types of hepatitis and prevention.

1. HEPATITIS
BY RN MANISHA KAWAR

2. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

3. DESCRIPTION
Inflammation of the liver caused by virus, bacteria, or exposure to medication or
hepatotoxins.
 the goal of treatment include resting the inflamed liver to reduce metabolic
demands and increasing the blood supply, thus promoting cellular regeneration
and preventing complications.

4. TYPES OF HEPATITIS
A. Hepatitis A
B. Hepatitis B
C. Hepatitis C
D. Hepatitis D
E. Hepatitis E

5. HEPATITIS A
Hepatitis A is a inflammation of the liver that can cause mild to severe illness. The
hepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food and
water or through direct contact with an infectious person.
• Hepatitis is a very contagious.

6. HEPATITIS A IN CHILDREN
Highest incidence of HAV infection occurs among preschool or school-age
children younger than 15 years.
Many infected children are asymptomatic may occur’
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Infected children who are asymptomatic still can spread SAV to others.

7. TRANSMISSION
Fecal-oral route
Person to person contact
Parenteral
Contaminated fruits or vegetables, or uncooked shellfish
 contaminated water or milk
Poorly washed utensils

8. INDIVIDUALS AT INCREASED RISK
Crowded conditions (e.g ; day care, nursings home)
Exposure to poor sanitation.
Men who have sex with men
People with occupational risk for exposure
People experiencing homelessness.
People who use or inject drugs ( illegal drugs)

9. INCUBATION AND INFECTIOUS PERIOD
Incubation period is 2 to 6 weeks.
Infectious period is 2 to 3 weeks before and 1 week after development of
jaundice.

10. PREVENTION OF HEPATITIS
Strict hand washing
Stool and needle precaution
Treatment of municipal water supplies
Serological screening of food handlers
Hepatitis A vaccine : two doses are needed at least 6 months apart for lasting
protection.
Immunoglobulin: for individuals exposed to HAV who have never received the
hepatitis A vaccine administer immune globulin during the period of incubation and
within 2 weeks of exposure.

11. PREVENTION OF HEPATITIS A CON…….
Immune globulin and hepatitis A vaccine are recommended for household
members and sexual contacts of individuals with hepatitis A.
Preexposure prophylaxis with immune globulin is recommended to individuals
traveling to countries with poor or uncertain sanitation conditions.
Strick and frequent hand washing is key to preventing the spread of all types of
hepatitis.