This document summarizes dental implants, including: - Dental implants are titanium posts surgically placed in the jawbone to support replacement teeth or bridges. - There are two types of integration between implants and bone - osseointegration, where bone directly attaches to the implant, and fibrointegration, which involves soft tissue attachment. - The implant process typically involves two stages - an initial surgery to place implants followed by a healing period, then a second surgery to uncover implants and attach replacement teeth or a bridge.

1. Implants
By : Dr Mahwish Mumtaz

2. Definition
A dental implant is a titanium post (like a tooth root) that is surgically
positioned into the jawbone beneath the gum line that allows your dentist
to mount replacement teeth or a bridge into that area.

4. Parts of implants

6. Classification of
implants

7. Classification of implants

9. Osseointegration
• In this process, the jaw bone attaches
directly to dental implants and bone
grows up to the implant surface without
inverting soft tissue
Fibrointegration
• Same dental implant process but it
needs soft tissues such as fibers or
cells between bone and implant to
completely attatch and to heal

10. Osseointegration
When dental implants that have been placed in your jawbone are
successful, osseointegration occurs. This term means bone
connection. The metal or ceramic (titanium) part of the implant is
placed into your jawbone, then the bone actually attaches itself
directly to the implant, growing all around it and supporting it
firmly.

11. One stage implant

13. Two stage implant

15. Timetable of a Typical
Course of Implant
Treatment

16. Stage 2 Surgery (Not Required for Some Implant Types)
Day of surgery..... Implants uncovered
Osseointegration checked
Abutments placed
Healing caps or revised denture placed
X-rays to check implant-abutment connection
4 to 5 days after surgery..... Impressions of mouth made
10 to 14 days after surgery..... Sutures dissolve or are removed
Restorative Treatment
1 month after Stage 2 Surgery..... New prosthesis is completed
Temporary seating of new teeth on implant abutments
Final attachment of prosthesis
Examination and Diagnosis
Within 6 months before surgery..... X-rays
Other tests (CBCT)
Impressions
Stage 1 Surgery
Date of surgery..... Implants placed in jaw
4 to 5 days after surgery..... Swelling disappears
7 days after surgery..... Old denture is lined with soft material for continued wearing
10 to 14 days after surgery..... Sutures dissolve or are removed
4 to 6 weeks after surgery..... You must eat a soft diet during this time period
3 to 6 months after surgery..... Healing is completed

17. Cases
Richard PalmerVOLUME 187, NO. 3, AUGUST 14 1999; 187: 127–132

18. This figure shows they are ball
abutments used to support over
denture
Richard PalmerVOLUME 187, NO. 3, AUGUST 14 1999; 187: 127–132

19. Used to support individual crown in single
tooth restoration
Richard PalmerVOLUME 187, NO. 3, AUGUST 14 1999; 187: 127–132

20. Figure shows four conical shaped abutments which
are used to support a bridge super structure
Richard PalmerVOLUME 187, NO. 3, AUGUST 14 1999; 187: 127–132

21. Figure shows healing abutments which are used
during the healing phase of mucosa before definitive
abutments are selected
Richard PalmerVOLUME 187, NO. 3, AUGUST 14 1999; 187: 127–132

22. Advantages Of an Implant:
1.To overcome drawbacks of Removable
Prosthesis
2.Bone maintainence
3.Esthetic tooth positioning
4.Improved Psychological health
5.Increased Stability in chewing
6.Increased retention
7.Independent of natural teeth — can provide
fixed restoration where no abutment
teeth exist
8.Immune to dental caries
9. High level of predictability
10.Good maintenance of supporting bone

23. Disadvantages Of An Implant
1.Most expensive
2.Time consuming
3.Not good for critically compromised patient e.g
uncontrolled diabetics
4.Adaptationof the Bone
5.Dependent upon presence of adequate bone
quantity and quality
6.Involves surgical procedure(s)
7.Highly operator/ technique dependent
8.High initial expense and lengthy treatment
time
9.Moderate maintenance requirements especially
for removeable or extensive fixed prostheses

24. Contraidications of Implant
Treatment
• Radiotherapy to the jaw bone
• Untreated intraoral pathology or malignancy
• Untreated periodontal disease
• Uncontrolled drug or alcohol use (abuse)
• Uncontrolled psychiatric disorders
• Recent myocardial infarction (MI) or cerebrovascular
accident (CVA) or valvular prosthesis surgery
• Intravenous bisphosphonate (anti-resorptive) therapy
• Immunosuppression - for example following organ
transplant or treatment of systemic disease
• Inability to maintain high levels of plaque control
(e.g. reduced manual dexterity or mental capacity

25. •
Professor of Implant Dentistry and Periodontology, Guy's Kings and St Thomas' Medical and Dental School,
London SE1 9RT 2Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital Trust, and Specialist in
Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, 21 Wimpole Street, London W1M 7AD © British Dental Journal
1999; 187: 247–255
1Part-time Lecturer, Guy’s Kings and St Thomas’ Medical and Dental School, London SE1 9RT and
Specialist in Periodontics, 4 Queen Anne Street, London W1 2Professor of Implant Dentistry and
Periodontology, Guy’s Kings and St Thomas’ Medical and Dental School, London SE1 9RT, 3Private
Practitioner, 38 Devonshire St, London W1 © British Dental Journal 1999; 187: 297–305
Professor of implant dentistry and periodontology, guy's kings and st thomas' medical and
dental school, london SE1 9RT © british dental journal 1999; 187: 127–132
References

26. Thank you