ENGLISH

1. THE BHAVAN’S PROMINENT
SCHOOL
• NAME :- KAVISH KALRA
• CLASS :- 11TH' C'
• SUBJECT :- ENGLISH
• DATE :- 1/11/2022
• SUBMITED TO :- MS .APRILA MA’AM👩 🏫
THE BHAVAN’S PROMINENT

2. WHO WAS KING TUT?
ENETIC TESTING HAS VERIFIED THAT KING TUT WAS THE GRANDSON OF T
MENHOTEP III, AND ALMOST CERTAINLY THE SON OF AKHENATEN, A CONT
HE HISTORY OF THE 18TH DYNASTY OF EGYPT’S NEW KINGDOM (C.1550
PENDED A CENTURIES-OLD RELIGIOUS SYSTEM TO
PENDED A CENTURIES-OLD RELIGIOUS SYSTEM TO
OD ATEN, AND MOVED EGYPT’S RELIGIOUS CAPITAL FROM THEBES TO AMA
FTER AKHENATEN’S DEATH, TWO INTERVENING PHARAOHS BRIEFLY REIGNE
EAR-OLD PRINCE, THEN CALLED TUTANKHATEN, TOOK THE THRONE.
WHO WAS KING TUT?
ENETIC TESTING HAS VERIFIED THAT KING TUT WAS THE GRANDSON OF THE GREAT PHARAOH
MENHOTEP III, AND ALMOST CERTAINLY THE SON OF AKHENATEN, A CONTROVERSIAL FIGURE I
DYNASTY OF EGYPT’S NEW KINGDOM (C.1550-1295 B.C.). AKHENATEN
OLD RELIGIOUS SYSTEM TO FAVOR WORSHIP OF A SINGLE DEITY, THE SUN
OLD RELIGIOUS SYSTEM TO FAVOR WORSHIP OF A SINGLE DEITY, THE SUN
OD ATEN, AND MOVED EGYPT’S RELIGIOUS CAPITAL FROM THEBES TO AMARNA.
FTER AKHENATEN’S DEATH, TWO INTERVENING PHARAOHS BRIEFLY REIGNED BEFORE THE NINE-
, TOOK THE THRONE.

3. How Did King Tut Die?
HERE ARE MANY THEORIES AS TO WHAT KILLED KING TUT AT THE AGE OF
HYSICALLY FRAIL, WITH A CRIPPLING BONE DISEASE IN HIS CLUBBED L
HARAOH KNOWN TO HAVE BEEN DEPICTED SEATED WHILE ENGAGED IN PHYS
ARCHERY. TRADITIONAL INBREEDING IN THE EGYPTIAN ROYAL FAMILY ALS
ARCHERY. TRADITIONAL INBREEDING IN THE EGYPTIAN ROYAL FAMILY ALS
HE BOY KING’S POOR HEALTH AND EARLY DEATH. DNA TESTS PUBLISHED
UTANKHAMUN’S PARENTS WERE BROTHER AND SISTER, AND THAT KING TUT
WAS ALSO HIS HALF-SISTER. THEIR ONLY TWO DAUGHTERS WERE STILLBOR
ECAUSE TUTANKHAMUN’S REMAINS REVEALED A HOLE IN THE BACK OF THE
AD CONCLUDED THAT THE YOUNG KING WAS ASSASSINATED, BUT RECENT T
OLE WAS MADE DURING MUMMIFICATION. CT SCANS IN 1995 SHOWED THAT
NFECTED BROKEN LEFT LEG, WHILE DNA FROM HIS MUMMY REVEALED EVID
MALARIA INFECTIONS, ALL OF WHICH MAY HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO HIS EAR
How Did King Tut Die?
HERE ARE MANY THEORIES AS TO WHAT KILLED KING TUT AT THE AGE OF 19. HE WAS TALL BUT
HYSICALLY FRAIL, WITH A CRIPPLING BONE DISEASE IN HIS CLUBBED LEFT FOOT. HE IS THE ONLY
HARAOH KNOWN TO HAVE BEEN DEPICTED SEATED WHILE ENGAGED IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES LIKE
ARCHERY. TRADITIONAL INBREEDING IN THE EGYPTIAN ROYAL FAMILY ALSO LIKELY CONTRIBUTED TO
ARCHERY. TRADITIONAL INBREEDING IN THE EGYPTIAN ROYAL FAMILY ALSO LIKELY CONTRIBUTED TO
HE BOY KING’S POOR HEALTH AND EARLY DEATH. DNA TESTS PUBLISHED IN 2010 REVEALED THAT
UTANKHAMUN’S PARENTS WERE BROTHER AND SISTER, AND THAT KING TUT’S WIFE ANKHESENAMUN
SISTER. THEIR ONLY TWO DAUGHTERS WERE STILLBORN.
ECAUSE TUTANKHAMUN’S REMAINS REVEALED A HOLE IN THE BACK OF THE SKULL, SOME HISTORIAN
AD CONCLUDED THAT THE YOUNG KING WAS ASSASSINATED, BUT RECENT TESTS SUGGEST THAT THE
OLE WAS MADE DURING MUMMIFICATION. CT SCANS IN 1995 SHOWED THAT THE KING HAD AN
NFECTED BROKEN LEFT LEG, WHILE DNA FROM HIS MUMMY REVEALED EVIDENCE OF MULTIPLE
MALARIA INFECTIONS, ALL OF WHICH MAY HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO HIS EARLY DEATH.

4. King Tut: Mummy
omb
ER HE DIED, TUTANKHAMUN WAS MUMMIFIED ACCORDING TO EGYPTIAN R
YAL BODIES SHOULD BE PRESERVED AND PROVISIONED FOR THE AFTERLI
APPED HIM IN RESIN-SOAKED BANDAGES, A 24-POUND SOLID GOLD PORT
D SHOULDERS AND HE WAS LAID IN A SERIES OF NESTED CONTAINERS
RCOPHAGUS AND FOUR GILDED WOODEN SHRINES, THE LARGEST OF WHICH
AMBER.
CAUSE OF HIS TOMB’S SMALL SIZE, HISTORIANS SUGGEST KING
RIAL RUSHED BY AY, WHO SUCCEEDED HIM AS PHARAOH. THE TOMB’S AN
LING WITH MORE THAN 5,000 ARTIFACTS, INCLUDING FURNITURE, CHARIOTS, CLOTHES, WEAPONS AND 130 OF TH
ME KING’S WALKING STICKS.
ENTRANCE CORRIDOR WAS APPARENTLY LOOTED SOON AFTER THE BURIA
ALED. THE PHARAOHS WHO FOLLOWED KING TUT CHOSE TO IGNORE HIS R
UN, TUTANKHAMUN WAS TAINTED BY THE CONNECTION TO HIS FATHER’S RELI
NERATIONS, THE TOMB’S ENTRANCE HAD BEEN CLOGGED WITH STONE DEB
D FORGOTTEN.
King Tut: Mummy and
ER HE DIED, TUTANKHAMUN WAS MUMMIFIED ACCORDING TO EGYPTIAN RELIGIOUS TRADITION, WHICH HELD THA
YAL BODIES SHOULD BE PRESERVED AND PROVISIONED FOR THE AFTERLIFE. EMBALMERS REMOVED HIS ORGANS A
POUND SOLID GOLD PORTRAIT MASK WAS PLACED OVER HIS HEA
D SHOULDERS AND HE WAS LAID IN A SERIES OF NESTED CONTAINERS—THREE GOLDEN COFFINS, A GRANITE
RCOPHAGUS AND FOUR GILDED WOODEN SHRINES, THE LARGEST OF WHICH BARELY FIT INTO THE TOMB’S BURIAL
CAUSE OF HIS TOMB’S SMALL SIZE, HISTORIANS SUGGEST KING TUT’S DEATH MUST HAVE BEEN UNEXPECTED AND HI
RIAL RUSHED BY AY, WHO SUCCEEDED HIM AS PHARAOH. THE TOMB’S ANTECHAMBERS WERE PACKED TO THE
, INCLUDING FURNITURE, CHARIOTS, CLOTHES, WEAPONS AND 130 OF TH
ENTRANCE CORRIDOR WAS APPARENTLY LOOTED SOON AFTER THE BURIAL, BUT THE INNER ROOMS REMAINED
ALED. THE PHARAOHS WHO FOLLOWED KING TUT CHOSE TO IGNORE HIS REIGN, AS DESPITE HIS WORK RESTORING
, TUTANKHAMUN WAS TAINTED BY THE CONNECTION TO HIS FATHER’S RELIGIOUS UPHEAVALS. WITHIN A FEW
NERATIONS, THE TOMB’S ENTRANCE HAD BEEN CLOGGED WITH STONE DEBRIS, BUILT OVER BY WORKMEN’S HUTS

5. FAMILY 👨 👩 👧
UTANKHAMUN, WHOSE ORIGINAL NAME WAS TUTANKHATEN OR TUTANKHUATEN
URING THE LATE EIGHTEENTH DYNASTY OF EGYPT.[12] AKHENATEN’S REI
GYPTIAN RELIGION, KNOWN AS ATENISM, AND THE RELOCATION OF THE CAPITAL TO THE SITE OF AMARNA, WHICH
HE MODERN TERM FOR THIS ERA, THE AMARNA PERIOD.[13] TOWARD THE
PPEAR IN THE RECORD WHO WERE APPARENTLY AKHENATEN’S CO
EEN AKHENATEN’S WIFE NEFERTITI OR HIS DAUGHTER MERITATEN; AND
AME PERSON AS NEFERNEFERUATEN BUT MOST REGARD AS A DISTINCT FIGURE.[14] IT IS UNCERTAIN WHETH
UTLASTED AKHENATEN’S, WHEREAS NEFERNEFERUATEN IS NOW THOUGHT TO HAVE BECOME CO
KHENATEN’S DEATH AND TO HAVE REIGNED FOR SOME TIME AFTER IT.[15
N INSCRIPTION FROM HERMOPOLIS REFERS TO “TUTANKHUATEN” AS A “KING’S SON”, AND HE IS GENERALLY THOUGHT TO HAVE BEE
HE SON OF AKHENATEN,[16] ALTHOUGH SOME SUGGEST INSTEAD THAT
UTANKHAMUN’S REIGN TREAT HIM AS A SON OF AKHENATEN’S FATHER, AM
7-YEAR REIGN INCLUDED A LONG CO-REGENCY WITH HIS FATHER,[18] A
UT IS NOW BEING ABANDONED.[19]
HILE SOME SUGGESTIONS HAVE BEEN MADE THAT TUTANKHAMUN’S MOTHER
KHENATEN AND NEFERTITI, BASED ON A RELIEF FROM THE ROYAL TOMB A
IVEN THAT SHE WAS ABOUT 10 YEARS OLD AT THE TIME OF HER DEATH.[
S HIS MOTHER.[B][23] MERITATEN HAS ALSO BEEN PUT FORWARD AS HIS MOTHER BASED ON A RE
ORONATION TUNIC FOUND IN HIS TOMB.[24] TUTANKHAMUN WAS WET NURS
OMB AT SAQQARA.[25][26]
👧 👦
TUTANKHUATEN, WAS BORN DURING THE REIGN OF AKHENATEN,
URING THE LATE EIGHTEENTH DYNASTY OF EGYPT.[12] AKHENATEN’S REIGN WAS CHARACTERIZED BY A DRAMATIC SHIFT IN ANCIEN
, AND THE RELOCATION OF THE CAPITAL TO THE SITE OF AMARNA, WHICH GAVE ITS NAME
HE MODERN TERM FOR THIS ERA, THE AMARNA PERIOD.[13] TOWARD THE END OF THE AMARNA PERIOD, TWO OTHER PHARAOHS
PPEAR IN THE RECORD WHO WERE APPARENTLY AKHENATEN’S CO-REGENTS: NEFERNEFERUATEN, A FEMALE RULER WHO MAY HAVE
; AND SMENKHKARE, WHOM SOME EGYPTOLOGISTS BELIEVE WAS TH
BUT MOST REGARD AS A DISTINCT FIGURE.[14] IT IS UNCERTAIN WHETHER SMENKHKARE’S REIGN
IS NOW THOUGHT TO HAVE BECOME CO-REGENT SHORTLY BEFORE
KHENATEN’S DEATH AND TO HAVE REIGNED FOR SOME TIME AFTER IT.[15]
” AS A “KING’S SON”, AND HE IS GENERALLY THOUGHT TO HAVE BEE
HE SON OF AKHENATEN,[16] ALTHOUGH SOME SUGGEST INSTEAD THAT SMENKHKARE WAS HIS FATHER.[17] INSCRIPTIONS FROM
UTANKHAMUN’S REIGN TREAT HIM AS A SON OF AKHENATEN’S FATHER, AMENHOTEP III, BUT THAT IS ONLY POSSIBLE IF AKHENATEN’S
REGENCY WITH HIS FATHER,[18] A POSSIBILITY THAT MANY EGYPTOLOGISTS ONCE SUPPORTED
HILE SOME SUGGESTIONS HAVE BEEN MADE THAT TUTANKHAMUN’S MOTHER WAS MEKETATEN, THE SECOND DAUGHTER OF
KHENATEN AND NEFERTITI, BASED ON A RELIEF FROM THE ROYAL TOMB AT AMARNA,[A] THIS POSSIBILITY HAS BEEN DEEMED UNLIKEL
IVEN THAT SHE WAS ABOUT 10 YEARS OLD AT THE TIME OF HER DEATH.[21] ANOTHER INTERPRETATION OF THE RELIEF NAMES NEFERTI
HAS ALSO BEEN PUT FORWARD AS HIS MOTHER BASED ON A RE-EXAMINATION OF A BOX LID AND
ORONATION TUNIC FOUND IN HIS TOMB.[24] TUTANKHAMUN WAS WET NURSED BY A WOMAN NAMED MAIA, KNOWN FROM HER

6. 008, GENETIC ANALYSIS WAS CARRIED OUT ON THE MUMMIFIED REMAI
NEW KINGDOM ROYALTY BY A TEAM FROM UNIVERSITY OF CAIRO. THE R
MB KV55, IDENTIFIED AS AKHENATEN, AND THAT HIS MOTHER WAS THE
O WAS FOUND TO BE A FULL SISTER OF HER HUSBAND.[27] THE TEAM R
AS THE FATHER OF THE INDIVIDUAL IN KV55, WHO WAS IN TURN TH
LISHED IN 2020, REVEALED TUTANKHAMUN HAD THE HAPLOGROUPS
R EAST. HE SHARES THIS Y-HAPLOGROUP WITH HIS FATHER, THE KV55 MUMMY (AKHENATEN), AND GRANDFATHER, A
D HIS MTDNA HAPLOGROUP WITH HIS MOTHER, THE YOUNGER LADY, HIS GRANDMOTHER,
YA, UPHOLDING THE RESULTS OF THE EARLIER GENETIC STUDY. THE PROFIL
OMPLETE AND THE ANALYSIS PRODUCED DIFFERING PROBABILITY FIGUR
RELATIONSHIPS OF THESE TWO MUMMIES WITH THE KV55 MUMMY HAD P
LOGROUP PREDICTION OF BOTH MUMMIES COULD BE DERIVED FROM THE FULL PROFI
HROPOLOGIST S.O.Y. KEITA STATED THAT GENETIC ANALYSIS FROM TH
LISHED STR DATA INDICATE A TROPICAL AFRICAN ELEMENT IN THEIR
SHE CANNOT BE NEFERTITI, AS SHE WAS NOT KNOWN TO BE A SISTER
BOLDE AND AIDAN DODSON CLAIM THAT NEFERTITI WAS INDEED TUTANKHAMUN’S
ULTS, THE GENETIC CLOSENESS IS NOT DUE TO A BROTHER-SISTER PA
RRIAGE, MAKING NEFERTITI A FIRST COUSIN OF AKHENATEN.[32] THE
RRIAGE, MAKING NEFERTITI A FIRST COUSIN OF AKHENATEN.[32] THE
MMIFIED REMAINS HAS BEEN QUESTIONED DUE TO POSSIBLE DEGRADATIO
EN TUTANKHATEN BECAME KING, HE MARRIED ANKHESENPAATEN, ONE OF AKHENATEN’S DAUGHTERS, WHO LATER CHANGED HER
ME TO ANKHESENAMUN.[34] THEY HAD TWO DAUGHTERS, NEITHER OF WHOM SURVIVED INFANCY.[
NETIC PROFILE WAS OBTAINED FROM THE TWO MUMMIFIED FOETUSES, IT
HER.[27] LIKEWISE, ONLY PARTIAL DATA FOR THE TWO FEMALE MUMMI
GESTED AS THE MOTHER OF THE FOETUSES BUT THE DATA IS NOT STAT
NTIFIED AS ANKHESENAMUN.[27] COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY STUDIES PUBLISHED IN 2011 REVEALED THA
MATURELY AT 5–6 MONTHS OF PREGNANCY AND THE OTHER AT FULL
HE ROYAL LINE OF THE 18TH DYNASTY.[35]
008, GENETIC ANALYSIS WAS CARRIED OUT ON THE MUMMIFIED REMAINS OF TUTANKHAMUN AND OTHERS THOUGHT OR KNOWN T
NEW KINGDOM ROYALTY BY A TEAM FROM UNIVERSITY OF CAIRO. THE RESULTS INDICATED THAT HIS FATHER WAS THE MUMMY FROM
MB KV55, IDENTIFIED AS AKHENATEN, AND THAT HIS MOTHER WAS THE MUMMY FROM TOMB KV35, KNOWN AS THE “YOUNGER LADY
O WAS FOUND TO BE A FULL SISTER OF HER HUSBAND.[27] THE TEAM REPORTED IT WAS OVER 99.99 PERCENT CERTAIN THAT AMENHO
AS THE FATHER OF THE INDIVIDUAL IN KV55, WHO WAS IN TURN THE FATHER OF TUTANKHAMUN.[28] MORE RECENT GENETIC ANALY
HAPLOGROUPS YDNA R1B AND MTDNA K, BOTH OF WHICH ORIGINATED IN THE
WITH HIS FATHER, THE KV55 MUMMY (AKHENATEN), AND GRANDFATHER, AMENHOTEP III,
WITH HIS MOTHER, THE YOUNGER LADY, HIS GRANDMOTHER, TIYE, AND HIS GREAT-GRANDMOTHER,
, UPHOLDING THE RESULTS OF THE EARLIER GENETIC STUDY. THE PROFILES FOR TUTANKHAMUN AND AMENHOTEP III WERE
OMPLETE AND THE ANALYSIS PRODUCED DIFFERING PROBABILITY FIGURES DESPITE HAVING CONCORDANT ALLELE RESULTS. BECAUS
RELATIONSHIPS OF THESE TWO MUMMIES WITH THE KV55 MUMMY HAD PREVIOUSLY BEEN CONFIRMED IN AN EARLIER STUDY, THE
PREDICTION OF BOTH MUMMIES COULD BE DERIVED FROM THE FULL PROFILE OF THE KV55 DATA.[29] IN 2022, BIOLOGICA
HROPOLOGIST S.O.Y. KEITA STATED THAT GENETIC ANALYSIS FROM THE NEW KINGDOM AMARNA AND THEBAN MUMMIES “USING
LISHED STR DATA INDICATE A TROPICAL AFRICAN ELEMENT IN THEIR ANCESTRY”.[30] THE IDENTITY OF THE YOUNGER LADY IS UNKNO
SHE CANNOT BE NEFERTITI, AS SHE WAS NOT KNOWN TO BE A SISTER OF AKHENATEN.[31] HOWEVER, RESEARCHERS SUCH AS MARC
AND AIDAN DODSON CLAIM THAT NEFERTITI WAS INDEED TUTANKHAMUN’S MOTHER. IN THIS INTERPRETATION OF THE DNA
SISTER PAIRING BUT THE RESULT OF THREE GENERATIONS OF FIRST-COUSIN
RRIAGE, MAKING NEFERTITI A FIRST COUSIN OF AKHENATEN.[32] THE VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE GENETIC DATA FROM
RRIAGE, MAKING NEFERTITI A FIRST COUSIN OF AKHENATEN.[32] THE VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE GENETIC DATA FROM
MMIFIED REMAINS HAS BEEN QUESTIONED DUE TO POSSIBLE DEGRADATION DUE TO DECAY.[33]
, ONE OF AKHENATEN’S DAUGHTERS, WHO LATER CHANGED HER
.[34] THEY HAD TWO DAUGHTERS, NEITHER OF WHOM SURVIVED INFANCY.[27] WHILE ONLY AN INCOMPLETE
NETIC PROFILE WAS OBTAINED FROM THE TWO MUMMIFIED FOETUSES, IT WAS ENOUGH TO CONFIRM THAT TUTANKHAMUN WAS THEI
HER.[27] LIKEWISE, ONLY PARTIAL DATA FOR THE TWO FEMALE MUMMIES FROM KV21 HAS BEEN OBTAINED SO FAR. KV21A HAS BEEN
GESTED AS THE MOTHER OF THE FOETUSES BUT THE DATA IS NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT ENOUGH TO ALLOW HER TO BE SECURE
.[27] COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY STUDIES PUBLISHED IN 2011 REVEALED THAT ONE DAUGHTER WAS BORN
6 MONTHS OF PREGNANCY AND THE OTHER AT FULL-TERM, 9 MONTHS.[8] TUTANKHAMUN’S DEATH MARKED THE END

7. FAMILY TREE
🌴 🌳 🌳 🌴

8. WHO FOUND KING TUT
TOMB
UTANKHAMUN’S MUMMY WAS DISCOVERED BY ENGLISH EGYPTOLOGIST
AND HIS TEAM ON OCTOBER 28, 1925 IN TOMB KV62 OF EGYPT’S VALLEY
UTANKHAMUN WAS THE 13TH PHARAOH OF THE 18
GYPT, MAKING HIS MUMMY OVER 3,300 YEARS OLD.[2] TUTANKHAMUN’S M
ONLY ROYAL MUMMY TO HAVE BEEN FOUND ENTIRELY UNDISTURBED.[3]
ONLY ROYAL MUMMY TO HAVE BEEN FOUND ENTIRELY UNDISTURBED.[3]
HE BURIAL CHAMBER WAS FOUND IN 1922, BUT WAS NOT OPENED UNTIL A
EARS PASSED BETWEEN THE DISCOVERY OF THE TOMB AND THAT OF THE M
AMOUS DEATH MASK. THE DISCOVERY OF THE TOMB AS A WHOLE WAS ONE
IGNIFICANT AND FAMOUS ARCHEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES IN MODERN TIMES. THERE HAS
EEN MUCH SPECULATION ABOUT THE KING’S LIFE AND CAUSE OF DEATH S
NFORMATION ABOUT HIM IS KNOWN.[4]
WHO FOUND KING TUT
UTANKHAMUN’S MUMMY WAS DISCOVERED BY ENGLISH EGYPTOLOGIST HOWARD CARTER
AND HIS TEAM ON OCTOBER 28, 1925 IN TOMB KV62 OF EGYPT’S VALLEY OF THE KINGS.[1]
PHARAOH OF THE 18TH DYNASTY OF THE NEW KINGDOM OF
GYPT, MAKING HIS MUMMY OVER 3,300 YEARS OLD.[2] TUTANKHAMUN’S MUMMY IS THE
ONLY ROYAL MUMMY TO HAVE BEEN FOUND ENTIRELY UNDISTURBED.[3]
ONLY ROYAL MUMMY TO HAVE BEEN FOUND ENTIRELY UNDISTURBED.[3]
HE BURIAL CHAMBER WAS FOUND IN 1922, BUT WAS NOT OPENED UNTIL A YEAR LATER. TWO
EARS PASSED BETWEEN THE DISCOVERY OF THE TOMB AND THAT OF THE MUMMY AND ITS
AMOUS DEATH MASK. THE DISCOVERY OF THE TOMB AS A WHOLE WAS ONE OF THE MOST
DISCOVERIES IN MODERN TIMES. THERE HAS
EEN MUCH SPECULATION ABOUT THE KING’S LIFE AND CAUSE OF DEATH SINCE VERY LITTLE

9. VALLEY OF THE KING
👑
• LOCATION :--LUXOR, EGYPT
• REGION :-- ARAB STATE
THE VALLEY STANDS ON THE WEST BANK OF THE NILE OPPOSITE THEBES (
NECROPOLIS.[5] THE WADI CONSISTS OF TWO VALLEYS: THE EAST VALLEY (WHERE THE MAJORITY OF
SITUATED) AND THE WEST VALLEY (VALLEY OF THE MONKEYS).[6][7]
WITH THE 2005 DISCOVERY OF A NEW CHAMBER AND THE 2008 DISCOVERY
WITH THE 2005 DISCOVERY OF A NEW CHAMBER AND THE 2008 DISCOVERY
KNOWN TO CONTAIN 63 TOMBS AND CHAMBERS (RANGING IN SIZE FROM KV5
OVER 120 CHAMBERS).[9] IT WAS THE PRINCIPAL BURIAL PLACE OF THE
WELL AS A NUMBER OF PRIVILEGED NOBLES. THE ROYAL TOMBS ARE DECOR
GIVE CLUES AS TO THE BELIEFS AND FUNERARY PRACTICES OF THE PERIO
AND ROBBED IN ANTIQUITY, BUT THEY STILL GIVE AN IDEA OF THE OPUL
THIS AREA HAS BEEN A FOCUS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND EGYPTOLOGICAL E
CENTURY, AND ITS TOMBS AND BURIALS CONTINUE TO STIMULATE RESEARC
FAMOUS FOR THE DISCOVERY OF THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN,[10] AND IS
THE WORLD. IN 1979, IT BECAME A WORLD HERITAGE SITE, ALONG WITH
EXCAVATION AND CONSERVATION CONTINUES IN THE VALLEY, AND A NEW T
VALLEY OF THE KING 👑
THE VALLEY STANDS ON THE WEST BANK OF THE NILE OPPOSITE THEBES (MODERN LUXOR), WITHIN THE HEART OF THE THEBAN
CONSISTS OF TWO VALLEYS: THE EAST VALLEY (WHERE THE MAJORITY OF THE ROYAL TOMBS ARE
SITUATED) AND THE WEST VALLEY (VALLEY OF THE MONKEYS).[6][7]
WITH THE 2005 DISCOVERY OF A NEW CHAMBER AND THE 2008 DISCOVERY OF TWO FURTHER TOMB ENTRANCES,[8] THE VALLEY IS
WITH THE 2005 DISCOVERY OF A NEW CHAMBER AND THE 2008 DISCOVERY OF TWO FURTHER TOMB ENTRANCES,[8] THE VALLEY IS
KNOWN TO CONTAIN 63 TOMBS AND CHAMBERS (RANGING IN SIZE FROM KV54, A SIMPLE PIT, TO KV5, A COMPLEX TOMB WITH
OVER 120 CHAMBERS).[9] IT WAS THE PRINCIPAL BURIAL PLACE OF THE MAJOR ROYAL FIGURES OF THE EGYPTIAN NEW KINGDOM
WELL AS A NUMBER OF PRIVILEGED NOBLES. THE ROYAL TOMBS ARE DECORATED WITH SCENES FROM EGYPTIAN MYTHOLOGY AN
GIVE CLUES AS TO THE BELIEFS AND FUNERARY PRACTICES OF THE PERIOD. ALMOST ALL OF THE TOMBS SEEM TO HAVE BEEN OPEN
AND ROBBED IN ANTIQUITY, BUT THEY STILL GIVE AN IDEA OF THE OPULENCE AND POWER OF THE PHARAOHS.
THIS AREA HAS BEEN A FOCUS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND EGYPTOLOGICAL EXPLORATION SINCE THE END OF THE EIGHTEENTH
CENTURY, AND ITS TOMBS AND BURIALS CONTINUE TO STIMULATE RESEARCH AND INTEREST. SINCE THE 1920S, THE VALLEY HAS BE
FAMOUS FOR THE DISCOVERY OF THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN,[10] AND IS ONE OF THE MOST FAMOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES
THE WORLD. IN 1979, IT BECAME A WORLD HERITAGE SITE, ALONG WITH THE REST OF THE THEBAN NECROPOLIS.[11] EXPLORATION
EXCAVATION AND CONSERVATION CONTINUES IN THE VALLEY, AND A NEW TOURIST CENTRE HAS RECENTLY BEEN OPENED.

10. MAP OF VALLEY OF THE KING

11. ARCHITECTURE OF TOM
HE USUAL TOMB PLAN CONSISTED OF A LONG INCLINED ROCK
HROUGH ONE OR MORE HALLS (POSSIBLY MIRRORING THE DESCENDING PAT
NTO THE UNDERWORLD[57]) TO THE BURIAL CHAMBER. IN THE EARLIER T
0 DEGREES AT LEAST ONCE (SUCH AS KV43, THE TOMB OF THUTMOSE IV)
AD CARTOUCHE-SHAPED BURIAL CHAMBERS (FOR EXAMPLE, KV43, THE TOM
HIS LAYOUT IS KNOWN AS “BENT AXIS”,[59] AFTER THE BURIAL THE UP
O BE FILLED WITH RUBBLE AND THE ENTRANCE TO THE TOMB HIDDEN.[60
HE LAYOUT GRADUALLY STRAIGHTENED, WITH AN INTERMEDIATE “JOGGED
OREMHEB, KV57 IS TYPICAL OF THIS LAYOUT AND IS ONE OF THE TOMBS THAT IS
HE LAYOUT GRADUALLY STRAIGHTENED, WITH AN INTERMEDIATE “JOGGED
OREMHEB, KV57 IS TYPICAL OF THIS LAYOUT AND IS ONE OF THE TOMBS THAT IS
O THE PUBLIC), TO THE GENERALLY “STRAIGHT AXIS” OF THE LATE NIN
YNASTY TOMBS (RAMESSES III’S AND RAMESSES IX’S TOMBS, KV11 AND
HE TOMBS’ AXES STRAIGHTENED, THE SLOPES ALSO LESSENED. THEY ALM
ATE TWENTIETH DYNASTY.[62] ANOTHER FEATURE THAT IS COMMON TO MO
HICH MAY HAVE ORIGINATED AS AN ACTUAL BARRIER INTENDED TO STOP
NTERING THE LOWER PARTS OF THE TOMB. IT SEEMS TO HAVE DEVELOPED
ATER ON AS A SYMBOLIC SHAFT.[58] IN THE LATER TWENTIETH DYNASTY
OMETIMES NOT EXCAVATED, BUT THE WELL ROOM WAS STILL PRESENT.[58
ARCHITECTURE OF TOM
HE USUAL TOMB PLAN CONSISTED OF A LONG INCLINED ROCK-CUT CORRIDOR, DESCENDING
HROUGH ONE OR MORE HALLS (POSSIBLY MIRRORING THE DESCENDING PATH OF THE SUN GOD
NTO THE UNDERWORLD[57]) TO THE BURIAL CHAMBER. IN THE EARLIER TOMBS, THE CORRIDORS TURN
0 DEGREES AT LEAST ONCE (SUCH AS KV43, THE TOMB OF THUTMOSE IV), AND THE EARLIEST ONES
SHAPED BURIAL CHAMBERS (FOR EXAMPLE, KV43, THE TOMB OF THUTMOSE IV).[58]
HIS LAYOUT IS KNOWN AS “BENT AXIS”,[59] AFTER THE BURIAL THE UPPER CORRIDORS WERE MEANT
O BE FILLED WITH RUBBLE AND THE ENTRANCE TO THE TOMB HIDDEN.[60] AFTER THE AMARNA PERIOD,
HE LAYOUT GRADUALLY STRAIGHTENED, WITH AN INTERMEDIATE “JOGGED AXIS” (THE TOMB OF
, KV57 IS TYPICAL OF THIS LAYOUT AND IS ONE OF THE TOMBS THAT IS SOMETIMES OPEN
HE LAYOUT GRADUALLY STRAIGHTENED, WITH AN INTERMEDIATE “JOGGED AXIS” (THE TOMB OF
, KV57 IS TYPICAL OF THIS LAYOUT AND IS ONE OF THE TOMBS THAT IS SOMETIMES OPEN
O THE PUBLIC), TO THE GENERALLY “STRAIGHT AXIS” OF THE LATE NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH
YNASTY TOMBS (RAMESSES III’S AND RAMESSES IX’S TOMBS, KV11 AND KV6 RESPECTIVELY).[61] AS
HE TOMBS’ AXES STRAIGHTENED, THE SLOPES ALSO LESSENED. THEY ALMOST DISAPPEARED IN THE
ATE TWENTIETH DYNASTY.[62] ANOTHER FEATURE THAT IS COMMON TO MOST TOMBS IS THE “WELL”,
HICH MAY HAVE ORIGINATED AS AN ACTUAL BARRIER INTENDED TO STOP FLOOD WATERS FROM
NTERING THE LOWER PARTS OF THE TOMB. IT SEEMS TO HAVE DEVELOPED A “MAGICAL” PURPOSE
ATER ON AS A SYMBOLIC SHAFT.[58] IN THE LATER TWENTIETH DYNASTY, THE WELL ITSELF WAS
OMETIMES NOT EXCAVATED, BUT THE WELL ROOM WAS STILL PRESENT.[58][63]

12. Howard Carter
ORN: 9 MAY 1874, KENSINGTON, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM
ED: 2 MARCH 1939, KENSINGTON, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM
LACE OF BURIAL: PUTNEY VALE CEMETERY AND CREMATORIUM, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM
ATIONALITY: BRITISH, ENGLISH
ARENTS: SAMUEL JOHN CARTER, MARTHA JOYCE CARTER
BLINGS: VERNET CARTER, AMY WALKER, EDGAR CARTER, WILLIAM CARTER, SAMUEL CARTER
AMES CARTER
OWARD CARTER (9 MAY 1874 – 2 MARCH 1939) WAS A BRITISH ARCHAEOL
GYPTOLOGIST WHO DISCOVERED THE INTACT TOMB OF THE 18
TANKHAMUN IN NOVEMBER 1922, THE BEST-PRESERVED
ALLEY OF THE KINGS.
: 9 MAY 1874, KENSINGTON, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM
: 2 MARCH 1939, KENSINGTON, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM
PUTNEY VALE CEMETERY AND CREMATORIUM, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM
: SAMUEL JOHN CARTER, MARTHA JOYCE CARTER
CARTER, AMY WALKER, EDGAR CARTER, WILLIAM CARTER, SAMUEL CARTER,
2 MARCH 1939) WAS A BRITISH ARCHAEOLOGIST AND
GYPTOLOGIST WHO DISCOVERED THE INTACT TOMB OF THE 18TH DYNASTY PHARAOH
PRESERVED PHARAONIC TOMB EVER FOUND IN THE

13. MUSEUM OF THE KING TUT
XHIBITIONS OF ARTIFACTS FROM THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN HAVE BEEN HELD AT MUSEUMS IN SEVER
NITED KINGDOM, SOVIET UNION, UNITED STATES, CANADA, JAPAN, AND
HE ARTIFACTS HAD SPARKED WIDESPREAD INTEREST IN ANCIENT EGYPT WHEN THEY WERE
MOST OF THEM REMAINED IN THE EGYPTIAN MUSEUM IN CAIRO UNTIL THE
GYPT.[1] BECAUSE OF THESE EXHIBITIONS, RELICS FROM THE TOMB OF
N THE WORLD. PROBABLY THE BEST-KNOWN TOUR WAS THE TREASURES OF
THER EXHIBITIONS HAVE INCLUDED TUTANKHAMUN TREASURES IN 1961 AN
EGINNING IN 2022 , TUTANKHAMUN AND THE GOLDEN AGE OF THE PHARAO
OLDEN KING AND THE GREAT PHARAOHS IN 2008. PERMANENT EXHIBITION
ORCHESTER, UNITED KINGDOM, WHICH CONTAINS REPLICAS OF MANY
MUSEUM OF THE KING TUT 👑
FROM THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN HAVE BEEN HELD AT MUSEUMS IN SEVERAL COUNTRIES, NOTABLY TH
NITED KINGDOM, SOVIET UNION, UNITED STATES, CANADA, JAPAN, AND FRANCE.
HAD SPARKED WIDESPREAD INTEREST IN ANCIENT EGYPT WHEN THEY WERE DISCOVERED BETWEEN 1922 AND 1927, BU
MOST OF THEM REMAINED IN THE EGYPTIAN MUSEUM IN CAIRO UNTIL THE 1960S, WHEN THEY WERE FIRST EXHIBITED OUTSIDE OF
GYPT.[1] BECAUSE OF THESE EXHIBITIONS, RELICS FROM THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN ARE AMONG THE MOST TRAVELLED ARTIFACT
KNOWN TOUR WAS THE TREASURES OF TUTANKHAMUN FROM 1972 UNTIL 1981.
THER EXHIBITIONS HAVE INCLUDED TUTANKHAMUN TREASURES IN 1961 AND 1967, TUTANKHAMEN: THE GOLDEN HEREAFTER
EGINNING IN 2022 , TUTANKHAMUN AND THE GOLDEN AGE OF THE PHARAOHS BEGINNING IN 2005, AND TUTANKHAMUN: THE
OLDEN KING AND THE GREAT PHARAOHS IN 2008. PERMANENT EXHIBITIONS INCLUDE THE TUTANKHAMUN EXHIBITION IN
ORCHESTER, UNITED KINGDOM, WHICH CONTAINS REPLICAS OF MANY ARTIFACTS.

14. THINGS WHICH ARE FOUND
WITH THE KING👑
THINGS WHICH ARE FOUND
👑 TUT
THANK YOU