Read the articles Conceptualising State Collapse: An Institutionalist Approach, by Lambach and Johais (2015) and Globalization, Terrorism and the State by Demir and Varlik (2015), which is required reading for this week. Respond to the following: · What is the connection between failed (now referred to as fragile) states and terrorism and other forms of political violence? · Provide an example of a failed/fragile state that is associated with terrorism. · In addition to terrorism and other forms of political violence, what other problems are generally associated with failed/fragile states? · What can or should the international community do to address this issue? Module 03 – Physical Characteristics of Planets The planets of the Solar System can be divided into two major classes, terrestrial and Jovian planets, but each planet has their own interesting characteristics. With the Stellarium planetarium software, you can get a close up view of the planets and see their features for yourself. Background Question – Describe three characteristics of a planet that you think you could measure from visual observations. Object: Explain the purpose of this laboratory assignment in your own words. What do you think you will accomplish or learn from this exercise? Hypothesis: Write a simple hypothesis connected to planetary features that you will be able to test using the Stellarium software (for example, Jovian planets have faster rotation period than terrestrial planets) Procedure: 1) Open the Stellarium software. Open the location window (F6) and change the planet to the Sun. This will change our observing location to the center of our Solar System. 2) Open the Sky and Viewing options window (F4). Under the “Sky” tab, uncheck the Atmosphere, Stars, and Dynamic eye adaption. Check “Show planet markers” and “Show planet orbits”. 3) Select the Landscape tab and uncheck “Show ground”. 4) Open the Search window (F3) and enter in Mercury. The view should shift such that the Mercury is in the center of the screen. As long as Mercury is actively select, it will remain in your field of view as you advance time. 5) In the table below, make note of the visible features of Mercury. This can include over color, surface features such as craters or ice caps, presence of an atmosphere and cloud structure, and any visible moons orbiting the planet. You can also advance time and try to observe in the planet has a faster or slow rotation. 6) Repeat your observer with each of the eight planets. You can use the Search window (F3) to shift your view to each planet. Planet Color Atmosphere (yes/no) Surface Features Rotation Speed Any Moons Q1 In your opinion, which planet had the most distinct appearance? Q2: Which group of planets (terrestrial or Jovian) appear to have the most moons? Q3: Which group of planets (terrestrial or Jovian) appear to have the fastest rotation? Q4: Di ...

1. Read the articles Conceptualising State Collapse: An
Institutionalist Approach, by Lambach and Johais (2015)
and Globalization, Terrorism and the State by Demir and Varlik
(2015), which is required reading for this week. Respond to the
following:
· What is the connection between failed (now referred to as
fragile) states and terrorism and other forms of political
violence?
· Provide an example of a failed/fragile state that is associated
with terrorism.
· In addition to terrorism and other forms of political violence,
what other problems are generally associated with failed/fragile
states?
· What can or should the international community do to address
this issue?
Module 03 – Physical Characteristics of Planets
The planets of the Solar System can be divided into two major
classes, terrestrial and Jovian planets, but each planet has their
own interesting characteristics. With the Stellarium planetarium
software, you can get a close up view of the planets and see
their features for yourself.
Background Question – Describe three characteristics of a
planet that you think you could measure from visual
observations.
Object: Explain the purpose of this laboratory assignment in
your own words. What do you think you will accomplish or
learn from this exercise?
Hypothesis: Write a simple hypothesis connected to planetary

2. features that you will be able to test using the Stellarium
software (for example, Jovian planets have faster rotation
period than terrestrial planets)
Procedure:
1) Open the Stellarium software. Open the location window (F6)
and change the planet to the Sun. This will change our
observing location to the center of our Solar System.
2) Open the Sky and Viewing options window (F4). Under the
“Sky” tab, uncheck the Atmosphere, Stars, and Dynamic eye
adaption. Check “Show planet markers” and “Show planet
orbits”.
3) Select the Landscape tab and uncheck “Show ground”.
4) Open the Search window (F3) and enter in Mercury. The
view should shift such that the Mercury is in the center of the
screen. As long as Mercury is actively select, it will remain in
your field of view as you advance time.
5) In the table below, make note of the visible features of
Mercury. This can include over color, surface features such as
craters or ice caps, presence of an atmosphere and cloud
structure, and any visible moons orbiting the planet. You can
also advance time and try to observe in the planet has a faster or
slow rotation.
6) Repeat your observer with each of the eight planets. You can
use the Search window (F3) to shift your view to each planet.
Planet
Color
Atmosphere (yes/no)
Surface Features
Rotation Speed
Any Moons

5. Q1 In your opinion, which planet had the most distinct
appearance?
Q2: Which group of planets (terrestrial or Jovian) appear to
have the most moons?
Q3: Which group of planets (terrestrial or Jovian) appear to
have the fastest rotation?
Q4: Did you have any problem observing the rotation of any
planet? If so, why do you think this was the case?
7) We can use the small angle formula to find the physical
diameter of a planet. Select one planet and record its angular
size in arcseconds and distance from the observer (Distance
displayed in units of millions of km). The physical size of an
astronomical object is equal to the angular size times the
object’s distance divided by 206, 265 ( similar formula can be
found in the textbook on page 29).
8)
Q5: Compare your calculation with the planet radius

6. information in the textbook (Chapter 6 or Appendix E). Is your
calculated radius close to the known value?
9) Continue using Stellarium to test your individual hypothesis.
If you need further direction, please ask your instructor.
Conclusion: In 1-2 paragraphs, explain if your observations and
data support or conflict with your hypothesis and if you have
met your assignment objective. Was there any portion of the
assignment that was particularly interesting or difficult?