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Biochemistry & medicine
introduction

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1 、 definition
• Science concerned with
chemical basis of life

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• Science concerned with
the chemical constituents
of living cells and with the
reaction and process that
they undergo

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2 、 The aim of
biochemistry
• Describe and explain in
molecular term
• All chemical process of
living cell

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（ 1 ） major objective of
biochemistry
Complete understanding at
the molecular level of all the
chemical processes associated with
living cells

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• determine
• isolation
• analyze

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(2) Further objective
Attempt to understand
how life began

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• An appreciation of the
biochemistry of less complex
form of life is often direct
relevance to human
biochemistry

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3.knowledge of biochemistry is
essential to all life science

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• immunology
•physiology
• pharmacology
• pathology
• microbiology

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4 、 reciprocal relationship
between biochemistry &
medicine has stimulated
mutual advance

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* Biochemistry studies have
illuminated many aspects of
health & disease
* the study of various aspects of
health & disease has opened up
new areas of biochemistry

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biochemistry
Nucleic
acid
protein lipid Carbohydrates
Genetic
disease
Sickle cell
anemia
medicine
arteriosclerosis Diabetes
mellitus

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5. Normal biochemical
processes are the basis
of health

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Definition of health
“Complete physical,mental &
social well-being and not merely
the absence of disease and
infirmity”
------WHO

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• The situation in which all of the many
thousands of intra & extra cellular
reactions that occur in the body are
proceeding at the rates commensurate
with its maximal survival in the
physiological state
A strictly biochemistry viewpoint about health:

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6. Biochemical research has
impact on nutrition and
preventive medicine

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7. all disease has a
biochemical basis

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(1)physical agent:
mechanical trauma,
extremes of temperature,
sudden changes in atmospheric
pressure,
radiation,
electric shock

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(2)chemical agents:
drugs,
certain toxic compounds,
therapeutic drugs

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(3)biologic agents:
Viruses,
Bacteria,
Fungi,
Higher forms of parasites

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(4) oxygen lack
loss of blood supply,
depletion of the oxygen-carrying capacity
of the blood,
poisoning of the oxidative enzyme

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(5) genetic disorders:
Congenital , molecular

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(6) immunology reaction
Anaphylaxis,
Autoimmune disease

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(7) nutritional imbalances
Deficiencies,excesses

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(8) Endocrine imbalances
hormonal
deficiencies,excesses

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8. Biochemical studies
contribute to
diagnosis, prognosis
& treatment

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Disease causes
scurvy deficiencies of vitamin
rickets C,D respectively
Arteriosclerosis genetic,dietary
environment factors
Phenylketonuria mainly mutation in
the gene coding
phenylalanine hydroxylase

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Disease causes
Cystic fibrosis mutation in the gene
coding the CFTR
protein
Cholera exotoxin of
vibrio cholera
Diabetes type I genetic and
environment factors resulting in
deficiency of insulin

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9.many biochemical studies
illuminate disease
mechanisms & disease
inspire biochemical

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Use example
(1) to reveal the fundamental demonstration
causes &mechanisms of the genetic
of diseases defects in CF
(2) to suggest rational use of a diet low in
treatment of diseases phenylalanine
for the treatment of s
phenylketonuria(3) to assist in the diagnosis use of the plasma
of specific disease enzyme CK-MB in
the diagnosis of

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Use example
(4) To act as screening use of measurement of
tests for the early blood tyrosine or
diagnosis of certain diseases TSH in the
neonatal diagnosis
of congenital
hypothyroidism

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Use example
(5)To assist in monitoring use of the plasma enzyme
the progress of certain ALT in monitoring the
disease progress of infectious
hepatitis
(6) To assist in assessing the use of measurement of
response of diseases to therapy blood CEA in certain
patients who have
been treated for cancer
of the colon