This is a basic tutorial power point that shows the student step by step what happens in a simple hydraulic circuit. At the end, an accumulator is added to give surge protection.

1. Hydrexa Consulting Ltd
• Hydraulics made easy. In this slideshow:-
– Slide 2, Click on the shapes to find out what each item
is called
– Press each key to find out what happens next. There
are animations
– Watch what happens to the gauge at each step
– Finally, add an accumulator for surge protection
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2. What are the
components
called?
Hydraulic
Cylinder
Directional
valve
Hydraulic
Pump
Pressure
Gauge
Electric
motor
Relief
valve
Reservoir
Or tank
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• Ok, you’ve got the names of everything
right, so lets have a look at the procedure that
happens when we start up the circuit.
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• First thing we do is ‘blip’ the electric motor for
a just a few seconds.
• Why do we do this?
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5. Hydrexa Consulting Ltd
• Well it’s a good check to find out if we have
wired the electric motor correctly.
• If its wrong, we could destroy the pump by
running it backwards. (Shouldn’t have told you
that. Its good for my spares sales!)
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6. Start up Hydraulic
Cylinder
Directional
valve
Hydraulic
Pump
Pressure
Gauge
Electric
motor
Relief
valve
Hydraulic
Cylinder
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7. Hydrexa Consulting Ltd
• This is a circuit where the pump is loaded at
start up.
• The pump delivers the oil and quickly starts to
use the relief valve. If run for too long, it
would heat up the oil.
• So lets operate the valve to extend the
cylinder
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8. Extend
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• Did you see how the pressure gauge changed
when the cylinder moved?
• Did you notice what happened to the level of
the oil?
• Then the relief valve opened again when the
cylinder extend its full distance
• Lets retract the cylinder back
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10. Retract
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11. Hydrexa Consulting Ltd
• Well it all looks good. But the gauge is usually
filled with glycerine to stop the pointer from
vibrating too much.
• If we put a data logger on the pressure, we
can see other things that’s happening
• Have a look at the graph. The column at the
bottom is in fractions of seconds
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12. Relief valve Relief valve
Extend
Before the
relief opens
Retract
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0.05 seconds (that’s fast)

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• Looks a bit violent with all those spikes, but
most systems can cope with them.
• They can vary depending on pump size, pipe
size etc
• But we can smooth them out by adding an
accumulator
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14. Adding an
accumulator
Hydraulic
Cylinder
Directional
valve
Hydraulic
Pump
Pressure
Gauge
Electric
motor
Relief
valve
Hydraulic
Cylinder
www.hydrexa.com Tel 01522 589067
The accumulator
absorbs the spike

15. Hydrexa Consulting Ltd
• Hope you’ve enjoyed the slides and learnt
something about hydraulics
• If you need something hydraulically explained
then email or call me on:-
• sales@hydrexa.com
• UK (0044) (0)1522 589067
www.hydrexa.com Tel 01522 589067