Most patients with a bone tumor will experience pain in the area of the tumor. The pain is generally described as dull and achy. The pain may or may not get worse with activity. The pain often awakens the patient at night.

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Bone Tumor
A tumor is a lump or mass of tissue that forms when
cells divide uncontrollably. A growing tumor may replace
healthy tissue with abnormal tissue. It may weaken the
bone, causing it to break (fracture).
Most bone tumors are noncancerous (benign). Some are
cancerous (malignant).Benign tumors are usually not
life-threatening. Malignant tumors can spread cancer
cells throughout the body (metastasize). This happens
via the blood or lymphatic system.
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Symptoms
Most patients with a bone tumor will experience pain in the area
of the tumor. The pain is generally described as dull and achy.
The pain may or may not get worse with activity. The pain often
awakens the patient at night.
Although tumors are not caused by trauma, occasionally injury
can cause a tumor to start hurting. Injury can cause a bone that
is already weakened by a tumor to break. This often leads to
severe pain. Some tumors can cause fevers and night sweats.
Many patients will not have any symptoms, but will instead note
a painless mass. Occasionally, benign tumors may be discovered
incidentally when X-rays are taken for other reasons, such as a
sprained ankle or rotator cuff problem.
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Diagnosis of Bone Cancer
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
OPD Consultations
X-ray
Computerized tomography (CT)
Bone scan
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
Biopsy - A sample of tissue (Biopsy) from the tumor
is removed for laboratory testing. Testing is done to
know whether the tissue is cancerous and, if
so, what is the type of cancer. Testing may also
reveal the cancer's grade, which helps oncologists
to understand how aggressive the cancer
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Types of biopsy procedures used to diagnose bone cancer
include:
Inserting a needle through skin and into a tumor. During a
needle biopsy, surgical oncologist inserts a thin needle through
the skin and guides it into the tumor. The needle is used to
remove small pieces of tissue from the tumor.
Surgery to remove a tissue sample for testing.During a
surgical biopsy, surgical oncologist makes an incision through the
skin and removes either the entire tumor (excisional biopsy) or a
portion of the tumor (incision biopsy).
Determining the type of biopsy patients need and the particulars
of how it should be performed requires careful planning by the
oncology team. Surgical Oncologists perform the biopsy in a way
that will not interfere with future surgery to remove bone cancer.
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Nonsurgical Treatment of Bone Cancer
Benign Tumors
In many cases, benign tumors just need to be watched. Some can be treated
effectively with medication. Some benign tumors will disappear over time. This
is particularly true for some benign tumors that occur in children.
Malignant Tumors
If you are diagnosed with a malignant bone tumor, you might want to get a
second opinion to confirm it. If you have bone cancer, the treatment team may
include several specialists. These may include an orthopaedic oncologist, a
medical oncologist, a radiation oncologist, a radiologist, and a pathologist.
Treatment goals include curing the cancer and preserving the function of the
body.
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Treatment options for Bone Cancer
The best treatment is based on the type of bone cancer, the location of the
cancer, how aggressive the cancer is, and whether or not the cancer has
invaded surrounding or distant tissues (metastasized). There are three main
types of treatment for bone cancer: surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation
therapy. These can be used either individually or combined with each other.
Chemotherapy : This treatment makes use of certain chemicals for destroying
cancer cells. This is usually given through a vein that travels in the entire body.
Radiation therapy is often combined with chemotherapy for shrinking the
cancer to a manageable size so as to enable a surgeon to carry out a limbsparing surgery. This therapy is used in those people who have bone cancer
that has spread to different body parts.
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Surgery : A surgery entirely removes the bone cancer. There are different
types of surgery for treating bone cancer such as :Surgery for cancer that does not affect the limbs : The surgical procedure is
performed for removing bone and some nearby tissue if the bone cancer takes
place in the bones apart from legs and arms. This removed bone is then
replaced with a part of bone from a different area of the body
Surgery for removing the cancer while sparing the limb : The surgical
procedure can be performed for removing the bone cancer while sparing the
limb if the bone cancer can be separated from other tissue and nerves. The
lost bone is then replaced with some other bone from a different area of the
body or can also be replaced with the help of a special prosthesis.
Surgery for removing a limb : The surgical procedure is required for removing
a part or all part of a limb when the bone cancer is very large and is located on
a complicated point on the bone.
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