This contains terminologies used in oncology

1. Mrs. Melisa Fernandes,
Lecturer
M.Sc.Nursing (Oncology)

2. 1.Understand the significant cellular and
genetic events that cause cancer and clinical
features of neoplastic diseases.
2.Able to differentiate different types of cancer

3.  Neoplasia – abnormal proliferation of cells in
a tisssue or organ.(new growth) often termed
as tumor.
 Hyperplasia –Proliferation of cells within an
organ results in enlargement.(remains under
normal control.(reversible increase in the
number of cells)

4.  Metaplasia –the conversion of one cell type to
another cell type not usually found in the
involved tissue
 Hypertrophy - increase in cell size(due to
steroid therapy) resulting in an increase in
organ size.

5.  Dysplasia- cells are different from the tissue
of origin.(early form of precancerous
transformation)
 Carcinoma in situ –cancer in place. cells have
lost their tissue identity,rowth is rapid and
without regulation, however remains
localized.

6.  Invasive carcinoma – invading beyond the
original tissue layer ,able to spread to
another parts of the body

7.  Metaplasia – changes in response to chronic
physical or chemical irritation (smoking)
causes ciliated epithelium to be replaced by
simple squamous epithelium.
 The change is benign and reversible to
certain limit.

8.  Adenoma – collection of growth (oma) f
glandular origin. (may compress other
structure or produce large amount of
hormones. May become malignant called
Adeno carcinoma.

9.  Sarcoma –cancer that affects connective
,supportive and soft tisue (bone, cartilage,
muscle or fat)
 Osteosarcoma –bone
 Chondrosarcoma –cartilage
 Leiomyosarcoma –smooth muscle

10.  Atrophy – shrinkage of cell size
 Anaplasia – disorganized ,irregular cells that
have loss of differentiation.(undifferentiated
cells)
 Metastasis –malignant cells travel through
blood or lymph and invade other tissues and
organs

11.  Oncology –a branch of medicine that deals
with tumor
 Oncologist – a medical professional who
practices oncology .

12. Thank you