NIF Tutorial

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@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix nif: <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#> .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=0,11>
a nif:String , nif:Context , nif:RFC5147String ;
nif:isString "the content"^^xsd:string;
nif:beginIndex "0"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger;
nif:endIndex "11"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger;
nif:sourceUrl <http://differentday.blogspot.com/2007_01_01_archive.html> .

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nif:isString "We talk about Xiamen."^^xsd:string;
a nif:String , nif:RFC5147String ;
nif:referenceContext <http://example.org/document/1#char=0,3680> ;
nif:anchorOf "Xiamen"^^xsd:string ;
nif:beginIndex "14"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ;
nif:endIndex "20"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ;
nif:wasConvertedFrom <http://example.org?t=url&f=html&i=http://somewebpage.
com#char=0,2820> ;
a nif:Word, nif:Phrase ;
itsrdf:taIdentRef <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Xiamen> .
itsrdf:taClassRef <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/City> ;
itsrdf:taClassRef <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Settlement> ;
itsrdf:taClassRef <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/PopulatedPlace> ;
itsrdf:taClassRef <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Place> ;

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a nif:String , nif:RFC5147String , nif:Word, nif:Phrase ;
nif:wasConvertedFrom <http://example.com/?informat=html&intype=url&input=http:
//differentday.blogspot.com/2007_01_01_archive.html/&xpath=/html/body[1]/h2[1]
/span[1]/text()[1]>.

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@prefix itsrdf: <http://www.w3.org/2005/11/its/rdf#> .
itsrdf:taClassRef <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/PopulatedPlace> ;
itsrdf:taClassRef <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Place> ;

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// NIF document for processing - named entity extraction.
// Detected entity mention linked with its DBpedia representation and ontology class.
nif:anchorOf "Xiamen"""^^xsd:string ;

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// Input NIF document for translation.
nif:isString "text to translate"@en;
itsrdf:translate "yes" ;
// Translated document in NIF.
itsrdf:target "translated text"@fr ;

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nif:endIndex "3680"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger.
// String within the document intended for translation.
nif:anchorOf "text"@en;
itsrdf:translate "yes" ;
nif:referenceContext <http://example.org/document/1#char=0,17>.
// String within the document not intended for translation.
nif:anchorOf "translate"@en;
itsrdf:translate "no" ;

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@prefix vt: <http://www.w3.org/2005/11/its/rdf#> .
<http://example.org/document/en#char=0,55>
nif:isString "My destination is only a 'hop-and-a-skip' from my home."@en;
itsrdf:translate "yes" .
// NIF document containing the translated content.
<http://example.org/document/de#char=0,57>
nif:anchorOf "Mein Ziel ist nur ein 'Katzen-sprung' von meinem Zuhause."@de;
// Link between the translated document and the source.
<http://example.org/document/en#char=0,55>
vt:translatedAs <http://example.org/document/de#char=0,57>.

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// Input NIF document to be processed.
nif:isString "A computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to
carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically."@en;
// Annotated terminology in NIF.
nif:anchorOf "computer"@en;
itsrdf:termInfoRef <#1431254> ;
itsrdf:term "yes" ;

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// The NIF document.
nif:isString "Gringoire, a practical philosopher of the streets of Paris."@en;
// Annotated entity mention with link to DBpedia resource.
nif:anchorOf "Gringoire"@en;
itsrdf:taIdentRef <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Pierre_Gringoire> ;
// Visualised NIF: HTML + microdata.
<p><span about="http://dbpedia.org/resource/Pierre_Gringoire" property="schema:name"
>Gringoire</span>, a practical philosopher of the streets of Paris.</p>

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// Annotated entity mention with link to a DBpedia resource.
nif:anchorOf "Berlin"@en;
itsrdf:taIdentRef <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Berlin> .
@prefix geo: <http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#> .
// Entity enriched with geo-coordinates.
nif:anchorOf "Berlin"@en;
itsrdf:taIdentRef <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Berlin>;
geo:lat "52.516666";
geo:long "13.383333" .

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> POST /e-link/?f=turtle&t=direct HTTP/1.1
> Host: sandbox.freme-project.eu
> Accept: application/rdf+xml
>
> ... data for conversion ...
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Type: application/rdf+xml
<
< ... results converted in rdf/xml ...

// The NIF context document.
a nif:String, nif:Context, nif:RFC5147String ;
nif:isString "My favourite actress in Natalie Portman."^^xsd:string ;
// Annotated entity mention with link to a DBpedia resource.
a nif:String, nif:RFC5147String ;
nif:anchorOf "Natalie Portman"@en;
itsrdf:taIdentRef <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Natalie_Portman> ;
nif:referenceContext <http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40> .
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<http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#String> .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#Context> .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#RFC5147String> .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#isString> "My favourite actress in Natalie Portman." .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#beginIndex> "0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger> .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#endIndex> "40"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger> .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#sourceUrl> <http://differentday.blogspot.com/2007_01_01_archive.html> .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=24,39> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#String> .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=24,39> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#RFC5147String> .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=24,39> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#anchorOf> "Natalie Portman"@en .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=24,39> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#beginIndex> "0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger> .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=24,39> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#endIndex> "0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger> .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=24,39> <http://www.w3.org/2005/11/its/rdf#taIdentRef> <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Natalie_Portman> .
<http://example.org/document/1#char=24,39> <http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#referenceContext> <http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40> .
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:nif="http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#"
xmlns:itsrdf="http://www.w3.org/2005/11/its/rdf#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#String"/>
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#Context"/>
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#RFC5147String"/>
<nif:isString rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">My favourite actress in Natalie
Portman.</nif:isString>
<nif:beginIndex rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger">0</nif:beginIndex>
<nif:endIndex rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger">40</nif:endIndex>
<nif:sourceUrl rdf:resource="http://differentday.blogspot.com/2007_01_01_archive.html"/>
</rdf:Description>
<nif:String rdf:about="http://example.org/document/1#char=24,39">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#RFC5147String"/>
<nif:anchorOf xml:lang="en">Natalie Portman</nif:anchorOf>
<nif:beginIndex rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger">0</nif:beginIndex>
<nif:endIndex rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger">0</nif:endIndex>
<nif:taIdentRef rdf:resource="http://dbpedia.org/resource/Natalie_Portman"/>
<itsrdf:referenceContext rdf:resource="http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40"/>
</nif:String>
</rdf:RDF>
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// Description of a person in JSON-LD
{
"@context": "http://json-ld.org/contexts/person.jsonld",
"@id": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/John_Lennon",
"name": "John Lennon",
"born": "1940-10-09",
"spouse": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cynthia_Lennon"
}
// Description of a person in N3 notation
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .
@prefix xml: <http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace> .
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/John_Lennon> schema:birthDate "1940-10-09"^^xsd:dateTime ;
schema:spouse <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cynthia_Lennon> ;
foaf:name "John Lennon" .
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// Description of an event.
{
// Defining short names and links to concepts and properties in an ontology.
"@context": {
"ical": "http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ical#",
"xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
"ical:dtstart": {
"@type": "xsd:dateTime"
}
},
"@id": "http://example.org/resource/Lady_Gaga_Concert_in_New_Orleans",
"ical:summary": "Lady Gaga Concert",
"ical:location": "New Orleans Arena, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA",
"ical:dtstart": "2011-04-09T20:00Z"
}

{
"@context": {
"ical:dtstart": {
"@type": "xsd:dateTime"
}
},
"ical:dtstart": "2011-04-09T20:00Z"
}
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{
"@context": {
"ical:dtstart": {
"@type": "xsd:dateTime" // typed value
},
"Event": "http://schema.org/Event"
},
"ical:dtstart": "2011-04-09T20:00Z",
// typing of the node as "Event"
"@type": "Event"
}
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// The NIF documents is one JSON object.
{
// Prefixes definitions.
"@context": {
"dbpedia": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/",
"itsrdf": "http://www.w3.org/2005/11/its/rdf#",
"nif": "http://persistence.uni-leipzig.org/nlp2rdf/ontologies/nif-core#",
"rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
"rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
"xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
},
...

...
// The instances of concepts such as string annotations and context documents
// are stored in the "@graph" array.
"@graph": [
// Node representing the NIF context document.
{
"@id": "http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40",
"@type": [
"nif:String",
"nif:Context",
"nif:RFC5147String"
],
"nif:beginIndex": {
"@type": "xsd:nonNegativeInteger",
"@value": "0"
},
"nif:endIndex": {
"@type": "xsd:nonNegativeInteger",
"@value": "40"
},
"nif:isString": "My favourite actress in Natalie Portman.",
"nif:sourceUrl": {
"@id": "http://differentday.blogspot.com/2007_01_01_archive.html"
}
}
...

...
// Node representing the string annotation of "Natalie Portman"
{
"@id": "http://example.org/document/1#char=24,39",
"@type": [
"nif:RFC5147String",
"nif:String"
],
"itsrdf:taIdentRef": {
"@id": "dbpedia:Natalie_Portman"
},
"nif:anchorOf": {
"@language": "en",
"@value": "Natalie Portman"
},
"nif:beginIndex": {
"@value": "24"
},
"nif:endIndex": {
"@value": "39"
},
"nif:referenceContext": {
"@id": "http://example.org/document/1#char=0,40"
}
}
] } // End of the NIF document.

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prefix=http://example.org%23 and input "My favourite actress is Natalie Portman."
<http://example.org#char=0,40>
a nif:String, nif:Context, nif:RFC5147String ;
nif:isString "My favourite actress in Natalie Portman."^^xsd:string ;
nif:endIndex "40"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger .
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curl -v "http://spotlight.nlp2rdf.aksw.org/spotlight?f=text&i=This+is+Germany.&t=direct&confidence=0.3"
> GET /spotlight?f=text&i=This+is+Germany.&t=direct&confidence=0.3 HTTP/1.1
> Host: spotlight.nlp2rdf.aksw.org
> Accept: */*
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Type: text/turtle
<
< ... results in turtle ...
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> POST /spotlight?f=text&t=direct&confidence=0.3 HTTP/1.1
> Accept: */*
>
> This is Germany
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Location: http://spotlight.nlp2rdf.aksw.org/spotlight/document154
... after some time the client can check the results at the URI in the Location header.
> GET /http://spotlight.nlp2rdf.aksw.org/spotlight/document154 HTTP/1.1
> Accept: */*
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
<
< ... results in turtle ...
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https://github.com/NLP2RDF/software

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