Wilderness Medicine in the Neotropics discusses the challenges of providing medical care in tropical developing countries. It notes limited local medical services and infrastructure. Outdoor groups must thoroughly research available evacuation options and be self-sufficient due to delays. Tropical diseases spread by mosquitoes, flies, parasites and water pose risks and require prevention strategies like insect protection and water treatment. Tropical wounds are common and can become infected. Venomous snakes, spiders and insects as well as water creatures also present risks. Staff require specialized tropical medicine and language training while carrying supplemental medical kits. Groups must effectively prepare clients through education and vaccinations. Being informed and respectful of the local environment and inhabitants is important for safe exploration.

1. Wilderness Medicine in the Neotropics: Challenges and special considerations Luis A Camargo and Shana Lee Tarter Instituto de Medicina para Areas Silvestres (OpEPA) / Wilderness Medicine Institute of NOLS WRMC 2005

4. The Neotropics

12. Emergency Service Inventory

13. Hospital Profile Screening

17. Tropical Diseases

18. Distribution Global warming and climate change are recognized as mayor factors in changing distribution of infectious disease and vectors. Tropical diseases are becoming an increasing threat to non tropical areas. Malaria (2002, Future Risk) Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Onchocersiasis Soil Hemintiasis Lymphatic Filariasis

19. Transmission

31. Snakes!

32. Vipers

33. Vipers

34. Elapids

35. Elapids

36. Psyche!

37. Antivenoms Probiol, COLOMBIA Wyeth, USA Instituto Clodomiro Picado, COSTA RICA Avoid using Suction Devices on snake bites!

38. Spiders

39. Amphibians (Poison Dart Frogs)

40. Insects

41. Water Critters

68. Questions?