it is about philosophy,some popular philosopher and their philosophical ideas

2. Philosophy is the study of
humans and the world by
thinking and asking questions
A way of thinking about the world, the
universe, and society.
The ancient Greeks used this term to refer to “love of
wisdom” and they soon applied it to the study or discipline
that uses human reason to investigate the ultimate causes,
reasons, and principles which govern all things.
Philos (Love)
Sophia(Wisdom)
WHY?
The study of general and fundamental
questions about existence, knowledge, values,
reason, mind, and language.

4. Metaphysics
The study of the universe
and reality

5. Logic
How to create a valid
argument
Study of valid
inference and correct
reasoning

6. The study of knowledge and how
we acquire knowledge

7. Aesthetics
The study of art and beauty

8. Politics The study of political rights, government, and the
role of citizens

9. Ethics
The study of morality and how one
should live his life.

10. PHILOSOPHER

11. PYTHAGORAS
• Greek philosopher whose teachings emphasized
the immortality and transmigration of the soul
(reincarnation), virtuous, humane behavior
toward all living things, and the concept of
"number" as truth in that mathematics not only
cleared the mind but allowed for an objective
comprehension of reality.

12. Thales
• The most prominent feature of
Thales's philosophy was that
water was the source of all
things, called the arche. Using
an early form of scientific
inquiry, Thales observed the
prominence of water in the
world and thus concluded that
land floated on water.

13. Heraclitus
• The central idea of Heraclitus'
philosophy is the unity of opposites
and the concept of change. He also
saw harmony and justice in strife.
He viewed the world as constantly
in flux, always "becoming" but
never "being". He expressed this in
sayings like panta rhei ("Everything
flows") and "No man ever steps in
the same river twice."

14. Socrates
• He believed that no one
does wrong voluntarily.
Evil is the result of
ignorance. If people knew
what was the right thing to
do they would do it. We
always choose what we
think is the best or good
for us.

15. Plato
• Plato believed that reality is
divided into two parts: the ideal
and the phenomena. The ideal is
the perfect reality of existence.
The phenomena are the physical
world that we experience; it is a
flawed echo of the perfect, ideal
model that exists outside of
space and time. Plato calls the
perfect ideal the Forms.

16. Aristotle
• In his metaphysics, he claims that there
must be a separate and unchanging
being that is the source of all other
beings. In his ethics, he holds that it is
only by becoming excellent that one
could achieve eudaimonia, a sort of
happiness or blessedness that
constitutes the best kind of human life.

17. Anaximenes
• He is best known for his
doctrine that air is the source
of all things. In this way, he
differed with his predecessors
like Thales, who held that
water is the source of all
things, and Anaximander, who
thought that all things came
from an unspecified
boundless stuff.