Biochar is a carbon-rich solid produced from the pyrolysis of biomass that can be used as a soil amendment and fertilizer. It is produced by heating biomass sources like wood chips or rice husks to high temperatures without oxygen. Biochar improves soil fertility and quality by increasing nutrient and water retention. It also helps reduce pollution and control invasive species. As a fertilizer and cooking stove fuel, biochar has the potential to create rural jobs and economic opportunities in India while reducing carbon emissions and improving agricultural productivity through its low-cost production and environmental benefits. The best approach to starting a biochar business is to form a cooperative to pool resources and educate local communities about the product.

1. BIOCHAR
(A BIOMASS FERTILIZER)
A BUSINESS WITH
SOCIAL OUTLOOK
PREAPARED BY—
KOYEL CHAKRABORTY
RAVI SHARMA
RAKSHITH PATEL
TATHAGATA MAHAJAN
GROUP-5(SECTION-1)

2. GOAL OF THE BUSINESS
What is Biochar?
 Carbon-rich solid by-product of low-temperature
pyrolysis of biomass.
 Also known as charcoal; biomass derived black
carbon- Agrichar.
 Formed under complete or partial exclusion of
oxygen
 At high temperatures between about 400 and 500º
C.
 Origins - has been used for centuries for
Cooking, health, water purification, etc

3. PRODUCTION
 IT IS VERY EASY TO MANUFACTURE,AS THE RAW
MATERIALS ARE EASILY AVAILABLE AT MINIMUM
COST.
 RAW MATERIAL– 1.CHARCOAL(easily
available from stoves in village households)
2.BIOMASS(from field debris)
3.SOIL
4.WATER
 Source of biomass:
• Rice husks
• Nut shells (groundnut, hazelnut, macadamia nut,
walnut, chestnut, coconut)
• Bagasses from sugar cane production
• Olive or tobacco waste
• Wood chips, sawdust, bark, etc
• Animal manure
• Peanut hull
• Grasses and corn stover
• Other – sewage sludge tires, peat, lignite, coal

4. PREPARATION
 CHARCOAL+BIOMASS+SOIL
HEAT
WATER
BIOCHAR
Charcoal, biomass, are firstly taken and
they are heated with over rolling by the
persons, then soil is being poured over
the heated debris and again heated
after which water is poured over debris
and again overrolled,after which it is
then kept for cooling and ultimately our
product BIOCHAR is obtained.

5. WHY BIOCHAR?
 Biochar making and burial are quite
exciting means of disposing off of
Carbon.
 In India there is no actual use of
charcoal available from the cooking
stoves of household….but if out of 60%
rural population ,we are able to
convince only 30%-40% of the
population to use biochar, then it will b
a great achievement to a nation like
India, on its road to CARBON
MANAGEMENT.
 It is the definition towards NEW
CARBON ECONOMY.

6. APPLICATIONS
 SOIL FERTILITY:-
It increases d fertility of soil, possibly in all conditions,
especially in degraded soil and Tropical regions
where d results r truly spectacular
(e.g.-In Cameroon which has a degraded soil condition
has shown that when Biochar is used in d fields it
recorded an yield increase by 220% in maize crops
production.
 FARMS AND GARDENS:-
It holds nitrogen and water, so the farmers can use
less water and fertilizers.
It is made from their own field waste in their field only
without transportation.
e.g.-rice husks, agricultural inputs, coconut shells.

7. CONTD..
 POLLUTION PREVENTION:-
It prevents runoff of nitrogen and water
ways, preventing human deaths and
growth of dead zones nitrogen induced
algae blooms in d ocean.
Biochar can remediate other soil
contaminant chemicals.
 INVASIVE SPECIES CONTROL:-
 REFORESTATION:-
It helps in agro forestry and
reforestation.
e.g.HAITI

8. CONTD…
 STOVES:-
 WHO estimates an approximately
1.6 ml people(mostly women and
children)die every year from smoke
inhalation from traditional cook
stoves.
 Biochar stoves r emission free.
 It can create electricity for home
lightening or cell phone charging.

9. ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS:--
 Biochar as it is a fertilizer and of cooking stoves, so its market is
Rural India(60%)
 Our competitors r known fertilizer and pesticides co. who already
has a market which r chemical products, needs capital for
production, but Biochar as its invariable of availability of raw
material at no cost can compete d market with ZERO risk factor.
 Today's cost of production of agricultural products has risen as
because of costly fertilizer and irrigation, so d returns of d farmers r
decreasing day by day, and many times being negative, Biochar as
costing so less in production, only d wages of d laborers, it will cost
d minimum than all d agro inputs cos. do provide. Thus their will b
increase in the returns of the farmers.
 As Biochar holds d Nitrogen and other nutrients the plant growth
will b invariably b good than to common used fertilizers, it helps in
less water use so irrigational cost will b do decreasing randomly.
 It helps in control of Global Warming, as it do not emits Carbon
mono-oxide and also holds carbon to a much high limit, providing
high nutrient agricultural products.
 Use of Biochar will lessen d contamination of soil due to use of
pesticides and fertilizers, thus having rich with nutrients plants for
healthy living.

10. CONTD…
 The foremost thing because of its easy and maximum
availabity of raw materials and very easy production
without any use of machineries and shed, make Biochar
available to d people along make them educated with d
use, certainly it will take d market within blinking of eyes.
 Make Biochar so much available to d market that it
becomes an habit of the farmers to live with it, and die
without it.
 In India's rural population 60%-70% r either waged
farmers, or holds very limited amount of land for
cultivation they will surely shift to this awesome product.
 Substantial job and economic gains are potentially
available from biochar development

11. WIDER ECONOMIC IMPACT
The development of a biochar sector could create jobs in:
 Agriculture and the food chain through increased output
 Adding value to existing biomass wastes: collection &
transport
 Construction and operation of biochar plants
 Spreading of biochar on farmland
 Monitoring & verification of biochar, carbon market
values & sequestration

12. ALTERNATIVE WAYS:-
 Through Biochar we can do business with two types
of products-
1.Fertilizers
2.Cooking stoves.
Due to nominal or say no-investment in making
fertilizers we can approach –
1.GOI
2.NGO(GEO)
3.PRIVATE ENTERPRENEUR
4.CO-OPEARTIVES
5.OWN INVESTMENT

13. CONTD…
 COOKING STOVES:-
For this product we need some
capital investment, for that d above
ways r quite viable.

14. BEST WAY:-
 Accordingly d best way if no support is being
granted from any of d above one’s then
formation of CO-OPEARTIVE IS THE BEST
WAY TO DO IT AS BECAUSE WE COULD A
NUMBER OF PEOPLE UNDER ONE ROOF,
MAKING THEM KNOWING ABOUT THE
PRODUCT,ASKING THEM TO INVEST ONE
CAN, DECREASING THE LABOUR COST;
AND OUR DESIRED PRODUCT IS THUS
OBTAINED.

15. THANK U.