文的意思就是, 假如建商看上的地不到三千平方公尺,
他們也會把旁邊的房子畫進去來增加容積獎勵.


(實例可以參考之前苦勞網的連結)
所以, 地方政府是否有從中牟利?

答案是, 當然有, 而且都很吅法. 要審查這些都市更新案件還有
幫忙建商拆房子可是苦差事, 我們的政府又不是慈善機構.



 第一個方法是建商自願捐的都市更新基金.

 第二個方法是轉移容積給建商.
關於都市更新基金…
     再回到容積獎勵方法


 捐贈經費予當地地方政府都市更新基金以推展都市更新業務者,
得依下列公式計算獎勵容積 (詳情請看第5條)


 (容積)獎勵,經各級主管機關審議通過後,實施者應與地方主
管機關簽訂協議書,納入都市更新事業計畫。協議書應載明增加
之建築容積於扣除更新成本後增加之收益,實施者自願以現金捐
贈當地地方主管機關設立之都市更新基金 (第15條)
簡單地說…

就是只要幫政府做事或讓政府更好做事, 政府當然也不會吝嗇
給一點好處, 魚幫水水幫魚嘛.
地方政府”轉移”容積

 其實道理很簡單, 就像我家有多收成的青菜就可以拿去菜市
場”轉移”給別人.



 地方政府的公共設施(道路啦公園啦)不能往上蓋增加容積的,
就把容積移轉給建商.
新北市最犀利

自2001年至2010年7月底總容積移轉109萬9000平方公尺的樓地
板面積,新台北市獲得捐贈土地面積為30萬2000多平方公尺,
也就是說,建商平均每捐1平方公尺,就可以獲得3.4平方公尺
的「樓地板面積」。(資料來自:
http://blog.chinatimes.com/clarrise/archive/2011/07/26/799651.ht
ml)
總結

 建商獲利

 地方政府獲利

 人民承擔高房價的惡果

 越來越多破遷戶



這些台北十年目睹之怪現象, 到底是誰沒有盡到責任?
都市計畫的把關

 一個都市要好好看, 公共設施和容積的限制是非常重要的考
量. 一個不分商業區住宅區都充滿高樓大廈的都市是不會好好
看的.



 都市計畫應該要對整個都市的總容積設限, 可是內政部卻叫
地方政府放水.
 2010/9/30, 內政部發給地方政府解釋令:「直轄市、縣(市)
政府不得逕以主要計畫所載之容積獎勵上限,限制都市更新實
施者依都市更新條例申請建築容積獎勵,自即日生效。」



 簡單說, 就是不准地方政府設定整個都市的總容積. 簡單說,
就是我們的中央政府帶頭圖利建商.
笨蛋, 一切都是為了選舉

 只要房市漲, 有錢人手上的錢不變少, 政府就不會倒.

 幫迫遷戶走上街頭還會被其他人笑, 你說政客會不會怕迫遷
戶越來越多?

 拜託, 選舉也是要花錢的, 沒有從建商那邊拿到油水, 下一次
選舉的經費哪裡來?
假如, 你是一個政客.
  你會怎麼做?
假如, 你是一個普通人.
   你會怎麼做?
不要再冷眼旁觀了
沒有國就沒有家,
一個國家只剩下豺狼的時候 ,
 我們終有一天屍骨無存 .
我們, 還有著讓台灣更美好的夢想吧?

 今天, 就先從檢討容積獎勵方法和容積管理開始著手吧.



 今天, 就先走到迫遷戶的身邊吧. 真的, 不是所有人給了錢就
想被都市更新的.

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容積獎勵與都更